LINUX7 CentOS7 上安裝Oracle 12C
原創作品,出自 “深藍的blog” 部落格,歡迎轉載,轉載時請務必註明以下出處,否則追究版權法律責任。
實驗環境:Oracle VM VirtualBox 4.2.12
作業系統:CentOS 7(LINUX7)64bit
資料庫:Oracle 12C 64bit
實驗目標:熟悉LINUX7下安裝Oracle12C
操作演示:
(1)、安裝Linux7作業系統
略
(2)、官網下載oracle軟體包
略
(3)、下載oracle12C官方文件
略
(4)、上傳oracle軟體包至linux作業系統下
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(5)、安裝oracle
5.1 主機配置
--根據經驗,關閉一些無用的服務,否則安裝時可能會出現某些錯誤
#vi serverstop.sh
--編寫關閉服務指令碼
#sh serverstop.shchkconfig iptables offchkconfig ip6tables offchkconfig cups offchkconfig firstboot offchkconfig wpa_supplicant offchkconfig postfix offsed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/' /etc/selinux/configsed -i 's/^GSSAPIAuthentication yes$/GSSAPIAuthentication no/' /etc/ssh/sshd_configsed -i 's/#UseDNS yes/UseDNS no/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
--執行關閉服務指令碼
5.2 安裝包
解壓安裝包
[[email protected] /]# cd /software
[[email protected] software]# ls
linuxamd64_12c_database_1of2.zip linuxamd64_12c_database_2of2.zip
[[email protected] software]# unzip linuxamd64_12c_database_1of2.zip
[[email protected] software]# unzip linuxamd64_12c_database_2of2.zip
檢視官方文件,沒有找到LINUX7需安裝包的文件,找到了LINUX6需要安裝的包,以LINUX6作為參考,步驟如下:
在系統光碟中,按要求找到需要的包,下面是文件中要求安裝的64位的相關包:
The following packages (or later versions) must be installed:binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.11.el6 (x86_64)compat-libcap1-1.10-1 (x86_64)compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6 (x86_64)gcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)gcc-c++-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)glibc-2.12-1.7.el6 (x86_64)glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6 (x86_64)kshlibgcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)libstdc++-4.4.4-13.el6 (i686)libstdc++-devel-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)libaio-0.3.107-10.el6 (x86_64)libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6 (x86_64)libXext-1.1 (x86_64)libXtst-1.0.99.2 (x86_64)libX11-1.3 (x86_64)libXau-1.0.5 (x86_64)libxcb-1.5 (x86_64)libXi-1.3 (x86_64)make-3.81-19.el6sysstat-9.0.4-11.el6 (x86_64)
將找到的包上傳到linux系統下,對其進行安裝
[[email protected] package]# vi rpm.sh
rpm -ivh binutils-2.23.52.0.1-16.el7.x86_64.rpmrpm -ivh compat-libcap1-1.10-7.el7.x86_64.rpmrpm -ivh gcc-4.8.2-16.el7.x86_64.rpmrpm -ivh gcc-c++-4.8.2-16.el7.x86_64.rpmrpm -ivh glib2-devel-2.36.3-5.el7.x86_64.rpmrpm -ivh glibc-2.17-55.el7.x86_64.rpmrpm -ivh ksh-20120801-19.el7.x86_64.rpmrpm -ivh libaio-0.3.109-12.el7.x86_64.rpmrpm -ivh libaio-devel-0.3.109-12.el7.x86_64.rpmrpm -ivh libgcc-4.8.2-16.el7.x86_64.rpmrpm -ivh libstdc++-4.8.2-16.el7.x86_64.rpmrpm -ivh libstdc++-devel-4.8.2-16.el7.x86_64.rpmrpm -ivh libX11-1.6.0-2.1.el7.x86_64.rpmrpm -ivh libXau-1.0.8-2.1.el7.x86_64.rpmrpm -ivh libxcb-1.9-5.el7.x86_64.rpmrpm -ivh libXext-1.3.2-2.1.el7.x86_64.rpmrpm -ivh libXtst-1.2.2-2.1.el7.x86_64.rpmrpm -ivh make-3.82-21.el7.x86_64.rpmrpm -ivh sysstat-10.1.5-4.el7.x86_64.rpm
[[email protected] package]# sh rpm.sh
安裝呼叫圖形化需要的包,使用yum安裝下面的包
[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# yum -y install unixODBC
[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# yum -y install unixODBC-devel
[[email protected] scripts]# yum install -y xterm
--xterm這是呼叫圖形化用的包
5.3 新增使用者及相關目錄
[[email protected] /]# groupadd oinstall
[[email protected] /]# groupadd dba
[[email protected] /]# useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle
[[email protected] /]# passwd oracle
Changing password for user oracle.
New password:
BAD PASSWORD: The password is shorter than 8 characters
Retype new password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
[[email protected] /]# id oracle
uid=1001(oracle) gid=1001(oinstall) groups=1001(oinstall),1002(dba)
[[email protected] /]# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1
[[email protected] /]# mkdir -p /u01/app/oraInventory
[[email protected] /]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app
[[email protected] /]# chmod -R 775 /u01/app
5.4 配置核心引數
[[email protected] /]# vi /etc/sysctl.conf
# System default settings live in /usr/lib/sysctl.d/00-system.conf.# To override those settings, enter new settings here, or in an /etc/sysctl.d/<name>.conf file## For more information, see sysctl.conf(5) and sysctl.d(5).fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576fs.file-max = 6815744kernel.shmall = 2097152kernel.shmmax = 4294967295kernel.shmmni = 4096kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500net.core.rmem_default = 262144net.core.rmem_max = 4194304net.core.wmem_default = 262144net.core.wmem_max = 1048576~
[[email protected] /]# sysctl -p
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576fs.file-max = 6815744kernel.shmall = 2097152kernel.shmmax = 4294967295kernel.shmmni = 4096kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500net.core.rmem_default = 262144net.core.rmem_max = 4194304net.core.wmem_default = 262144net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
--修改系統限制
[[email protected] ~]# vi /etc/security/limits.conf
# End of fileoracle soft nproc 2047oracle hard nproc 16384oracle soft nofile 1024oracle hard nofile 65536
[[email protected] ~]# vi /etc/pam.d/login
session required /lib/security/pam_limits.sosession required pam_limits.so
[[email protected] ~]# vi /etc/profile
--新增以下引數
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then ulimit -p 16384 ulimit -n 65536 else ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536 fifi
5.5 切換到oracle使用者下,配置環境變數
[[email protected] /]# su - oracle
[[email protected] ~]$ vi .bash_profile
# .bash_profile# Get the aliases and functionsif [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then . ~/.bashrcfi# User specific environment and startup programs#PATH=$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin#export PATHORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracleORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.1.0/db_1ORACLE_SID=shenlanPATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/binLD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/usr/libexport ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID PATH LD_LIBRARY_PATH~~".bash_profile" 18L, 430C written
[[email protected] ~]$ source .bash_profile
5.6 安裝oracle軟體
遠端呼叫圖形安裝oracle軟體
此處使用的X-manager軟體
以下出現的錯誤忽略即可!!!
產生這個問題的原因是,12c的第一版本,還不支援linux7,因此需要手工解決這個問題。
[[email protected] stubs]# cd /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1/lib/stubs
[[email protected] stubs]# cp * /bak
[[email protected] bak]# rm -rf /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1/lib/stubs/*
[[email protected] bak]# cp /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1/rdbms/lib/env_rdbms.mk /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1/rdbms/lib/env_rdbms.mk.orig
[[email protected] bak]# vi /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1/rdbms/lib/env_rdbms.mk
176行
修改前:
LINKTTLIBS=$(LLIBCLNTSH) $(ORACLETTLIBS) $(LINKLDLIBS)
修改後:
LINKTTLIBS=$(LLIBCLNTSH) $(ORACLETTLIBS) $(LINKLDLIBS) -lons
279-280行
修改前:
LINK=$(FORT_CMD) $(PURECMDS) $(ORALD) $(LDFLAGS) $(COMPSOBJS)
LINK32=$(FORT_CMD) $(PURECMDS) $(ORALD) $(LDFLAGS32) $(COMPSOBJS)
修改後:
LINK=$(FORT_CMD) $(PURECMDS) $(ORALD) $(LDFLAGS) $(COMPSOBJS) -Wl,--no-as-needed
LINK32=$(FORT_CMD) $(PURECMDS) $(ORALD) $(LDFLAGS32) $(COMPSOBJS) -Wl,--no-as-needed
3041-3042行
修改前:
TG4PWD_LINKLINE= $(LINK) $(OPT) $(TG4PWDMAI) \
$(LLIBTHREAD) $(LLIBCLNTSH) $(LINKLDLIBS)
修改後:
TG4PWD_LINKLINE= $(LINK) $(OPT) $(TG4PWDMAI) \
$(LLIBTHREAD) $(LLIBCLNTSH) $(LINKLDLIBS) -lnnz12
修改後,點選Retry,如下:
手工修正後,繼續安裝。
[[email protected] bak]# /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
Changing permissions of /u01/app/oraInventory.
Adding read,write permissions for group.
Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.
Changing groupname of /u01/app/oraInventory to oinstall.
The execution of the script is complete.
[[email protected] bak]# /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1/root.sh
Performing root user operation for Oracle 12c
The following environment variables are set as:
ORACLE_OWNER= oracle
ORACLE_HOME= /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1
Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]:
Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...
Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
Creating /etc/oratab file...
Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.
至此,oracle軟體安裝完成。
5.7 dbca建庫
使用X-manager呼叫圖形化介面。
[[email protected] ~]$ xhost +
access control disabled, clients can connect from any host
[[email protected] ~]$ dbca
5.8 配置監聽
[[email protected] ~]$ netca
驗證監聽狀態,如下:
[[email protected] ~]$ lsnrctl status
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.1.0.1.0 - Production on 12-APR-2015 17:12:03
Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=hyldb)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.1.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date 12-APR-2015 17:03:10
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 8 min. 54 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/hyldb/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=hyldb)(PORT=1521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcps)(HOST=hyldb)(PORT=5500))(Security=(my_wallet_directory=/u01/app/oracle/admin/shenlan/xdb_wallet))(Presentation=HTTP)(Session=RAW))
Services Summary...
Service "shenlan" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "shenlan", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "shenlanXDB" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "shenlan", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
5.9 配置Net Configuration Assistant
[[email protected] ~]$ netca
簡單演示:
[[email protected] ~]$ sqlplus scott/[email protected]
SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.1.0 Production on Sun Apr 12 17:14:44 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Last Successful login time: Sun Apr 12 2015 17:10:20 +08:00
Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options
SQL>
關於Net Configuration Assistant的配置一般是在客戶端進行配置,此處只作為一種演示。
至此,在LINUX7下安裝Oracle12C完成。
原創作品,出自 “深藍的blog” 部落格,歡迎轉載,轉載時請務必註明以下出處,否則追究版權法律責任。