2406】Power Strings (KMP,最小迴圈節)
題幹:
Given two strings a and b we define a*b to be their concatenation. For example, if a = "abc" and b = "def" then a*b = "abcdef". If we think of concatenation as multiplication, exponentiation by a non-negative integer is defined in the normal way: a^0 = "" (the empty string) and a^(n+1) = a*(a^n).
Input
Each test case is a line of input representing s, a string of printable characters. The length of s will be at least 1 and will not exceed 1 million characters. A line containing a period follows the last test case.
Output
For each s you should print the largest n such that s = a^n for some string a.
Sample Input
abcd
aaaa
ababab
.
Sample Output
1
4
3
Hint
This problem has huge input, use scanf instead of cin to avoid time limit exceed.
題目大意:
給出定義:字串相乘"abc" * "def" = "abcdef",給出冪運算的定義,
解題報告:
裸的最小迴圈節。
AC程式碼:
#include<set> #include<cstdio> #include<string> #include<cstring> #include<iostream> #define ll long long using namespace std; char s[1000005]; int next[1000005]; int len; void getnext() { int k = -1,j = 0; next[0]=-1; while(j<len) { if(k == -1 || s[j] == s[k]) { j++;k++; next[j]=k; } else k=next[k]; } } int main() { while(~scanf("%s",s)) { if(s[0] == '.') break; memset(next,0,sizeof next); len = strlen(s); getnext(); if(len % (len - next[len]) == 0) printf("%d\n",len/(len-next[len])); else puts("1"); } return 0; }
總結:
1.注意那個else put("1")那裡,要想清楚為什麼會有這種情況發生。不光是因為 沒有迴圈節 的情況(因為沒有迴圈節有的也是要進入那個if的,,因為next[len]可以只要不是起始位置,就最小是0啊,所以也可以進入if,比如"as"這個字串)。如果是"asa"這樣的字串就比較尷尬了,,想想為啥吧,,,,反正只有這類的情況才會進入else,,並不是所有沒有迴圈節的情況都是進入else的。。。其實看下面那個總結也可以看出來。,,就是 完全沒有迴圈節的 是直接next[len]=0,但是如果有一部分迴圈節,那就比較尷尬了 。。。詳情看下面的那兩個例子。
2.舉兩個例子幫助理解一類新的問題:(這種就屬於沒有迴圈節的,但是如果想要湊成迴圈節,還需要加的單詞數)
abdabdab len:8 next[8]:5
最小迴圈節長度:3(即abd) 需要補的個數是1 d
ababa len:5 next[5]:3
最小迴圈節長度:2(即ab) 需要補的個數是1 b