Spring JdbcTemplate + transactionTemplate 簡單示例 (零配置)
阿新 • • 發佈：2018-12-21
jdbcTemplate簡介
Spring對資料庫的操作在jdbc上面做了深層次的封裝，使用spring的注入功能，可以把DataSource註冊到JdbcTemplate之中。
JdbcTemplate位於
中。其全限定命名為org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate。要使用JdbcTemlate還需一個
這個包包含了一下事務和異常控制。
JdbcTemplate主要提供以下五類方法：
-
execute方法：可以用於執行任何SQL語句，一般用於執行DDL語句；
-
update方法及batchUpdate方法：update方法用於執行新增、修改、刪除等語句；batchUpdate方法用於執行批處理相關語句；
-
query方法及queryForXXX方法：用於執行查詢相關語句；
-
call方法：用於執行儲存過程、函式相關語句。
新增依賴 （spring-jdbc ，資料庫驅動，資料庫連線池）
1 <!--MariaDB 資料庫驅動 --> 2 <dependency> 3 <groupId>org.mariadb.jdbc</groupId> 4 <artifactId>mariadb-java-client</artifactId> 5 <version>2.3.0</version> 6 </dependency> 7 8 <!--c3p0 資料庫連線池--> 9 <dependency> 10 <groupId>com.mchange</groupId> 11 <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId> 12 <version>0.9.5.2</version> 13 </dependency> 14 15 <dependency> 16 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> 17 <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> 18 <version>5.1.3.RELEASE</version> 19 </dependency>
檔案結構：
entity 包 類 程式碼
1 package com.oukele.entity; 2 3 public class User { 4 private String userName; 5 private String password; 6 7 public User() { 8 } 9 10 public User(String userName, String password) { 11 this.userName = userName; 12 this.password = password; 13 } 14 15 public String getUserName() { 16 return userName; 17 } 18 19 public void setUserName(String userName) { 20 this.userName = userName; 21 } 22 23 public String getPassword() { 24 return password; 25 } 26 27 public void setPassword(String password) { 28 this.password = password; 29 } 30 31 @Override 32 public String toString() { 33 return "User{" + 34 "userName='" + userName + '\'' + 35 ", password='" + password + '\'' + 36 '}'; 37 } 38 }
jdbcTemplate包 各類 程式碼
JDBCTemplateConfig 類
1 package com.oukele.jdbcTemplate; 2 3 import com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource; 4 import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; 5 import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan; 6 import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; 7 import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource; 8 import org.springframework.core.env.Environment; 9 import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate; 10 import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager; 11 import org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager; 12 import org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionTemplate; 13 14 import javax.sql.DataSource; 15 import java.beans.PropertyVetoException; 16 17 @Configuration 18 @PropertySource(value = "classpath:jdbc.properties")//載入資源 19 @ComponentScan(basePackages = "com.oukele.jdbcTemplate")//掃描 spring 註解 20 public class JDBCTemplateConfig { 21 22 //資料來源 23 @Bean 24 DataSource dataSource(Environment env) throws PropertyVetoException { 25 ComboPooledDataSource dataSource = new ComboPooledDataSource(); 26 dataSource.setDriverClass(env.getProperty("jdbc.driver")); 27 dataSource.setJdbcUrl(env.getProperty("jdbc.url")); 28 dataSource.setUser(env.getProperty("jdbc.user")); 29 dataSource.setPassword(env.getProperty("jdbc.password")); 30 return dataSource; 31 } 32 //jdbc 模板 33 @Bean 34 JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate (DataSource dataSource){ 35 return new JdbcTemplate(dataSource); 36 } 37 //事務管理器 38 @Bean 39 DataSourceTransactionManager transactionManager(DataSource dataSource){//事務管理 40 return new DataSourceTransactionManager(dataSource); 41 } 42 //事務模板 43 @Bean 44 TransactionTemplate transactionTemplate(PlatformTransactionManager platformTransactionManager){ 45 return new TransactionTemplate(platformTransactionManager); 46 } 47 48 49 50 51 52 }
UserDao類
package com.oukele.jdbcTemplate; import com.oukele.entity.User; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcOperations; import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository; import org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionTemplate; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; @Repository public class UserDao { @Autowired private JdbcOperations jdbcOperations; @Autowired private TransactionTemplate transactionTemplate; public List<Map<String, Object>> getToList () { List<Map<String, Object>> maps = jdbcOperations.queryForList("select * from user"); return maps; } public Map<String, Object> getToMap () { String sql = "select * from user where userName = ?"; Map<String, Object> ret = jdbcOperations.queryForMap(sql, "oukele1"); return ret; } public User getToUser () { String sql = "select * from user where userName = 'oukele'"; User user = jdbcOperations.queryForObject( sql, (rs, rowNum) -> new User(rs.getString(1),rs.getString(2)) ); return user; } public int create(String userName, String password) { transactionTemplate.execute(status ->{ String sql = "insert into user (userName, password) values (?, ?)"; String sq2 = "insert into user (userName, passord) values (?, ?)"; jdbcOperations.update(sq2,userName,password); return jdbcOperations.update(sql, userName, password); }); return 0; } }
Main類 (測試類)
1 package com.oukele.jdbcTemplate; 2 3 import com.oukele.entity.User; 4 import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext; 5 6 public class Main { 7 public static void main(String[] args) { 8 AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(JDBCTemplateConfig.class); 9 UserDao dao = context.getBean(UserDao.class); 10 11 System.out.println("------------------------- List -------------------------"); 12 System.out.println(dao.getToList()); 13 System.out.println("-------------------------鍵值對應-------------------------"); 14 System.out.println(dao.getToMap()); 15 System.out.println(); 16 User user = dao.getToUser(); 17 System.out.println(user); 18 System.out.println("-------------------------新增-------------------------"); 19 System.out.println(dao.create("JAVA", "123")); 20 21 } 22 }
jdbc.properties 資原始檔
1 jdbc.driver=org.mariadb.jdbc.Driver 2 jdbc.url=jdbc:mariadb://localhost:3306/test 3 jdbc.user=oukele 4 jdbc.password=oukele
測試結果：
------------------------- List -------------------------
[{userName=oukele, password=oukele}, {userName=oukele1, password=oukele}, {userName=JAVA, password=123}]
------------------------- 鍵值對應 -------------------------
{userName=oukele1, password=oukele}
------------------------ 物件資料 ------------------------------
User{userName='oukele', password='oukele'}
新增的時候，新增事務管理
資料庫資料：
執行效果：
-------------------------新增-------------------------
十二月 21, 2018 10:42:58 上午 com.mchange.v2.c3p0.impl.AbstractPoolBackedDataSource
資訊: Initializing c3p0 pool... com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource [ acquireIncrement -> 3, acquireRetryAttempts -> 30, acquireRetryDelay -> 1000, autoCommitOnClose -> false, automaticTestTable -> null, breakAfterAcquireFailure -> false, checkoutTimeout -> 0, connectionCustomizerClassName -> null, connectionTesterClassName -> com.mchange.v2.c3p0.impl.DefaultConnectionTester, contextClassLoaderSource -> caller, dataSourceName -> 1hge1v29z1lc434s1wp62cl|77167fb7, debugUnreturnedConnectionStackTraces -> false, description -> null, driverClass -> org.mariadb.jdbc.Driver, extensions -> {}, factoryClassLocation -> null, forceIgnoreUnresolvedTransactions -> false, forceSynchronousCheckins -> false, forceUseNamedDriverClass -> false, identityToken -> 1hge1v29z1lc434s1wp62cl|77167fb7, idleConnectionTestPeriod -> 0, initialPoolSize -> 3, jdbcUrl -> jdbc:mariadb://localhost:3306/test, maxAdministrativeTaskTime -> 0, maxConnectionAge -> 0, maxIdleTime -> 0, maxIdleTimeExcessConnections -> 0, maxPoolSize -> 15, maxStatements -> 0, maxStatementsPerConnection -> 0, minPoolSize -> 3, numHelperThreads -> 3, preferredTestQuery -> null, privilegeSpawnedThreads -> false, properties -> {user=******, password=******}, propertyCycle -> 0, statementCacheNumDeferredCloseThreads -> 0, testConnectionOnCheckin -> false, testConnectionOnCheckout -> false, unreturnedConnectionTimeout -> 0, userOverrides -> {}, usesTraditionalReflectiveProxies -> false ]
Exception in thread "main" org.springframework.jdbc.UncategorizedSQLException: PreparedStatementCallback; uncategorized SQLException for SQL [insert into user (userName, passord) values ('JavaScript', '2134')]; SQL state [null]; error code [0]; Could not set parameter at position 1 (values was 'JAVA1')
Query - conn:124(M) - "insert into user (userName, passord) values ('JavaScript', '2134')"; nested exception is java.sql.SQLException: Could not set parameter at position 1 (values was 'JAVA1')
Query - conn:124(M) - "insert into user (userName, passord) values ('JavaScript', '2134')"
at org.springframework.jdbc.support.AbstractFallbackSQLExceptionTranslator.translate(AbstractFallbackSQLExceptionTranslator.java:89)
at org.springframework.jdbc.support.AbstractFallbackSQLExceptionTranslator.translate(AbstractFallbackSQLExceptionTranslator.java:81)
at org.springframework.jdbc.support.AbstractFallbackSQLExceptionTranslator.translate(AbstractFallbackSQLExceptionTranslator.java:81)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.translateException(JdbcTemplate.java:1444)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.execute(JdbcTemplate.java:632)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.update(JdbcTemplate.java:862)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.update(JdbcTemplate.java:917)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.update(JdbcTemplate.java:927)
at com.oukele.jdbcTemplate.UserDao.lambda$create$1(UserDao.java:47)
at org.springframework.transaction.support.TransactionTemplate.execute(TransactionTemplate.java:140)
at com.oukele.jdbcTemplate.UserDao.create(UserDao.java:44)
at com.oukele.jdbcTemplate.Main.main(Main.java:19)
Caused by: java.sql.SQLException: Could not set parameter at position 1 (values was 'JAVA1')
Query - conn:124(M) - "insert into user (userName, passord) values ('JavaScript', '2134')"
at org.mariadb.jdbc.internal.util.exceptions.ExceptionMapper.getSqlException(ExceptionMapper.java:271)
at org.mariadb.jdbc.MariaDbPreparedStatementClient.setParameter(MariaDbPreparedStatementClient.java:480)
at org.mariadb.jdbc.BasePrepareStatement.setString(BasePrepareStatement.java:1533)
at com.mchange.v2.c3p0.impl.NewProxyPreparedStatement.setString(NewProxyPreparedStatement.java:540)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.StatementCreatorUtils.setValue(StatementCreatorUtils.java:400)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.StatementCreatorUtils.setParameterValueInternal(StatementCreatorUtils.java:232)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.StatementCreatorUtils.setParameterValue(StatementCreatorUtils.java:163)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.ArgumentPreparedStatementSetter.doSetValue(ArgumentPreparedStatementSetter.java:69)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.ArgumentPreparedStatementSetter.setValues(ArgumentPreparedStatementSetter.java:50)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.lambda$update$0(JdbcTemplate.java:865)
at org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate.execute(JdbcTemplate.java:617)
... 7 more
資料庫資料顯示：
其中有一條sql語法出錯 之前的操作全部回滾。
示例原始碼下載：https://github.com/oukele/Spring-JdbcTemplate-transactionTemplate