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LeetCode Implement strStr()

Problem

Implement strStr().

Returns the index of the first occurrence of needle in haystack, or -1 if needle is not part of haystack.

題目其實就是實現Java中String的indexOf函式。因此,直接呼叫該方法,顯然是不合適的。

Java 實現


package com.coderli.leetcode.algorithms.easy;

/**
 * Implement strStr().
 * <p>
 * Returns the index of the first occurrence of needle in haystack, or -1 if needle is not part of haystack.
 *
 * @author li.hzh 2017-10-26 22:46
 */
public class ImplementStrStr { public static void main(String[] args) { ImplementStrStr implementStrStr = new ImplementStrStr(); System.out.println(implementStrStr.strStr("abba", "ba")); System.out.println(implementStrStr.strStrLikeString("mississipps", "issip")); System
.out.println(implementStrStr.strStrLikeString("aaaaaaa", "aaaaab")); } /** * 模仿String裡的indexOf的實現方式 * * @param haystack * @param needle * @return */ private int strStrLikeString(String haystack, String needle) { int targetLength = needle.length();
int sourceLength = haystack.length(); if (targetLength == 0) { return 0; } if (targetLength > sourceLength) { return -1; } for (int i = 0; i < sourceLength; i++) { if (haystack.charAt(i) != needle.charAt(0)) { while (++i < sourceLength && haystack.charAt(i) != needle.charAt(0)) ; } if (i + targetLength - 1 < sourceLength) { // 代表找到第一個可能元素 int needleIndex = 1; for (int j = i + 1; needleIndex < targetLength && needle.charAt(needleIndex) == haystack.charAt(j); needleIndex++, j++) ; if (needleIndex == targetLength) { return i; } } } return -1; } public int strStr(String haystack, String needle) { if (needle.length() == 0) { return 0; } if (needle.length() > haystack.length()) { return -1; } int haystackIndex = 0; for (int i = 0; i < haystack.length(); i++) { if (needle.charAt(0) == haystack.charAt(i)) { haystackIndex = i; if (i + needle.length() > haystack.length()) { return -1; } boolean found = true; for (int j = 1; j < needle.length(); j++) { if (needle.charAt(j) != haystack.charAt(haystackIndex + j)) { found = false; break; } } if (found) { return haystackIndex; } } } return -1; } }

分析

直接呼叫String.indexOf顯然是對的,但這顯然不是題目的意思。題目就是讓你自己實現一遍該函式。這裡雖然給出兩個解法,但其實思路是一致的,找到第一個匹配的字元,然後從該位置開始,檢查後面的字串是否完全匹配。如果不匹配,找到下一個第一字元出現的位置,再次執行檢查。

strStrLikeString的程式碼寫法是參考String.indexOf原始碼實現,模仿的寫法。思想一致。