unity網路----簡單基礎
阿新 • • 發佈：2018-12-13
網路
TCP:與打電話類似,通知服務到位
UDP:與發簡訊類似,訊息發出即可
IP和埠號是網路兩大重要成員
埠號(Port)分為知名埠號[0-1024,不開放)和動態埠號[1024,10000多,開放可用)
三次握手,四次揮手:
unity網端簡單案例:
分為:綜合管理部分、客戶端和伺服器
需要Socket作為媒介來進行互動
見程式碼:
一、綜合管理部分:
1 using System.Collections; 2 using System.Collections.Generic; 3 using UnityEngine; 4 using System.Net; 5 using System.Net.Sockets; 6 using System.Threading; 7 using System; 8 9 //綜合管理部分 10 // 可以供客戶端和伺服器一塊使用 11 public class TcpSocket 12 { 13 private Socket socket;//當前例項化的套接字 14 private byte[] data;//socket上的資料 15 private bool isServer; //用來區分伺服器 還是客戶端 16 17 //構造TcpSocket 18 public TcpSocket(Socket socket,int dataLength, bool isServer) 19 { 20 this.socket = socket; 21 data = new byte[dataLength]; 22 this.isServer = isServer; 23 } 24 // 接受----->客戶端 25 public void ClientReceive() 26 { 27 //data:資料快取 0:接受位的偏移量 length 28 socket.BeginReceive(data,0,data.Length,SocketFlags.None,new AsyncCallback(ClientEndReceive),null); 29 } 30 public void ClientEndReceive(IAsyncResult ar) 31 { 32 int receiveLength = socket.EndReceive(ar); //資料的處理 33 string dataStr = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetString(data,0, receiveLength); //把接受完畢的位元組陣列轉化為 string型別 34 if (isServer) 35 { Debug.Log("伺服器接受到了:" + dataStr); 36 for (int i = 0; i < Server.Instance.clients.Count; i++) //伺服器要回什麼 37 { 38 if (Server.Instance.clients[i].ClientConnect()) 39 { 40 Server.Instance.clients[i].ClientSeed(System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("伺服器回覆:"+ dataStr)); 41 } 42 } 43 }else { 44 DataManager.Instance.Msg = dataStr; 45 Debug.Log("客戶端接受到了:" + dataStr); 46 } 47 } 48 49 50 // 傳送---->客戶端傳送給伺服器 51 public void ClientSeed(byte[] data) 52 { 53 socket.BeginSend(data,0, data.Length, SocketFlags.None,new AsyncCallback(ClientSeedEnd),null ); 54 } 55 56 private void ClientSeedEnd(IAsyncResult ar) 57 { 58 socket.EndSend(ar); 59 } 60 61 62 //連線----客戶端與伺服器連線 63 public void ClientConnect(string ip,int port) 64 { 65 socket.BeginConnect(new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse(ip), port),new AsyncCallback(ClientEndConnect),null); 66 } 67 public void ClientEndConnect(IAsyncResult ar) 68 { 69 if (ar.IsCompleted) { 70 Debug.Log("連線成功"); 71 } 72 socket.EndConnect(ar); 73 } 74 75 // 客戶端與伺服器是否連線 76 77 public bool IsClientConnect() 78 { 79 return socket.Connected; 80 } 81 //斷開連線 82 public void ClientClose() 83 { 84 if (socket!=null&& ISClientConnect()) 85 { 86 socket.Close(); 87 } 88 } 89 90 }View Code
二、伺服器部分:
注意:回撥函式AcceptClient只有當伺服器接受連線(連線成功了)才會被呼叫.
1 using System.Collections; 2 using System.Collections.Generic; 3 using UnityEngine; 4 using System.Net; 5 using System.Net.Sockets; 6 using System.Threading; 7 using System;View Code8 9 // 伺服器 10 11 public class Server : MonoBehaviour { 12 13 //單例伺服器,繼承Mono的 14 private static Server instance; 15 public static Server Instance 16 { 17 get { return instance; } 18 } 19 private void Awake() 20 { 21 instance = this; 22 } 23 //------------------------------------------------------------------------24 private Socket server;//定義一個伺服器 25 public List<TcpSocket> clients;//所有連線的客戶端 26 private bool isLoopAccept = true;//是否迴圈接受客戶端的請求 27 28 void Start () 29 { 30 //初始化伺服器socket 協議族 31 server = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork,SocketType.Stream,ProtocolType.Tcp); 32 server.Bind(new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any,10086));//繫結埠號 33 server.Listen(100); //可以監聽的客戶端數目 34 //------------------------------------------------------------------------ 35 //開闢一個執行緒 處理客戶端連線請求 執行緒要暫停需用listenThread.Abort(); 36 Thread listenThread = new Thread(ReceiveClient); 37 listenThread.Start(); //開啟執行緒 38 listenThread.IsBackground = true; //後臺執行 39 //------------------------------------------------------------------------ 40 //初始化連線的客戶端 41 clients = new List<TcpSocket>(); 42 43 } 44 45 // 持續處理 接受客戶端連線的請求 46 private void ReceiveClient() 47 { 48 while (isLoopAccept) 49 { 50 server.BeginAccept(AcceptClient,null); //開始接受客戶端連線請求 51 Debug.Log("檢測客戶端連線中....."); 52 Thread.Sleep(1000);//每隔1s檢測 有沒有連線我 53 } 54 } 55 // 客戶端連線成功之後回撥 56 private void AcceptClient(IAsyncResult ar) 57 { 58 //連線成功後處理該客戶 59 Socket client = server.EndAccept(ar); 60 TcpSocket clientSocket = new TcpSocket(client,1024,true); 61 clients.Add(clientSocket); 62 Debug.Log("連線成功"); 63 } 64 //關閉專案終止執行緒,停止伺服器. 65 private void OnApplicationQuit() 66 { 67 listenThread.Abort(); 68 listenThread.IsBackground = true;//關閉執行緒 69 } 70 }
三、客戶端部分:
using System.Collections; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Net; using System.Net.Sockets; using System.Threading; using System; using UnityEngine; using UnityEngine.UI; //客戶端 public class Client : MonoBehaviour { public InputField input; public Text receiveText; TcpSocket tcpClient; Socket client; void Start () { //註冊監聽事件 receiveText = GameObject.Find("ReceiveText").GetComponent<Text>(); tcpClient = new TcpSocket(client,1024,false);//初始化綜合處理器 client = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);//初始化客戶端 } void Update () { if (tcpClient != null && tcpClient.IsClientConnect())//如果客戶端不為空且客戶端已連線 { tcpClient.ClientReceive();//執行綜合管理器中的ClientReceive() } receiveText.text = DataManager.Instance.Msg; } public void OnClickConnectBtn()//客戶端向伺服器開始連線輸入(IP和埠號)按鈕事件 { if (!tcpClient.IsClientConnect()) { tcpClient.ClientConnect("10.50.6.129",10086); } } public void OnClickToSendServer()//客戶端向伺服器傳送文字訊息按鈕事件 { if (tcpClient != null && tcpClient.IsClientConnect() && !String.IsNullOrEmpty(input.text)) { tcpClient.ClientSeed(System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(input.text)); input.text = ""; } } private void OnApplicationQuit()//關閉專案,退出伺服器連線 { if (tcpClient != null && tcpClient.ClientConnect()) { tcpClient.ClientClose(); } } }View Code