Java/JSP獲取客戶端網絡卡MAC地址的三種方法
java/jsp獲得客戶端(IE)網絡卡MAC地址的方法大概有三種。
1、通過命令方式,在客戶端執行Ipconfig 等等。(java/jsp)
2、通過ActiveX的方法。(jsp)
3、通過向137的埠傳送查詢指令的方法。(java/jsp)
簡介:
第一種方法,在真正用到時候不知道為什麼獲得mac地址的指令阻塞了,不往下繼續執行。而且速度是這三種方法中最慢的一種。
程式碼如下:
String sip=""; String smac=""; sip = request.getHeader("x-forwarded-for"); if(sip == null ||sip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(sip)) { sip = request.getHeader("proxy-Client-IP"); } if (sip == null || sip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(sip)) { sip = request.getHeader("WL-Proxy-Client-IP"); } if (sip == null ||sip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(sip)) { sip = request.getRemoteAddr(); } if(!"127.0.0.1".equals(sip)) //本機過濾掉 { Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("nbtstat -a " + sip); InputStreamReader ir = new InputStreamReader(process.getInputStream()); LineNumberReader input = new LineNumberReader(ir); String line; while ((line = input.readLine()) != null) if (line.indexOf("MAC Address") > 0) { smac = line.substring(line.indexOf("-") - 2); }
第二種方法是用ActiveX來獲得,速度比第一種方法快但是必須降低安全設定否則指令碼不被執行
IE設定如下
1.開啟IE瀏覽器 2.工具->Internet選項->安全 3.自定義級別(C)... 4.設定中對未標記為可安全執行指令碼的ActiveX控制元件初始化並執行指令碼 選中啟動(不安全)->每次不用點選"是"按鈕,推薦,當然你的機器不能上網際網路否則會有安全問題。 選中提示->每次都得點選"是"按鈕。 5.點選"確定"->"確定"按鈕 6.重新啟動IE瀏覽器設定生效
程式碼
<SCRIPT language=JScript event="OnCompleted(hResult,pErrorObject, pAsyncContext)" for=foo> document.forms[0].userMacAddr.value=unescape(MACAddr); </SCRIPT> <SCRIPT language=JScript event=OnObjectReady(objObject,objAsyncContext) for=foo> if(objObject.IPEnabled != null && objObject.IPEnabled != "undefined" && objObject.IPEnabled == true) { if(objObject.MACAddress != null && objObject.MACAddress != "undefined") MACAddr = objObject.MACAddress; } </SCRIPT> <META content="MSHTML 6.00.2800.1106" name=GENERATOR> ... <body> <OBJECT id=locator classid=CLSID:76A64158-CB41-11D1-8B02-00600806D9B6 VIEWASTEXT></OBJECT> <OBJECT id=foo classid=CLSID:75718C9A-F029-11d1-A1AC-00C04FB6C223></OBJECT> <SCRIPT language=JScript> var service = locator.ConnectServer(); var MACAddr ; service.Security_.ImpersonationLevel=3; service.InstancesOfAsync(foo, 'Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration'); </SCRIPT> ... <td height="20" align="center">標 識:</td> <td><input value="no" name="userMacAddr" size="20" style="width:150px" readonly="yes"></td>
第三種方法是用UDP協議來發送查詢mac指令然後返回值中解析mac。個人認為這是最好的方法(暫時)速度最快
<% String smac = ""; String sip = request.getHeader("x-forwarded-for"); if(sip == null || sip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(sip)) { sip = request.getHeader("Proxy-Client-IP"); } if(sip == null || sip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(sip)) { sip = request.getHeader("WL-Proxy-Client-IP"); } if(sip == null || sip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(sip)) { sip = request.getRemoteAddr(); } UdpGetClientMacAddr umac = new UdpGetClientMacAddr(sip); smac = umac.GetRemoteMacAddr(); %> ... <input value=<%=smac %> name="userMacAddr" size="20" style="width:150px" readonly="yes">
UdpGetClientMacAddr.java
package zyj;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetAddress;
/**
* 主機A向主機B傳送“UDP-NetBIOS-NS”詢問包,即向主機B的137埠,發Query包來詢問主機B的NetBIOS Names資訊。
* 其次,主機B接收到“UDP-NetBIOS-NS”詢問包,假設主機B正確安裝了NetBIOS服務........... 而且137埠開放,
則主機B會向主機A傳送一個“UDP-NetBIOS-NS”應答包,即發Answer包給主機A。
* 並利用UDP(NetBIOS Name Service)來快速獲取遠端主機MAC地址的方法
*
* @author WINDY
*/
public class UdpGetClientMacAddr {
private String sRemoteAddr;
private int iRemotePort=137;
private byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
private DatagramSocket ds=null;
public UdpGetClientMacAddr(String strAddr) throws Exception{
sRemoteAddr = strAddr;
ds = new DatagramSocket();
}
protected final DatagramPacket send(final byte[] bytes) throws IOException {
DatagramPacket dp = new DatagramPacket(bytes,bytes.length,InetAddress.getByName(sRemoteAddr),iRemotePort);
ds.send(dp);
return dp;
}
protected final DatagramPacket receive() throws Exception {
DatagramPacket dp = new DatagramPacket(buffer,buffer.length);
ds.receive(dp);
return dp;
}
// 詢問包結構:
// Transaction ID 兩位元組(16位) 0x00 0x00
// Flags 兩位元組(16位) 0x00 0x10
// Questions 兩位元組(16位) 0x00 0x01
// AnswerRRs 兩位元組(16位) 0x00 0x00
// AuthorityRRs 兩位元組(16位) 0x00 0x00
// AdditionalRRs 兩位元組(16位) 0x00 0x00
// Name:array [1..34] 0x20 0x43 0x4B 0x41(30個) 0x00 ;
// Type:NBSTAT 兩位元組 0x00 0x21
// Class:INET 兩位元組(16位)0x00 0x01
protected byte[] GetQueryCmd() throws Exception {
byte[] t_ns = new byte[50];
t_ns[0] = 0x00;
t_ns[1] = 0x00;
t_ns[2] = 0x00;
t_ns[3] = 0x10;
t_ns[4] = 0x00;
t_ns[5] = 0x01;
t_ns[6] = 0x00;
t_ns[7] = 0x00;
t_ns[8] = 0x00;
t_ns[9] = 0x00;
t_ns[10] = 0x00;
t_ns[11] = 0x00;
t_ns[12] = 0x20;
t_ns[13] = 0x43;
t_ns[14] = 0x4B;
for(int i = 15; i < 45; i++)
{
t_ns[i] = 0x41;
}
t_ns[45] = 0x00;
t_ns[46] = 0x00;
t_ns[47] = 0x21;
t_ns[48] = 0x00;
t_ns[49] = 0x01;
return t_ns;
}
// 表1 “UDP-NetBIOS-NS”應答包的結構及主要欄位一覽表
// 序號 欄位名 長度
// 1 Transaction ID 兩位元組(16位)
// 2 Flags 兩位元組(16位)
// 3 Questions 兩位元組(16位)
// 4 AnswerRRs 兩位元組(16位)
// 5 AuthorityRRs 兩位元組(16位)
// 6 AdditionalRRs 兩位元組(16位)
// 7 Name<Workstation/Redirector> 34位元組(272位)
// 8 Type:NBSTAT 兩位元組(16位)
// 9 Class:INET 兩位元組(16位)
// 10 Time To Live 四位元組(32位)
// 11 Length 兩位元組(16位)
// 12 Number of name 一個位元組(8位)
// NetBIOS Name Info 18×Number Of Name位元組
// Unit ID 6位元組(48位
protected final String GetMacAddr(byte[] brevdata) throws Exception {
// 獲取計算機名
int i = brevdata[56] * 18 + 56;
String sAddr="";
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(17);
// 先從第56位元組位置,讀出Number Of Names(NetBIOS名字的個數,其中每個NetBIOS Names Info部分佔18個位元組)
// 然後可計算出“Unit ID”欄位的位置=56+Number Of Names×18,最後從該位置起連續讀取6個位元組,就是目的主機的MAC地址。
for(int j = 1; j < 7;j++)
{
sAddr = Integer.toHexString(0xFF & brevdata[i+j]);
if(sAddr.length() < 2)
{
sb.append(0);
}
sb.append(sAddr.toUpperCase());
if(j < 6) sb.append(':');
}
return sb.toString();
}
public final void close() {
try
{
ds.close();
}
catch (Exception ex){
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
public final String GetRemoteMacAddr() throws Exception {
byte[] bqcmd = GetQueryCmd();
send(bqcmd);
DatagramPacket dp = receive();
String smac = GetMacAddr(dp.getData());
close();
return smac;
}
}
// 獲取真實IP的方法(). jsp
public String getIpAddr(HttpServletRequest request) {
String ip = request.getHeader("x-forwarded-for");
if(ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
ip = request.getHeader("Proxy-Client-IP");
}
if(ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
ip = request.getHeader("WL-Proxy-Client-IP");
}
if(ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
ip = request.getRemoteAddr();
}
return ip;
}
補充: 關於獲取IP地址的方式,最近在linux下有一個教訓,如果單純通過InetAddress來獲取IP地址,就會出現在不同的機器上IP地址不同的問題。 InetAddress.getLocalHost().getAddress() 實際上是根據hostname來獲取IP地址的。linux系統在剛剛裝完預設的hostname是localhost,所以通過上面程式碼獲取到的本機 ip就是127.0.0.1, 相對應,比如我的hostname就是rjlin.atsig.com 返回的ip地址確是atsig.com的地址。暫時採用下面程式碼來處理,當然還不夠靈活:
public static byte[] getIp() throws UnknownHostException {
byte[] b = InetAddress.getLocalHost().getAddress();
Enumeration allNetInterfaces = null;
try {
allNetInterfaces = NetworkInterface.getNetworkInterfaces();
} catch (SocketException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
InetAddress ip = null;
NetworkInterface netInterface = null;
while (allNetInterfaces.hasMoreElements()) {
netInterface = (NetworkInterface) allNetInterfaces.nextElement();
if (netInterface.getName().trim().equals("eth0")){
Enumeration addresses = netInterface.getInetAddresses();
while (addresses.hasMoreElements()) {
ip = (InetAddress) addresses.nextElement();
}
break;
}
}
if (ip != null && ip instanceof Inet4Address) {
return b = ip.getAddress();
}
return b;
}