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WPF開發進階

INotifyPropertyChanged

在WPF MVVM模式開發中,實現INotifyPropertyChanged的ViewModel是非常重要且常見的類:

public class MainViewModel : INotifyPropertyChanged
{
    public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;

    private void OnPropertyChanged(string propertyName)
    {
        if (this.PropertyChanged != null)
            this.PropertyChanged(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName));
    }
}

在類裡,需要響應變化的屬性都需要在Setter裡呼叫屬性變化的方法:

private string _appName;
public string AppName
{
    get
    {
        return _appName;
    }
    set
    {
        if (_appName == value)
            return;
        _appName = value;
        OnPropertyChanged(nameof(AppName));
    }
}

這樣的寫法,一個兩個屬性還好,在有很多屬性的情況下,就顯得有一些繁雜,今天要介紹一款開源的工具就是為了解決這個問題。

Fody/PropertyChanged

開源地址: https://github.com/Fody/PropertyChanged/

在編譯時,在屬性中實現 INotifyPropertyChanged 的程式碼

使用方法

  1. 通過Nuget安裝

    PM> Install-Package PropertyChanged.Fody

  2. 安裝完成後,會在專案中,新增FodyWeavers.xml檔案,這是Fody的配置檔案,詳細可以參考 Fody

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Weavers>
  <PropertyChanged />
</Weavers>

說明

專案中所有標記有[ImplementPropertyChanged]特性,或者實現了INotifyPropertyChanged的類,都將自動在其屬性中實現通知相關的程式碼,除非屬性被顯示標記為不通知

  • 程式中的程式碼:
[ImplementPropertyChanged]
public class Person 
{        
    public string GivenNames { get; set; }
    public string FamilyName { get; set; }

    public string FullName
    {
        get
        {
            return string.Format("{0} {1}", GivenNames, FamilyName);
        }
    }
}

或者

public class MainViewModel : INotifyPropertyChanged
{

   public string GivenNames { get; set; }
   public string FamilyName { get; set; }

   public string FullName
   {
       get
       {
           return string.Format("{0} {1}", GivenNames, FamilyName);
       }
   }
   
   public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;

   private void OnPropertyChanged(string propertyName)
   {
       if (this.PropertyChanged != null)
           this.PropertyChanged(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName));
   }
}
  • 編譯後對應的
public class Person : INotifyPropertyChanged
{
   public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged;

   string givenNames;
   public string GivenNames
   {
       get { return givenNames; }
       set
       {
           if (value != givenNames)
           {
               givenNames = value;
               OnPropertyChanged("GivenNames");
               OnPropertyChanged("FullName");
           }
       }
   }

   string familyName;
   public string FamilyName
   {
       get { return familyName; }
       set 
       {
           if (value != familyName)
           {
               familyName = value;
               OnPropertyChanged("FamilyName");
               OnPropertyChanged("FullName");
           }
       }
   }

   public string FullName
   {
       get
       {
           return string.Format("{0} {1}", GivenNames, FamilyName);
       }
   }

   public virtual void OnPropertyChanged(string propertyName)
   {
       var propertyChanged = PropertyChanged;
       if (propertyChanged != null)
       {
           propertyChanged(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName));
       }
   }
}