Spring --03.Spring配置檔案
阿新 • • 發佈：2018-12-20
1、約束
Spring核心配置檔案約束可以在doc文件中查詢到、約束 如下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> <bean id="..." class="..."> <!-- collaborators and configuration for this bean go here --> </bean> <bean id="..." class="..."> <!-- collaborators and configuration for this bean go here --> </bean> <!-- more bean definitions go here --> </beans>
2、id屬性
id屬性是bean的唯一標識
3、class屬性
class為Bean類的全路徑名、當我們在測試類中找到上面id、在從這個id找到class對應的類、從而建立物件
4、scope屬性
Scope屬性代表Bean的作用範圍
singleton:單例（預設值）
prototype:多例， 在Spring框架整合Struts2框架的時候，Action類也需要交給Spring做管理，配置把Action類配置成多例！！
request:應用在web工程中 ，將建立的物件存入到request域中。
session:應用在web工程中， 將建立的物件存入到session域中。
globalsession:應用在porlet環境下使用。將建立的物件存入到全域性的session中。
修改applicationContext.xml 將UserDaoImpl的作用域改為prototype
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> <bean id="userDaos" class="com.day01.dao.Impl.UserDaoImpl" scope="prototype"></bean> </beans>
測試類TestIoc.java
package com.day01.test;
import com.day01.dao.UserDao;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanFactory;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.FileSystemXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource;
/**
* @ Author ：ShaoWei Sun.
* @ Date ：Created in 19:30 2018/11/7
*/
public class TestIoC {
@Test
public void test4(){
ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
UserDao userDao = (UserDao) ac.getBean("userDaos");
UserDao userDao1 = (UserDao) ac.getBean("userDaos");
System.out.println(userDao==userDao1);
}
}
5、init-method屬性
當bean被載入到容器的時候呼叫init-method屬性指定的方法
applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean id="userDaos" class="com.day01.dao.Impl.UserDaoImpl" init-method="init"></bean>
</beans>UserDaoImpl.java提供init-method對應的init方法
package com.day01.dao.Impl;
import com.day01.dao.UserDao;
/**
* @ Author ：ShaoWei Sun.
* @ Date ：Created in 19:28 2018/11/7
*/
public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao {
public UserDaoImpl(){
System.out.println("呼叫了無參構造方法。。。");
}
public void init(){
System.out.println("呼叫了init方法。。。。。");
}
@Override
public void save() {
System.out.println("持久層。。。。操作");
}
}
測試類TestIoc.java
package com.day01.test;
import com.day01.dao.UserDao;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanFactory;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.FileSystemXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource;
/**
* @ Author ：ShaoWei Sun.
* @ Date ：Created in 19:30 2018/11/7
*/
public class TestIoC {
/**
* 建立ioc容器時就已把物件建立好了
*/
@Test
public void test1(){
//建立Spring工廠（建立 IOC容器）
ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
System.out.println("--------------");
UserDao userDao = (UserDao) ac.getBean("userDaos");
userDao.save();
}
}
6、destroy-method屬性
當bean從容器中刪除的時候呼叫destroy-method屬性指定的方法
使用條件：
1）scope=singleton 有效
2）web容器中會自動呼叫，但是main函式或測試用例需要手動呼叫（需要使用ClassPathXmlApplicationContext的close()方法）
applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean id="userDaos" class="com.day01.dao.Impl.UserDaoImpl" scope="singleton" init-method="init" destroy-method="destroy"></bean>
</beans>UserDaoImpl.java
package com.day01.dao.Impl;
import com.day01.dao.UserDao;
/**
* @ Author ：ShaoWei Sun.
* @ Date ：Created in 19:28 2018/11/7
*/
public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao {
public UserDaoImpl(){
System.out.println("呼叫了無參構造方法。。。");
}
public void init(){
System.out.println("呼叫了init方法。。。。");
}
@Override
public void save() {
System.out.println("持久層。。。。操作");
}
public void destroy(){
System.out.println("呼叫了銷燬方法.....");
}
}
測試類TestIoc.java
package com.day01.test;
import com.day01.dao.UserDao;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanFactory;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.FileSystemXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource;
/**
* @ Author ：ShaoWei Sun.
* @ Date ：Created in 19:30 2018/11/7
*/
public class TestIoC {
/**
* 建立ioc容器時就已把物件建立好了
*/
@Test
public void test1(){
//建立Spring工廠（建立 IOC容器）
ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
System.out.println("--------------");
UserDao userDao = (UserDao) ac.getBean("userDaos");
userDao.save();
((ClassPathXmlApplicationContext) ac).close();
}
}
