go語言應用:爬蟲
阿新 • • 發佈:2018-12-18
1.爬蟲思路:
1)明確目標(要知道你準備在哪個範圍或網站去搜索)
2)爬(將所有的網站的內容全部爬下來)
3)取(去掉對我們沒用處的資料)
4)處理資料(按照我們想要的方式儲存和使用)
2.百度貼吧爬蟲
package main import ( "fmt" "net/http" "os" "strconv" ) //爬取網頁內容 func HttpGet(url string) (result string, err error) { resp, err1 := http.Get(url) if err1 != nil { fmt.Println("http.Get err=", err) return } defer resp.Body.Close() //讀取網頁Body中的內容 buf := make([]byte, 4*1024) for { n, err := resp.Body.Read(buf) if n == 0 {//讀取結束或者出現問題了 fmt.Println("resp.Body.Read err=", err) break } result += string(buf[:n]) } return } func DoWork(start, end int) { fmt.Printf("正在爬取%d到%d的頁面", start, end) //明確目標(要知道準備在哪個範圍或網站去搜索) //下一頁+50 for i := start; i <= end; i++ { url := "https://tieba.baidu.com/f?kw=%E7%BB%9D%E5%9C%B0%E6%B1%82%E7%94%9F&ie=utf-8&pn=" + strconv.Itoa((i-1)*50) //爬(將所有的網站的內容全部爬下來) result, err := HttpGet(url) if err != nil { fmt.Println("HttpGet err=", err) continue } //把爬下來的內容寫到檔案中 fileName := strconv.Itoa(i) + ".html" f, err1 := os.Create(fileName) if err1 != nil { fmt.Println("os.Create err=", err1) continue } f.WriteString(result) f.Close()//關閉檔案 } } func main() { var start, end int fmt.Printf("請輸入起始頁(大於等於1):") fmt.Scan(&start) fmt.Printf("請輸入終止頁(大於等於起始頁):") fmt.Scan(&end) DoWork(start, end) }
3.併發百度貼吧爬蟲
package main import ( "fmt" "net/http" "os" "strconv" ) //爬取網站內容 func HttpGet(url string) (result string, err error) { resp, err1 := http.Get(url) if err1 != nil { err = err1 return } defer resp.Body.Close() //讀取網頁內容 buf := make([]byte, 4*1024) for { n, err := resp.Body.Read(buf) if n == 0 { fmt.Println("resp.Body.Read err=", err) break } result += string(buf[:n]) } return } //爬取一個網頁 func SpiderPage(i int, page chan int) { url := "https://tieba.baidu.com/f?kw=%E7%BB%9D%E5%9C%B0%E6%B1%82%E7%94%9F&ie=utf-8&pn=" + strconv.Itoa((i-1)*50) //爬(將所有的網站的內容全部爬下來) result, err := HttpGet(url) if err != nil { fmt.Println("HttpGet err", err) return } //把內容寫入到檔案 fileName := strconv.Itoa(i) + ".html" f, err1 := os.Create(fileName) if err1 != nil { fmt.Println("os.Create err=", err1) return } f.WriteString(result) f.Close()//關閉檔案 page <- i } func DoWork(start, end int) { fmt.Printf("正在爬取第%d頁到第%d頁\n", start, end) page := make(chan int) //不能光宣告不給分配空間 //明確目標(要知道準備在哪個範圍或網站去搜索),下一頁+50 for i := start; i <= end; i++ { go SpiderPage(i, page) } for i := start; i <= end; i++ { fmt.Printf("第%d個頁面爬取完成", <-page) } } func main() { var start, end int fmt.Printf("請輸入起始頁(大於等於1):") fmt.Scan(&start) fmt.Printf("請輸入終止頁(大於等於起始頁):") fmt.Scan(&end) DoWork(start, end) }
4.併發,爬取網頁連結
package main import ( "fmt" "net/http" "os" "regexp" "strconv" "strings" ) func HttpGet(url string) (result string, err error) { resp, err1 := http.Get(url)//傳送Get請求 if err1 != nil { err = err1 return } defer resp.Body.Close() //讀取網頁內容 buf := make([]byte, 4*1024) for { n, err := resp.Body.Read(buf) if n == 0 { fmt.Println("resp.Body.Read err=", err) break } result += string(buf[:n]) } return } func SpiderOneJoy(url string) (title, content string, err error) { result, err1 := HttpGet(url) if err1 != nil { err = err1 return } //取標題:<h1>標題</h1> re := regexp.MustCompile(`<h1>(?s:(.*?))</h1>`) if re == nil { err = fmt.Errorf("%s", "regexp.MustCompile err") return } tmpTitle := re.FindAllStringSubmatch(result, 1) for _, data := range tmpTitle { title = data[1] title = strings.Replace(title, "\t", "", -1) break } //取內容: re = regexp.MustCompile(`<div class="content-txt pt10">(?s:(.*?))<a id="prev" href="`) if re == nil { err = fmt.Errorf("%s", "regexp.MustCompile err") return } tmpContent := re.FindAllStringSubmatch(result, -1) for _, data := range tmpContent { content = data[1] content = strings.Replace(content, "\r\n", "", -1) content = strings.Replace(content, "\n", "", -1) content = strings.Replace(content, "\r", "", -1) content = strings.Replace(content, " ", "", -1) content = strings.Replace(content, "\t", "", -1) content = strings.Replace(content, "<br/>", "", -1) content = strings.Replace(content, "<br />", "", -1) break } return } func StoreJoyToFile(i int, fileTitle, fileContent []string) { //新建檔案 fileName := strconv.Itoa(i) + ".txt" f, err := os.Create(fileName) if err != nil { fmt.Println("os.Create err=", err) return } defer f.Close() len := len(fileTitle) //往檔案裡寫內容 for i := 0; i < len; i++ { f.WriteString(fileTitle[i] + "\n") f.WriteString(fileContent[i] + "\n") f.WriteString("---------\n") } } func SpiderPage(i int, page chan int) { //明確爬取的網址 url := "https://www.pengfu.com/xiaohua_" + strconv.Itoa(i) + ".html" fmt.Printf("正在爬取第%d個網頁:%s\n", i, url) //開始爬取頁面的內容 result, err := HttpGet(url) if err != nil { fmt.Println("HttpGet err=", err) return } //取內容,<h1 class="dp-b"><a href="一個段子url連線 " re := regexp.MustCompile(`<h1 class="dp-b"><a href="(?s:(.*?))"`) if re == nil { fmt.Println("regexp.MustCompile err") return } //取關鍵資訊 joyUrls := re.FindAllStringSubmatch(result, -1) fileTitle := make([]string, 0) fileContent := make([]string, 0) for _, data := range joyUrls { url := data[1] //爬子頁面 title, content, err := SpiderOneJoy(url) if err != nil { fmt.Println("SpiderOneJoy err=", err) continue } fileTitle = append(fileTitle, title)//追加內容 fileContent = append(fileContent, content)//追加內容 } StoreJoyToFile(i, fileTitle, fileContent) page <- i//爬完之後,將頁編號加入通道 } func DoWork(start, end int) { fmt.Printf("準備爬取第%d頁到%d頁的網址\n", start, end) page := make(chan int) for i := start; i <= end; i++ { //定義一個函式,爬主頁面 go SpiderPage(i, page) } for i := start; i <= end; i++ { fmt.Printf("第%d頁爬取結束\n", <-page) } } func main() { var start, end int fmt.Printf("請輸入起始頁(大於等於1):") fmt.Scan(&start) fmt.Printf("請輸入終止頁(大於等於起始頁):") fmt.Scan(&end) DoWork(start, end)//工作函式 }