http://abloz.com

author:周海漢

2012.7.20

在上一篇文章《從hive將資料匯出到mysql》中，雖然通過hive中轉，將hbase的資料成功匯出到了mysql中，但是我們遇到了中文亂碼問題。

一、mysql中的編碼

mysql> show variables like 'collation_%';
+----------------------+-------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------------+-------------------+
| collation_connection | latin1_swedish_ci |
| collation_database | latin1_swedish_ci |
| collation_server | latin1_swedish_ci |
+----------------------+-------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show variables like 'character_set_%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+

| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | latin1 |
| character_set_connection | latin1 |
| character_set_database | latin1 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | latin1 |
| character_set_server | latin1 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 

可見原來預設是latin1編碼，會導致中文亂碼。

可以在mysql中設定編碼，單個設定 mysql> alter database name character set utf8; mysql> set character_set_connection=utf8;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> set character_set_connection=utf8; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> set character_set_results=utf8; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> set character_set_server=utf8; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) 但重啟後會失效。

可以修改配置檔案：

[[email protected] ~]# vi /etc/my.cnf
[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8
[client]
default-character-set=utf8
[mysqld]
default-character-set=utf8
character_set_server=utf8
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'

重啟mysql，這樣確保預設編碼是utf8

[[email protected] ~]# service mysqld restart

檢視是否變成utf8：

mysql> s
--------------
mysql Ver 14.12 Distrib 5.0.95, for redhat-linux-gnu (x86_64) using readline 5.1

Connection id: 2
Current database: toplists
Current user: [email protected]
SSL: Not in use
Current pager: stdout
Using outfile: ''
Using delimiter: ;
Server version: 5.0.95 Source distribution
Protocol version: 10
Connection: Localhost via UNIX socket
Server characterset: utf8
Db characterset: utf8
Client characterset: utf8
Conn. characterset: utf8
UNIX socket: /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
Uptime: 39 sec

Threads: 1 Questions: 12 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 15 Flush tables: 1 Open tables: 9 Queries per second avg: 0.308
--------------

mysql> show variables like "char%";
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | utf8 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> show variables like "colla%";
+----------------------+-----------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------------+-----------------+
| collation_connection | utf8_general_ci |
| collation_database | utf8_general_ci |
| collation_server | utf8_general_ci |
+----------------------+-----------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

將mysql編碼改成utf8，並在命令列中指定編碼為utf8，執行匯出報錯：

[[email protected] ~]$ sqoop export --connect "jdbc:mysql://Hadoop48/toplists?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8" -m 1 --table award --export-dir /user/hive/warehouse/hive_myaward/000000_0 --input-null-string "\\N" --input-null-non-string "\\N" --input-fields-terminated-by "\01" --input-lines-terminated-by "\n"

12/07/20 13:17:22 INFO mapred.JobClient: Task Id : attempt_201207191159_0233_m_000000_0, Status : FAILED
java.io.IOException: java.sql.SQLException: Incorrect string value: 'xE6x9Dx80xE7xA0xB4...' for column 'nick' at row 1

原來我建立的表預設編碼不是utf8的，也需改變一下。

mysql> ALTER TABLE award CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0

再匯出

[[email protected] ~]$ sqoop export --connect "jdbc:mysql://Hadoop48/toplists?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8" -m 1 --table award --export-dir /user/hive/warehouse/hive_myaward/000000_0 --input-null-string "\\N" --input-null-non-string "\\N" --input-fields-terminated-by "\01" --input-lines-terminated-by "\n"
...
12/07/20 14:03:10 INFO mapred.JobClient: map 0% reduce 0%
12/07/20 14:03:24 INFO mapred.JobClient: map 100% reduce 0%
...
12/07/20 14:03:29 INFO mapreduce.ExportJobBase: Exported 2 record




檢查表
mysql> select * from award;
+-------------------------------+-----------+-----------+------+-----------+-----------+--------+------+-------------+-----------------+---------+
| rowkey | productid | matchid | rank | tourneyid | userid | gameid | gold | loginid | nick | plat |
+-------------------------------+-----------+-----------+------+-----------+-----------+--------+------+-------------+-----------------+---------+
| 2012-04-27 06:55:00:402713629 | 5947 | 433203828 | 2 | 4027102 | 402713629 | 1001 | NULL | 715878221 | 殺破天A | ios |
| 2012-04-27 06:55:00:406788559 | 778 | 433203930 | 19 | 4017780 | 406788559 | 1001 | 1 | 13835155880 | 親牛牛旦旦 | android |
+-------------------------------+-----------+-----------+------+-----------+-----------+--------+------+-------------+-----------------+---------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

中文編碼問題解決。

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