1. 程式人生 > >IDEA 建立 Spring MVC 詳細教程-- 1

IDEA 建立 Spring MVC 詳細教程-- 1

一、使用DEA建立專案 

  1. 新建專案file-new -project

 2.新建一個maven project,並且選擇webapp原型。 

3.填寫GroupId和ArtifactId,

GroupID 是專案組織唯一的識別符號,實際對應JAVA的包的結構,是main目錄裡java的目錄結構,一般域名+公司名。 

ArtifactID是專案的唯一的識別符號,實際對應專案的名稱,就是專案根目錄的名稱。 

4.專案目錄結構

5.根據對專案的任意目錄進行這五種目錄型別標註。

6. 包結構設定

二 、搭建專案

  1. 準備好之後,開始配置SpringMVC ,先是配置 pom.xml檔案。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>com.hf</groupId>
  <artifactId>springmvc</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>

  <name>springmvc Maven Webapp</name>
  <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
  <url>http://www.example.com</url>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
  </properties>


  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.11</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
<!-- 標記庫用於檢視層的支援 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
      <version>1.2</version>
      <scope>runtime</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>taglibs</groupId>
      <artifactId>standard</artifactId>
      <version>1.1.2</version>
      <scope>runtime</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!--spring相關包-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
      <version>4.3.1.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>4.3.1.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

  </dependencies>

  <build>
    <finalName>springmvc</finalName>
    <resources>
    
    </resources>

    <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
      <plugins>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.0.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging -->
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.0.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.7.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.20.1</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.2.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.5.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.8.2</version>
        </plugin>
      </plugins>
    </pluginManagement>
  </build>


</project>

2. 接下來配置web 檔案,web檔案在啟動時被載入,同時載入其中配置的 其他xml 檔案。

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
        "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
        "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >

<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd "
         version="3.0">
    <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>

    <!-- 配置引用spring-mvc.xml -->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <!-- 啟動時載入spring-mvc.xml -->
            <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
            <!--<param-value>/WEB-INF/spring-mvc.xml</param-value>-->
        </init-param>
        <!-- 啟動時載入spring-mvc.xml 的優先順序高-->
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>

    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

在web.xml 配置中設定spring-servlet.xml的載入路徑         <init-param>             <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>             <param-value>/WEB-INF/spring-mvc.xml</param-value>         </init-param> 上面的這個是可以不用配置的,框架預設在/WEB-INF/下 自己掃描對應的XXX--mvc.xml配置檔案,也可以自己指定;同時也可把配置檔案指定到 resources 目錄下,本例則是放在resources 目錄下。

3. 配置spring-mvc.xml 檔案。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd ">

    <!-- 開啟spring的掃描注入,使用如下註解 -->
    <!-- @Component,@Repository,@Service,@Controller-->
    <!-- 錯誤點 com.hf.controller 不能掃描到service ,dao等-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.hf"/>

    <!-- 開啟springMVC的註解驅動,使得url可以對映到對應的controller -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven />

    <!-- 檢視解析 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>
</beans>

注意點:新建專案需要引入下圖紅框中的連結,用於支援MVC註解驅動。

<!-- 開啟springMVC的註解驅動,使得url可以對映到對應的controller --> 
<mvc:annotation-driven />