磁碟陣列Raid0，Raid1，Raid10，Raid5的建立（Raid1篇）
阿新 • • 發佈：2018-12-13
Raid1
和Raid0一樣，先建立兩個磁碟並進行分割槽
fdisk /dev/sdd
fdisk /dev/sde
[[email protected] ~]# fdisk /dev/sdd Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x52678aed. Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable. Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite) WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to sectors (command 'u'). Command (m for help): n Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) p Partition number (1-4): 1 First cylinder (1-652, default 1): Using default value 1 Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-652, default 652): +1G Command (m for help): t Selected partition 1 Hex code (type L to list codes): l 0 Empty 24 NEC DOS 81 Minix / old Lin bf Solaris 1 FAT12 39 Plan 9 82 Linux swap / So c1 DRDOS/sec (FAT- 2 XENIX root 3c PartitionMagic 83 Linux c4 DRDOS/sec (FAT- 3 XENIX usr 40 Venix 80286 84 OS/2 hidden C: c6 DRDOS/sec (FAT- 4 FAT16 <32M 41 PPC PReP Boot 85 Linux extended c7 Syrinx 5 Extended 42 SFS 86 NTFS volume set da Non-FS data 6 FAT16 4d QNX4.x 87 NTFS volume set db CP/M / CTOS / . 7 HPFS/NTFS 4e QNX4.x 2nd part 88 Linux plaintext de Dell Utility 8 AIX 4f QNX4.x 3rd part 8e Linux LVM df BootIt 9 AIX bootable 50 OnTrack DM 93 Amoeba e1 DOS access a OS/2 Boot Manag 51 OnTrack DM6 Aux 94 Amoeba BBT e3 DOS R/O b W95 FAT32 52 CP/M 9f BSD/OS e4 SpeedStor c W95 FAT32 (LBA) 53 OnTrack DM6 Aux a0 IBM Thinkpad hi eb BeOS fs e W95 FAT16 (LBA) 54 OnTrackDM6 a5 FreeBSD ee GPT f W95 Ext'd (LBA) 55 EZ-Drive a6 OpenBSD ef EFI (FAT-12/16/ 10 OPUS 56 Golden Bow a7 NeXTSTEP f0 Linux/PA-RISC b 11 Hidden FAT12 5c Priam Edisk a8 Darwin UFS f1 SpeedStor 12 Compaq diagnost 61 SpeedStor a9 NetBSD f4 SpeedStor 14 Hidden FAT16 <3 63 GNU HURD or Sys ab Darwin boot f2 DOS secondary 16 Hidden FAT16 64 Novell Netware af HFS / HFS+ fb VMware VMFS 17 Hidden HPFS/NTF 65 Novell Netware b7 BSDI fs fc VMware VMKCORE 18 AST SmartSleep 70 DiskSecure Mult b8 BSDI swap fd Linux raid auto 1b Hidden W95 FAT3 75 PC/IX bb Boot Wizard hid fe LANstep 1c Hidden W95 FAT3 80 Old Minix be Solaris boot ff BBT 1e Hidden W95 FAT1 Hex code (type L to list codes): fd Linux raid auto Changed system type of partition 1 to fd (Linux raid autodetect) Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sdd: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x52678aed Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdd1 1 132 1060258+ fd Linux raid autodetect Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks.
[[email protected] ~]# fdisk /dev/sde Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x536526e7. Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable. Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite) WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to sectors (command 'u'). Command (m for help): n Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) p Partition number (1-4): 1 First cylinder (1-652, default 1): Using default value 1 Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-652, default 652): +1G Command (m for help): t Selected partition 1 Hex code (type L to list codes): l 0 Empty 24 NEC DOS 81 Minix / old Lin bf Solaris 1 FAT12 39 Plan 9 82 Linux swap / So c1 DRDOS/sec (FAT- 2 XENIX root 3c PartitionMagic 83 Linux c4 DRDOS/sec (FAT- 3 XENIX usr 40 Venix 80286 84 OS/2 hidden C: c6 DRDOS/sec (FAT- 4 FAT16 <32M 41 PPC PReP Boot 85 Linux extended c7 Syrinx 5 Extended 42 SFS 86 NTFS volume set da Non-FS data 6 FAT16 4d QNX4.x 87 NTFS volume set db CP/M / CTOS / . 7 HPFS/NTFS 4e QNX4.x 2nd part 88 Linux plaintext de Dell Utility 8 AIX 4f QNX4.x 3rd part 8e Linux LVM df BootIt 9 AIX bootable 50 OnTrack DM 93 Amoeba e1 DOS access a OS/2 Boot Manag 51 OnTrack DM6 Aux 94 Amoeba BBT e3 DOS R/O b W95 FAT32 52 CP/M 9f BSD/OS e4 SpeedStor c W95 FAT32 (LBA) 53 OnTrack DM6 Aux a0 IBM Thinkpad hi eb BeOS fs e W95 FAT16 (LBA) 54 OnTrackDM6 a5 FreeBSD ee GPT f W95 Ext'd (LBA) 55 EZ-Drive a6 OpenBSD ef EFI (FAT-12/16/ 10 OPUS 56 Golden Bow a7 NeXTSTEP f0 Linux/PA-RISC b 11 Hidden FAT12 5c Priam Edisk a8 Darwin UFS f1 SpeedStor 12 Compaq diagnost 61 SpeedStor a9 NetBSD f4 SpeedStor 14 Hidden FAT16 <3 63 GNU HURD or Sys ab Darwin boot f2 DOS secondary 16 Hidden FAT16 64 Novell Netware af HFS / HFS+ fb VMware VMFS 17 Hidden HPFS/NTF 65 Novell Netware b7 BSDI fs fc VMware VMKCORE 18 AST SmartSleep 70 DiskSecure Mult b8 BSDI swap fd Linux raid auto 1b Hidden W95 FAT3 75 PC/IX bb Boot Wizard hid fe LANstep 1c Hidden W95 FAT3 80 Old Minix be Solaris boot ff BBT 1e Hidden W95 FAT1 Hex code (type L to list codes): fd Linux raid auto Changed system type of partition 1 to fd (Linux raid autodetect) Command (m for help): fd Linux raid auto f: unknown command Command action a toggle a bootable flag b edit bsd disklabel c toggle the dos compatibility flag d delete a partition l list known partition types m print this menu n add a new partition o create a new empty DOS partition table p print the partition table q quit without saving changes s create a new empty Sun disklabel t change a partition's system id u change display/entry units v verify the partition table w write table to disk and exit x extra functionality (experts only) Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sde: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x536526e7 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sde1 1 132 1060258+ fd Linux raid autodetect Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks.
partx -a /dev/sdd1 /dev/sdd
partx -a /dev/sde1 /dev/sde
fdisk -l /dev/sdd /dev/sde
[[email protected] ~]# fdisk -l /dev/sdd /dev/sde Disk /dev/sdd: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x52678aed Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdd1 1 132 1060258+ fd Linux raid autodetect Disk /dev/sde: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x29ce6d94 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sde1 1 132 1060258+ fd Linux raid autodetect
mdadm -C /dev/md1 -ayes -l1 -n2 /dev/sd{d,e}1
[[email protected] ~]# mdadm -C /dev/md1 -ayes -l1 -n2 /dev/sd{d,e}1
mdadm: Note: this array has metadata at the start and
may not be suitable as a boot device. If you plan to
store '/boot' on this device please ensure that
your boot-loader understands md/v1.x metadata, or use
--metadata=0.90
Continue creating array? y
mdadm: Defaulting to version 1.2 metadata
mdadm: array /dev/md1 started.cat /proc/mdstat
[[email protected] ~]# cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [raid0] [raid1]
md1 : active raid1 sde1[1] sdd1[0]
1059200 blocks super 1.2 [2/2] [UU]
md0 : active raid0 sdb1[0] sdc1[1]
2119680 blocks super 1.2 512k chunks
unused devices: <none>mdadm -D /dev/md0
[[email protected] ~]# mdadm -D /dev/md0
/dev/md0:
Version : 1.2
Creation Time : Sat Oct 6 10:29:44 2018
Raid Level : raid0
Array Size : 2119680 (2.02 GiB 2.17 GB)
Raid Devices : 2
Total Devices : 2
Persistence : Superblock is persistent
Update Time : Sat Oct 6 10:29:44 2018
State : clean
Active Devices : 2
Working Devices : 2
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0
Chunk Size : 512K
Name : localhost.localdomain:0 (local to host localhost.localdomain)
UUID : 038b42e0:54219821:617dd9f0:029825b1
Events : 0
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 8 17 0 active sync /dev/sdb1
1 8 33 1 active sync /dev/sdc1echo DEVICE /dev/sd{d,e}1 >> /etc/mdadm.conf
mdadm -Ds >> /etc/mdadm.conf
vim /etc/mdadm.conf
[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/mdadm.conf
1 DEVICE /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdc1
2 ARRAY /dev/md0 level=raid0 num-devices=2 UUID=038b42e0:54219821:617dd9f0:029825b1
3 [email protected] ~]# vim
4 DEVICE /dev/sdd1 /dev/sde1
5 ARRAY /dev/md0 level=raid0 num-devices=2 UUID=038b42e0:54219821:617dd9f0:029825b1
6 ARRAY /dev/md1 level=raid1 num-devices=2 UUID=7c2ee5cd:5f2cfb40:1258477c:c71f806b mkfs.ext4 /dev/md1
[[email protected] ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/md1
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
66240 inodes, 264800 blocks
13240 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=272629760
9 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
7360 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 33 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.mkdir /mnt/raid1
mount /dev/md1 /mnt/raid1
df -TH
[[email protected] ~]# df -TH
Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root ext4 19G 7.5G 11G 43% /
tmpfs tmpfs 523M 78k 523M 1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 ext4 508M 36M 446M 8% /boot
/dev/md0 ext4 2.2G 2.2G 0 100% /mnt/raid0
/dev/sr0 iso9660 4.5G 4.5G 0 100% /media/CentOS_6.5_Final
/dev/md1 ext4 1.1G 35M 979M 4% /mnt/raid1vim /etc/fstab
[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/fstab
1
2 #
3 # /etc/fstab
4 # Created by anaconda on Thu Aug 30 19:30:32 2018
5 #
6 # Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
7 # See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
8 #
9 /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root / ext4 defaults 1 1
10 UUID=7d586269-560b-42c2-b134-90177acbfcc5 /boot ext4 defaults
1 2
11 /dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_swap swap swap defaults 0 0
12 tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0
13 devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0
14 sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0
15 proc /proc proc defaults 0 0
16 /dev/md0 /mnt/raid0 ext4 defaults 0 0
17 /dev/md1 /mnt/raid1 ext4 defaults 0 0
~ reboot
[[email protected] ~]# reboot
Broadcast message from [email protected]
(/dev/pts/0) at 14:42 ...
The system is going down for reboot NOW!df -TH
[[email protected] ~]# df -TH
Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root ext4 19G 7.5G 11G 43% /
tmpfs tmpfs 523M 78k 523M 1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 ext4 508M 36M 446M 8% /boot
/dev/md1 ext4 1.1G 35M 979M 4% /mnt/raid1
/dev/sr0 iso9660 4.5G 4.5G 0 100% /media/CentOS_6.5_Final