基於GTID的MySQL主從配置
阿新 • • 發佈：2018-12-21
GTID原理
配置環境
- 已關閉防火牆、selinux；
- 所用IP地址如下：
| IP地址 | 角色 | 安裝專案 |
|---|---|---|
| 192.168.91.133 | master | MySQL |
| 192.168.91.134 | slave | MySQL |
配置步驟
- 編輯主（master）/etc/my.cnf配置檔案
[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf ...... ##bin log server-id=1 log-bin=master-bin binlog-format=row log-slave-updates=1 ##gtid gtid-mode=on enforce-gtid-consistency=on ##relay log skip-slave-start=1
- 編輯從（salve）/etc/my.cnf配置檔案
[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
......
## bin log
server-id=2
log-bin=slave-bin
binlog-format=row
log-slave-updates=1
##gtid
gtid-mode=on
enforce-gtid-consistency=on
##relay log
skip-slave-start=1
- 登入主（master）和從（slave）伺服器，建立同步使用者並授權
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'repl'@'192.168.91.%' identified by '123456'; Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec) mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
- 重新啟動主伺服器，並檢視主的master狀態
[[email protected] ~]# mysql -e "show master status"
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| master-bin.000001 | 154 | | | |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
[ - 重新啟動從伺服器，並檢視從的master狀態
[[email protected] ~]# mysql -e "show master status"
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| slave-bin.000001 | 154 | | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
- 在從（slave）伺服器上配置同步，並開啟同步
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.91.133',
-> MASTER_USER='repl',
-> MASTER_PASSWORD='123456',
-> MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.02 sec)
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
- 檢視從（slave）伺服器同步的服務狀態
mysql> show slave status \G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.91.133
Master_User: repl
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: master-bin.000001
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 154
Relay_Log_File: localhost-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 369
Relay_Master_Log_File: master-bin.000001
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 154
Relay_Log_Space: 580
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 1
Master_UUID: f67a09f1-e624-11e8-b3ac-000c29405190
Master_Info_File: /opt/data/master.info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
Auto_Position: 1
Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
Channel_Name:
Master_TLS_Version:
- 在主（master）伺服器上設定同步配置，並開啟同步
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.91.134',
-> MASTER_USER='repl',
-> MASTER_PASSWORD='123456',
-> MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.02 sec)
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
- 檢視主（master）伺服器同步狀態
mysql> show slave status \G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.91.134
Master_User: repl
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: slave-bin.000001
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 154
Relay_Log_File: localhost-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 367
Relay_Master_Log_File: slave-bin.000001
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 154
Relay_Log_Space: 578
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 2
Master_UUID: f83b6831-e624-11e8-9d20-005056337520
Master_Info_File: /opt/data/master.info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
Auto_Position: 1
Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
Channel_Name:
Master_TLS_Version:
測試
- 在主（master）伺服器上建立資料庫進行測試
mysql> create database test;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
| test |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
-在從（slave）伺服器上檢視
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
| test |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
- 檢視主（master）伺服器的master狀態
mysql> show master status;
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+----------------------------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+----------------------------------------+
| master-bin.000001 | 313 | | | f67a09f1-e624-11e8-b3ac-000c29405190:1 |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+----------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
- 在從（slave）伺服器上刪除剛剛建立的資料庫
mysql> drop database test;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
- 在主（master）伺服器上進行檢視
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
- 檢視從（slave）伺服器的master狀態
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| slave-bin.000001 | 463 | | | f67a09f1-e624-11e8-b3ac-000c29405190:1,f83b6831-e624-11e8-9d20-005056337520:1 |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)