目的

由於Windows C++ 沒有現成的Windows server程式的開發框架，而C#則有，所以為了方便大家以及我以後使用C++更方便的開發Windows server程式，特意寫此文。

主要程式碼如下

CppWindowsService.cpp檔案

#pragma region Includes
#include <stdio.h>
#include <windows.h>
#include "ServiceInstaller.h"
#include "ServiceBase.h"
#include "SampleService.h"
#pragma endregion



// Internal name of the service
#define SERVICE_NAME             L"CppWindowsService"

// Displayed name of the service
#define SERVICE_DISPLAY_NAME     L"CppWindowsService Sample Service"

// Service start options.
#define SERVICE_START_TYPE       SERVICE_AUTO_START

// List of service dependencies - "dep1\0dep2\0\0"
#define SERVICE_DEPENDENCIES     L""

// The name of the account under which the service should run
#define SERVICE_ACCOUNT          L"NT AUTHORITY\\LocalService"

// The password to the service account name
#define SERVICE_PASSWORD         NULL


//
//  FUNCTION: wmain(int, wchar_t *[])
//
//  PURPOSE: entrypoint for the application.
// 
//  PARAMETERS:
//    argc - number of command line arguments
//    argv - array of command line arguments
//
//  RETURN VALUE:
//    none
//
//  COMMENTS:
//    wmain() either performs the command line task, or run the service.
//
int wmain(int argc, wchar_t *argv[])
{
	//MessageBoxA(nullptr, "1", "1", MB_OK);

    if ((argc > 1) && ((*argv[1] == L'-' || (*argv[1] == L'/'))))
    {
        if (_wcsicmp(L"install", argv[1] + 1) == 0)
        {
            // Install the service when the command is 
            // "-install" or "/install".
            InstallService(
                SERVICE_NAME,               // Name of service
                SERVICE_DISPLAY_NAME,       // Name to display
                SERVICE_START_TYPE,         // Service start type
                SERVICE_DEPENDENCIES,       // Dependencies 
                SERVICE_ACCOUNT,            // Service running account
                SERVICE_PASSWORD            // Password of the account
                );

			//MessageBoxA(nullptr, "install", "install", MB_OK);
        }
        else if (_wcsicmp(L"remove", argv[1] + 1) == 0)
        {
            // Uninstall the service when the command is 
            // "-remove" or "/remove".
            UninstallService(SERVICE_NAME);

			//MessageBoxA(nullptr, "remove", "remove", MB_OK);
        }
    }
    else
    {
        wprintf(L"Parameters:\n");
        wprintf(L" -install  to install the service.\n");
        wprintf(L" -remove   to remove the service.\n");

        CSampleService service(SERVICE_NAME);
        if (!CServiceBase::Run(service))
        {
            wprintf(L"Service failed to run w/err 0x%08lx\n", GetLastError());
        }

		//MessageBoxA(nullptr, "run", "run", MB_OK);
    }

    return 0;
}
 

ServiceInstaller.cpp檔案

#pragma region "Includes"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <windows.h>
#include "ServiceInstaller.h"
#pragma endregion


//
//   FUNCTION: InstallService
//
//   PURPOSE: Install the current application as a service to the local 
//   service control manager database.
//
//   PARAMETERS:
//   * pszServiceName - the name of the service to be installed
//   * pszDisplayName - the display name of the service
//   * dwStartType - the service start option. This parameter can be one of 
//     the following values: SERVICE_AUTO_START, SERVICE_BOOT_START, 
//     SERVICE_DEMAND_START, SERVICE_DISABLED, SERVICE_SYSTEM_START.
//   * pszDependencies - a pointer to a double null-terminated array of null-
//     separated names of services or load ordering groups that the system 
//     must start before this service.
//   * pszAccount - the name of the account under which the service runs.
//   * pszPassword - the password to the account name.
//
//   NOTE: If the function fails to install the service, it prints the error 
//   in the standard output stream for users to diagnose the problem.
//
void InstallService(PWSTR pszServiceName, 
                    PWSTR pszDisplayName, 
                    DWORD dwStartType,
                    PWSTR pszDependencies, 
                    PWSTR pszAccount, 
                    PWSTR pszPassword)
{
    wchar_t szPath[MAX_PATH];
    SC_HANDLE schSCManager = NULL;
    SC_HANDLE schService = NULL;

    if (GetModuleFileName(NULL, szPath, ARRAYSIZE(szPath)) == 0)
    {
        wprintf(L"GetModuleFileName failed w/err 0x%08lx\n", GetLastError());
        goto Cleanup;
    }

    // Open the local default service control manager database
    schSCManager = OpenSCManager(NULL, NULL, SC_MANAGER_CONNECT | 
        SC_MANAGER_CREATE_SERVICE);
    if (schSCManager == NULL)
    {
        wprintf(L"OpenSCManager failed w/err 0x%08lx\n", GetLastError());
        goto Cleanup;
    }

    // Install the service into SCM by calling CreateService
    schService = CreateService(
        schSCManager,                   // SCManager database
        pszServiceName,                 // Name of service
        pszDisplayName,                 // Name to display
        SERVICE_QUERY_STATUS,           // Desired access
        SERVICE_WIN32_OWN_PROCESS,      // Service type
        dwStartType,                    // Service start type
        SERVICE_ERROR_NORMAL,           // Error control type
        szPath,                         // Service's binary
        NULL,                           // No load ordering group
        NULL,                           // No tag identifier
        pszDependencies,                // Dependencies
        pszAccount,                     // Service running account
        pszPassword                     // Password of the account
        );
    if (schService == NULL)
    {
        wprintf(L"CreateService failed w/err 0x%08lx\n", GetLastError());
        goto Cleanup;
    }

    wprintf(L"%s is installed.\n", pszServiceName);

Cleanup:
    // Centralized cleanup for all allocated resources.
    if (schSCManager)
    {
        CloseServiceHandle(schSCManager);
        schSCManager = NULL;
    }
    if (schService)
    {
        CloseServiceHandle(schService);
        schService = NULL;
    }
}


//
//   FUNCTION: UninstallService
//
//   PURPOSE: Stop and remove the service from the local service control 
//   manager database.
//
//   PARAMETERS: 
//   * pszServiceName - the name of the service to be removed.
//
//   NOTE: If the function fails to uninstall the service, it prints the 
//   error in the standard output stream for users to diagnose the problem.
//
void UninstallService(PWSTR pszServiceName)
{
    SC_HANDLE schSCManager = NULL;
    SC_HANDLE schService = NULL;
    SERVICE_STATUS ssSvcStatus = {};

    // Open the local default service control manager database
    schSCManager = OpenSCManager(NULL, NULL, SC_MANAGER_CONNECT);
    if (schSCManager == NULL)
    {
        wprintf(L"OpenSCManager failed w/err 0x%08lx\n", GetLastError());
        goto Cleanup;
    }

    // Open the service with delete, stop, and query status permissions
    schService = OpenService(schSCManager, pszServiceName, SERVICE_STOP | 
        SERVICE_QUERY_STATUS | DELETE);
    if (schService == NULL)
    {
        wprintf(L"OpenService failed w/err 0x%08lx\n", GetLastError());
        goto Cleanup;
    }

    // Try to stop the service
    if (ControlService(schService, SERVICE_CONTROL_STOP, &ssSvcStatus))
    {
        wprintf(L"Stopping %s.", pszServiceName);
        Sleep(1000);

        while (QueryServiceStatus(schService, &ssSvcStatus))
        {
            if (ssSvcStatus.dwCurrentState == SERVICE_STOP_PENDING)
            {
                wprintf(L".");
                Sleep(1000);
            }
            else break;
        }

        if (ssSvcStatus.dwCurrentState == SERVICE_STOPPED)
        {
            wprintf(L"\n%s is stopped.\n", pszServiceName);
        }
        else
        {
            wprintf(L"\n%s failed to stop.\n", pszServiceName);
        }
    }

    // Now remove the service by calling DeleteService.
    if (!DeleteService(schService))
    {
        wprintf(L"DeleteService failed w/err 0x%08lx\n", GetLastError());
        goto Cleanup;
    }

    wprintf(L"%s is removed.\n", pszServiceName);

Cleanup:
    // Centralized cleanup for all allocated resources.
    if (schSCManager)
    {
        CloseServiceHandle(schSCManager);
        schSCManager = NULL;
    }
    if (schService)
    {
        CloseServiceHandle(schService);
        schService = NULL;
    }
}
 

SampleService.cpp

這個類也是自己要實現的功能，根據自己的需要來定義函式即可。

#pragma region Includes
#include "SampleService.h"
#include "ThreadPool.h"
#pragma endregion


CSampleService::CSampleService(PWSTR pszServiceName, 
                               BOOL fCanStop, 
                               BOOL fCanShutdown, 
                               BOOL fCanPauseContinue)
: CServiceBase(pszServiceName, fCanStop, fCanShutdown, fCanPauseContinue)
{
    m_fStopping = FALSE;

    // Create a manual-reset event that is not signaled at first to indicate 
    // the stopped signal of the service.
    m_hStoppedEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, TRUE, FALSE, NULL);
    if (m_hStoppedEvent == NULL)
    {
        throw GetLastError();
    }
}


CSampleService::~CSampleService(void)
{
    if (m_hStoppedEvent)
    {
        CloseHandle(m_hStoppedEvent);
        m_hStoppedEvent = NULL;
    }
}


//
//   FUNCTION: CSampleService::OnStart(DWORD, LPWSTR *)
//
//   PURPOSE: The function is executed when a Start command is sent to the 
//   service by the SCM or when the operating system starts (for a service 
//   that starts automatically). It specifies actions to take when the 
//   service starts. In this code sample, OnStart logs a service-start 
//   message to the Application log, and queues the main service function for 
//   execution in a thread pool worker thread.
//
//   PARAMETERS:
//   * dwArgc   - number of command line arguments
//   * lpszArgv - array of command line arguments
//
//   NOTE: A service application is designed to be long running. Therefore, 
//   it usually polls or monitors something in the system. The monitoring is 
//   set up in the OnStart method. However, OnStart does not actually do the 
//   monitoring. The OnStart method must return to the operating system after 
//   the service's operation has begun. It must not loop forever or block. To 
//   set up a simple monitoring mechanism, one general solution is to create 
//   a timer in OnStart. The timer would then raise events in your code 
//   periodically, at which time your service could do its monitoring. The 
//   other solution is to spawn a new thread to perform the main service 
//   functions, which is demonstrated in this code sample.
//
void CSampleService::OnStart(DWORD dwArgc, LPWSTR *lpszArgv)
{
    // Log a service start message to the Application log.
    WriteEventLogEntry(L"CppWindowsService in OnStart", 
        EVENTLOG_INFORMATION_TYPE);

	//MessageBoxA(nullptr, "OnStart", "OnStart", MB_OK);

    // Queue the main service function for execution in a worker thread.
    CThreadPool::QueueUserWorkItem(&CSampleService::ServiceWorkerThread, this);
}


//
//   FUNCTION: CSampleService::ServiceWorkerThread(void)
//
//   PURPOSE: The method performs the main function of the service. It runs 
//   on a thread pool worker thread.
//
void CSampleService::ServiceWorkerThread(void)
{
    // Periodically check if the service is stopping.
    while (!m_fStopping)
    {
        // Perform main service function here...

        ::Sleep(2000);  // Simulate some lengthy operations.
    }

    // Signal the stopped event.
    SetEvent(m_hStoppedEvent);
}


//
//   FUNCTION: CSampleService::OnStop(void)
//
//   PURPOSE: The function is executed when a Stop command is sent to the 
//   service by SCM. It specifies actions to take when a service stops 
//   running. In this code sample, OnStop logs a service-stop message to the 
//   Application log, and waits for the finish of the main service function.
//
//   COMMENTS:
//   Be sure to periodically call ReportServiceStatus() with 
//   SERVICE_STOP_PENDING if the procedure is going to take long time. 
//
void CSampleService::OnStop()
{
    // Log a service stop message to the Application log.
    WriteEventLogEntry(L"CppWindowsService in OnStop", 
        EVENTLOG_INFORMATION_TYPE);

	//MessageBoxA(nullptr, "OnStop", "OnStop", MB_OK);

    // Indicate that the service is stopping and wait for the finish of the 
    // main service function (ServiceWorkerThread).
    m_fStopping = TRUE;
    if (WaitForSingleObject(m_hStoppedEvent, INFINITE) != WAIT_OBJECT_0)
    {
        throw GetLastError();
    }
}
 

注意點

服務程式一定不能放到桌面上，因為所有的服務程式起痘都是在桌面程式起痘之前，所以如果放到桌面上，將會導致載入不到該檔案，提示檔案被拒絕。