1. 程式人生 > >WPF入門之WPF載入和編譯xaml

WPF入門之WPF載入和編譯xaml

環境:vs2013

雖然WPF中主要使用xaml來寫介面,但是程式依然可以脫離xaml而獨自執行,下面說明使用三種不同的編碼方式來建立WPF應用程式:

1.只使用程式碼

這種方式比較極端,但也存在優勢。

程式碼示例:新建一個wpf應用程式,將工程中的xaml檔案以及xaml.cs檔案刪除,只留下App.config檔案,然後新建兩個類檔案,一個是Program.cs,另一個是MainWindow.cs

工程程式碼結構如圖:


Program.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows;

namespace 只使用程式碼
{
    public class Program : Application
    {
        [STAThread]
        public static void Main()
        {
            Program app = new Program();
            app.MainWindow = new MainWindow();
            app.MainWindow.ShowDialog();
        }
    }
}

MainWindow.cs
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Markup;

namespace 只使用程式碼
{
    class MainWindow : Window
    {
        private Button button1;
        public MainWindow()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void InitializeComponent()
        {
            //Configure the form
            this.Width = this.Height = 285;
            this.Left = this.Top = 100;
            this.Title = "Code-Only Window";

            //Create a container to hold a button
            DockPanel panel = new DockPanel();

            //Create the button
            button1 = new Button();
            button1.Content = "Please click me";
            button1.Margin = new Thickness(30);

            //Attach the event handler
            button1.Click += button1_Click;

            //Place the button in the panel
            IAddChild container = panel;
            container.AddChild(button1);

            container = this;
            container.AddChild(panel);
        }

        void button1_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            button1.Content = "Thank you";
        }

    }
}

執行效果:


2.使用程式碼和未經編譯的XAML

2.1 建立一個新wpf工程然後新增一個Page1.xaml檔案(注意沒有Page1.xaml.cs檔案)

  注意設定Page1.xaml檔案的屬性(生成為空,複製為總是複製)

工程結構如圖:


2.2 檔案程式碼內容:

    MainWindow.xaml

<Window x:Class="使用程式碼和未經編譯的XAML.MainWindow"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        Title="MainWindow" Height="350" Width="525">
    <Grid>
        <Button Click="Button_Click">給新視窗狀態xmal程式碼</Button>
    </Grid>
</Window>
    MainWindow.xaml.cs
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Data;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;
using System.Windows.Navigation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;
using System.IO;
using System.Windows.Markup;

namespace 使用程式碼和未經編譯的XAML
{
    /// <summary>
    /// MainWindow.xaml 的互動邏輯
    /// </summary>
    public partial class MainWindow : Window
    {
        public MainWindow()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void Button_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        {
            Window win1 = new Window();
            win1.Width = 400;
            win1.Height = 400;
            win1.Left = win1.Top = 200;
            win1.Title = "動態建立的元素";
            DependencyObject rootElement;
            using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(System.IO.Path.Combine(System.AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, "Page1.xaml"), FileMode.Open))
            {
                rootElement = (DependencyObject)XamlReader.Load(fs);
            }
            win1.Content = rootElement;
            win1.ShowDialog();
        }
    }
}

   Page1.xaml
<Grid xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation">
    <Button>haha</Button>
</Grid>
編譯後,將生成的檔案拷貝出來,如圖:


雙擊exe執行,關閉程式,修改Page1.xaml檔案的內容,然後重新執行,示例效果:


3.使用程式碼和編譯過的xaml檔案,一般的建立wpf應用程式的方式,不再贅述。