1.[[email protected] ~]# clear

清屏

2.[[email protected] home]# vi test.log

i -》編輯

esc -》 命令模式

shift+:-->end 輸入 wq 儲存

3.[[email protected] home]# cat test.log

as

檢視檔案內容

4 [[email protected] home]# pwd

/home

檢視當前路徑

5 家目錄

家目錄: 使用者所在的預設的目錄

/root 超級管理員

/home/cqk

/home/xxxx

6 cd切換目錄

cd path 切換到指定目錄

[[email protected] home]# cd /usr/local

[[email protected] local]#

cd ~切換到當前使用者家目錄

[[email protected] home]# cd /usr/local

[[email protected] local]# cd ~

cd - 切換到上一次目錄

[[email protected] local]# cd /home

[[email protected] home]# cd -

/usr/local

[[email protected]

local]#

cd ../ 切換到上一層目錄

[[email protected] local]# cd ../

[[email protected] usr]#

7

ls檢視當前目錄下的檔案資料夾的名稱

[[email protected] ~]# ls

apache-tomcat-8.5.16.tar.gz

CDH-5.13.1-1.cdh5.13.1.p0.2-el7.parcel

CDH-5.13.1-1.cdh5.13.1.p0.2-el7.parcel.sha

cloudera-manager-centos7-cm5.13.1_x86_64.tar.gz

ifloop.sh

jdk-8u144-linux-x64.tar.gz

log4j.log

manifest.json

mysql-connector-java-5.1.44-bin.jar

opt

ls -l ==> ll 檢視當前目錄下的檔案和資料夾的詳細資訊

[[email protected] ~]# ll

total 2816416

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 9417469 Aug 29 14:30 apache-tomcat-8.5.16.tar.gz

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1934231261 May 11 12:21 CDH-5.13.1-1.cdh5.13.1.p0.2-el7.parcel

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 41 May 11 12:00 CDH-5.13.1-1.cdh5.13.1.p0.2-el7.parcel.sha

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 753729280 May 11 11:57 cloudera-manager-centos7-cm5.13.1_x86_64.tar.gz

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 104 Jun 20 10:00 ifloop.sh

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 185515842 May 11 11:41 jdk-8u144-linux-x64.tar.gz

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 740 May 11 16:01 log4j.log

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 73766 Feb 23 2018 manifest.json

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 999635 May 11 15:58 mysql-connector-java-5.1.44-bin.jar

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 May 11 12:43 opt

ls -l -a ==》ll-a檢視隱藏檔案

隱藏檔案：檔案或資料夾名稱以.開頭

[[email protected] ~]# ll -a

total 2816468

drwxr-xr-x. 6 1106 4001 4096 Sep 26 11:53 .

dr-xr-xr-x. 18 root root 4096 May 29 14:01 ..

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 9417469 Aug 29 14:30 apache-tomcat-8.5.16.tar.gz

-rw------- 1 root root 5201 Sep 30 08:54 .bash_history

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 18 Dec 29 2013 .bash_logout

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 176 Dec 29 2013 .bash_profile

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 176 Dec 29 2013 .bashrc

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1934231261 May 11 12:21 CDH-5.13.1-1.cdh5.13.1.p0.2-el7.parcel

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 41 May 11 12:00 CDH-5.13.1-1.cdh5.13.1.p0.2-el7.parcel.sha

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 753729280 May 11 11:57 cloudera-manager-centos7-cm5.13.1_x86_64.tar.gz

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 100 Dec 29 2013 .cshrc

drwxr-x--- 3 root root 4096 Sep 2 09:25 .FineReport80

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 104 Jun 20 10:00 ifloop.sh

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 185515842 May 11 11:41 jdk-8u144-linux-x64.tar.gz

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 740 May 11 16:01 log4j.log

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 73766 Feb 23 2018 manifest.json

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 999635 May 11 15:58 mysql-connector-java-5.1.44-bin.jar

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 May 11 12:43 opt

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 May 11 11:47 .oracle_jre_usage

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 7 Sep 26 11:50 ss

drwx------ 2 root root 4096 May 11 11:37 .ssh

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 129 Dec 29 2013 .tcshrc

-rw------- 1 root root 674 May 11 11:32 .viminfo

ls -l -h ll -h 檔案的大小(不是資料夾)

[[email protected] ~]# ll -h

total 2.7G

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 9.0M Aug 29 14:30 apache-tomcat-8.5.16.tar.gz

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1.9G May 11 12:21 CDH-5.13.1-1.cdh5.13.1.p0.2-el7.parcel

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 41 May 11 12:00 CDH-5.13.1-1.cdh5.13.1.p0.2-el7.parcel.sha

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 719M May 11 11:57 cloudera-manager-centos7-cm5.13.1_x86_64.tar.gz

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 104 Jun 20 10:00 ifloop.sh

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 177M May 11 11:41 jdk-8u144-linux-x64.tar.gz

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 740 May 11 16:01 log4j.log

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 73K Feb 23 2018 manifest.json

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 977K May 11 15:58 mysql-connector-java-5.1.44-bin.jar

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4.0K May 11 12:43 opt

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 7 Sep 26 11:50 ss

ls -l -rt 按時間排序

[[email protected] ~]# ll -rt

total 2816416

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 73766 Feb 23 2018 manifest.json

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 185515842 May 11 11:41 jdk-8u144-linux-x64.tar.gz

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 753729280 May 11 11:57 cloudera-manager-centos7-cm5.13.1_x86_64.tar.gz

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 41 May 11 12:00 CDH-5.13.1-1.cdh5.13.1.p0.2-el7.parcel.sha

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1934231261 May 11 12:21 CDH-5.13.1-1.cdh5.13.1.p0.2-el7.parcel

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 May 11 12:43 opt

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 999635 May 11 15:58 mysql-connector-java-5.1.44-bin.jar

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 740 May 11 16:01 log4j.log

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 104 Jun 20 10:00 ifloop.sh

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 9417469 Aug 29 14:30 apache-tomcat-8.5.16.tar.gz

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 7 Sep 26 11:50 ss

mkdir 資料夾名稱 1層

[[email protected] home]# mkdir cqk

[[email protected] home]# ll

total 8

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Sep 30 09:37 cqk

mkdir -p a/b/c -p級聯建立

[[email protected] home]# mkdir -p a/b/c

[[email protected] home]# ll

total 20

drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Sep 30 09:43 a

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Sep 30 09:37 cqk

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3 Sep 30 08:58 test.log

[[email protected] home]# cd a

[[email protected] a]# cd b

[[email protected] b]# cd c

[[email protected] c]# ll

total 0

[[email protected] c]# pwd

/home/a/b/c

mkdir q w e 同一層建立3個目錄

[[email protected] home]# mkdir q w e

[[email protected] home]# ll

total 24

drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Sep 30 09:43 a

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Sep 30 09:37 cqk

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Sep 30 09:46 e

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Sep 30 09:46 q

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3 Sep 30 08:58 test.log

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Sep 30 09:46 w

[[email protected] home]#

8 建立檔案

vi test.log

touch test.log

9.移動複製 多份

mv xxx yyyy

cp xxx yyyy 檔案

cp -r 資料夾

10.檢視檔案內容

cat xxx.log 一下子將內容刷新出來

more xxx.log 一頁頁按 【空格鍵】 翻下；【B】上

按 ctrl+z終止

11. > 箭頭

> 覆蓋

[[email protected] home]# echo 123 > test.log

[[email protected] home]# more test.log

123

[[email protected] home]# echo 456 > test.log

[[email protected] home]# more test.log

456

[[email protected] home]#

>> 追加

[[email protected] home]# echo 2345656 >> test.log

[[email protected] home]# more test.log

123

2345656

12.環境變數檔案

全域性: /etc/profile

生效：source /etc/profile

個人: 家目錄/.bash_profile

家目錄/.bashrc

source 家目錄/.bash_profile

. .bash_profile

13.切換使用者

su cqk

su - cqk 進入家目錄 執行環境變數檔案生效

14.刪除

rm xxx.log 刪除檔案詢問是否還要刪除

[[email protected] home]# rm test.log

rm: remove regular file ‘test.log’?

rm -f xxx.log 不詢問

[[email protected] home]# rm -f text.log

[[email protected] home]#

rm -r -f yyy 不詢問 刪除資料夾

[[email protected] home]# rm -r -f a

[[email protected] home]#

rm -rf yyy

[[email protected] home]# rm -rf e

[[email protected] home]#

15.檢視歷史命令

[[email protected] home]# history

456 ll

457 rm test.log

458 ll

459 rm -f text.log

460 rm -f a

461 rm -r-f a

462 rm -r -f a

463 rm -rf e

464 histroy

465 history

執行第幾行命令

[[email protected] home]# !458

ll

total 12

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Sep 30 15:50 cqk

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Sep 30 09:46 q

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Sep 30 09:46 w

[[email protected] home]#

15.使用者和使用者組

[[email protected] home]# ll /usr/sbin/user*

-rwxr-x---. 1 root root 118192 Nov 6 2016 /usr/sbin/useradd

-rwxr-x---. 1 root root 80360 Nov 6 2016 /usr/sbin/userdel

-rws--x--x. 1 root root 40312 Jun 10 2014 /usr/sbin/userhelper

-rwxr-x---. 1 root root 113840 Nov 6 2016 /usr/sbin/usermod

-rwsr-xr-x. 1 root root 11296 Nov 6 2016 /usr/sbin/usernetctl

[[email protected] home]# ll /usr/sbin/group*

-rwxr-x---. 1 root root 65480 Nov 6 2016 /usr/sbin/groupadd

-rwxr-x---. 1 root root 57016 Nov 6 2016 /usr/sbin/groupdel

-rwxr-x---. 1 root root 57064 Nov 6 2016 /usr/sbin/groupmems

-rwxr-x---. 1 root root 76424 Nov 6 2016 /usr/sbin/groupmod

[[email protected] ~]# useradd spark000

[[email protected] ~]# id spark000

uid=1001(spark000) gid=1001(spark000) groups=1001(spark000)

spark000使用者 spark000使用者組 同時spark000使用者組為主組

[[email protected] ~]# userdel spark000

[[email protected] ~]# useradd spark000

useradd: warning: the home directory already exists.

Not copying any file from skel directory into it.

Creating mailbox file: File exists

[[email protected] home]# ll

total 16

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Sep 30 15:50 cqk

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Sep 30 09:46 q

drwx------ 2 spark000 spark000 4096 Sep 30 15:59 spark000

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Sep 30 09:46 w

[[email protected] ~]# su spark001

[[email protected] root]$ pwd

/root

[[email protected] ~]# su - spark001

Last login: Sun Sep 30 17:22:12 CST 2018 on pts/3

[[email protected] ~]$ pwd

/home/spark001