Maven搭建Spring+Struts2+Hibernate專案詳解
前言
這篇主要採用Maven搭建Spring+Struts2+Hibernate的整合專案,複習一下SSH框架,雖然spring提供自己的MVC框架,但是Spring也提供和其他框架的無縫整合,採用元件形式對個框架進行管理,專案例項是按照真實企業裡面的開發搭建,也是web的最後一片了。資料庫使用mysql,連線池使用的是Druid資料來源(這些都無關緊要,可以隨時的替換),下面就將詳細的介紹一下Maven搭建Spring,Struts2,和hibernation的步奏。
1、資料庫設計
資料庫庫表很簡單,設計好資料庫後,直接逆向生成實體,提高速度。資料庫名為shop,只有一個表user_info。其結構如下:
2、建立Maven的webapp專案
建立maven專案,pom.xml配置中引入所需依賴包。
引入所需的依賴包,pom.xml內容如下:
<span style="font-size:14px;"> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>org.andy.ssh</groupId> <artifactId>spring_struts2_Hibernate_demo</artifactId> <packaging>war</packaging> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>spring_struts2_Hibernate_demo Maven Webapp</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <spring.version>4.1.4.RELEASE</spring.version> <hibernate.version>4.3.8.Final</hibernate.version> <struts2.version>2.3.20</struts2.version> <jackson.version>2.5.0</jackson.version> </properties> <dependencies> <!-- junit --> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.12</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!-- spring --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <!-- 關係型資料庫整合時需配置 如hibernate jpa等 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- hibernate --> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId> <version>${hibernate.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-ehcache</artifactId> <version>${hibernate.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- struts2 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId> <artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId> <version>${struts2.version}</version> <exclusions> <exclusion> <!-- Hibernate已經還有該包的依賴 --> <artifactId>javassist</artifactId> <groupId>javassist</groupId> </exclusion> </exclusions> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId> <artifactId>struts2-spring-plugin</artifactId> <version>${struts2.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId> <artifactId>struts2-convention-plugin</artifactId> <version>${struts2.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- log4j --> <dependency> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> <version>1.2.17</version> </dependency> <!-- mysql連線 --> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.34</version> </dependency> <!-- 資料來源 druid --> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>druid</artifactId> <version>1.0.12</version> </dependency> <!-- json --> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId> <version>1.2.3</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId> <version>${jackson.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId> <version>${jackson.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId> <version>${jackson.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- aop --> <dependency> <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId> <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId> <version>1.8.4</version> </dependency> <!-- servlet --> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId> <version>3.0-alpha-1</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <finalName>spring_struts2_Hibernate_demo</finalName> <plugins> <!-- Run the JUnit unit tests in an isolated classloader --> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.4.2</version> <configuration> <skipTests>true</skipTests> </configuration> </plugin> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.3</version> <configuration> <webXml>src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/web.xml</webXml> </configuration> </plugin> <!-- generate java doc --> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-javadoc-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.9.1</version> <configuration> <javadocDirectory>target/javadoc</javadocDirectory> <reportOutputDirectory>target/javadoc</reportOutputDirectory> <charset>UTF-8</charset> <encoding>UTF-8</encoding> <docencoding>UTF-8</docencoding> <show>private</show> </configuration> </plugin> <!-- 部署至本機 --> <plugin> <groupId>org.codehaus.cargo</groupId> <artifactId>cargo-maven2-plugin</artifactId> <version>1.0</version> <configuration> <container> <containerId>tomcat6x</containerId> <home>F:\apache-tomcat-7.0.27</home> </container> <configuration> <type>existing</type> <home>F:\apache-tomcat-7.0.27</home> </configuration> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project> </span>
以上就是ssh所需的所有依賴包。、
3、引入Spring
最優先引入的是Spring框架,他是管理其他框架的容器,spring中需要配置的是自動掃描的dao,和service層的註解,然後將其注入為bean,管理。
配置檔案在src/main/java目錄下,建立spring的配置檔案spring.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd"> <!-- 載入配置檔案 --> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:config.properties"/> <!-- 掃描service自動注入為bean --> <context:component-scan base-package="org.andy.shop.service.impl,org.andy.shop.dao.impl" /> </beans>
3.1、引入日誌Log4j配置
log4j.properties配置內容如下:
### set log levels ###
log4j.rootLogger = INFO , C , D , E
### console ###
log4j.appender.C = org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.C.Target = System.out
log4j.appender.C.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.C.layout.ConversionPattern = [spring_struts2_Hibernate_demo][%p] [%-d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}] %C.%M(%L) | %m%n
### log file ###
log4j.appender.D = org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.D.File = ../logs/spring_struts2_Hibernate_demo.log
log4j.appender.D.Append = true
log4j.appender.D.Threshold = INFO
log4j.appender.D.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.D.layout.ConversionPattern = [spring_struts2_Hibernate_demo][%p] [%-d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}] %C.%M(%L) | %m%n
### exception ###
log4j.appender.E = org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.E.File = ../logs/spring_struts2_Hibernate_demo_error.log
log4j.appender.E.Append = true
log4j.appender.E.Threshold = ERROR
log4j.appender.E.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.E.layout.ConversionPattern = [spring_struts2_Hibernate_demo][%p] [%-d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}] %C.%M(%L) | %m%n
3.2、專案配置檔案
新增專案的配置檔案config.properties,有spring管理。
#application configs
#jdbc druid config
validationQuery = SELECT 1
jdbc.url = jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/shop?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
jdbc.username = root
jdbc.password = root
#hibernate config
hibernate.dialect = org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
hibernate.show_sql = true
hibernate.format_sql = false
hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto = update
4、引入Hibernation
Hibernation的配置主要有如下內容:資料來源,SessionFactory,事務等的配置。
spring-hibernate.xml配置如下(配置檔名可以隨便起)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.1.xsd">
<!-- 配置資料來源 使用的是Druid資料來源 -->
<bean name="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource"
init-method="init" destroy-method="close">
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
<!-- 初始化連線大小 -->
<property name="initialSize" value="0" />
<!-- 連線池最大使用連線數量 -->
<property name="maxActive" value="20" />
<!-- 連線池最小空閒 -->
<property name="minIdle" value="0" />
<!-- 獲取連線最大等待時間 -->
<property name="maxWait" value="60000" />
<property name="poolPreparedStatements" value="true" />
<property name="maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize"
value="33" />
<!-- 用來檢測有效sql -->
<property name="validationQuery" value="${validationQuery}" />
<property name="testOnBorrow" value="false" />
<property name="testOnReturn" value="false" />
<property name="testWhileIdle" value="true" />
<!-- 配置間隔多久才進行一次檢測,檢測需要關閉的空閒連線,單位是毫秒 -->
<property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" value="60000" />
<!-- 配置一個連線在池中最小生存的時間,單位是毫秒 -->
<property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis" value="25200000" />
<!-- 開啟removeAbandoned功能 -->
<property name="removeAbandoned" value="true" />
<!-- 1800秒,也就是30分鐘 -->
<property name="removeAbandonedTimeout" value="1800" />
<!-- 關閉abanded連線時輸出錯誤日誌 -->
<property name="logAbandoned" value="true" />
<!-- 監控資料庫 -->
<property name="filters" value="mergeStat" />
</bean>
<!-- 配置hibernate的SessionFactory -->
<bean id="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<!-- 注入資料來源 相關資訊看原始碼 -->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<!-- hibernate配置資訊 -->
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">${hibernate.dialect}</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">${hibernate.show_sql}</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.format_sql">${hibernate.format_sql}</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">${hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto}</prop>
</props>
</property>
<!-- 掃描hibernate註解配置的entity -->
<property name="packagesToScan" value="org.andy.shop.entity" />
</bean>
<!-- 配置事務管理器 -->
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>
<!-- 配置事務增強處理Bean,指定事務管理器 -->
<tx:advice id="transactionAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
<!-- 配置詳細事務處理語義 -->
<tx:attributes>
<tx:method name="insert*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
<tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
<tx:method name="delete*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
<tx:method name="get*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true" />
<tx:method name="find*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true" />
<tx:method name="select*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true" />
<tx:method name="load*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true" />
<!-- 其他採用預設事務方式 -->
<tx:method name="*" />
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
<!-- Spring aop事務管理 -->
<aop:config>
<!-- 配置切入點 -->
<aop:pointcut id="transactionPointcut"
expression="execution(* org.andy.shop.service.impl.*Impl.*(..))" />
<!-- 指定在txAdvice切入點應用txAdvice事務增強處理 -->
<aop:advisor pointcut-ref="transactionPointcut"
advice-ref="transactionAdvice" />
</aop:config>
</beans>
注意:Hibernation4使用的是SessionFactory而不是HibernationTemplate。
5、生成實體
我們先新增實體entity,Dao,Service,Action等幾個包,一般設計如下:
設計好資料表之後,採用Hibernation tools自動逆向生成實體,其實體UserInfo如下:
package org.andy.shop.entity;
// Generated 2015-2-13 12:48:39 by Hibernate Tools 4.0.0
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
/**
* UserInfo generated by hbm2java
*/
@Entity
@Table(name = "user_info", catalog = "shop")
public class UserInfo implements java.io.Serializable {
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 5127853981202454040L;
private int id;
private String name;
private Integer age;
private String telephone;
public UserInfo() {
}
public UserInfo(int id, String name) {
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
}
public UserInfo(int id, String name, Integer age, String telephone) {
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
this.telephone = telephone;
}
@Id
@Column(name = "id", unique = true, nullable = false)
public int getId() {
return this.id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
@Column(name = "name", nullable = false)
public String getName() {
return this.name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
@Column(name = "age")
public Integer getAge() {
return this.age;
}
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
@Column(name = "telephone")
public String getTelephone() {
return this.telephone;
}
public void setTelephone(String telephone) {
this.telephone = telephone;
}
}
6、建立Dao層
我們採用面向介面程式設計,所以先設計介面,在寫dao的實現類,其理,同樣適用於service層。
6.1、Dao層介面
我們先定義一個通用的GenericDao介面,如下:
package org.andy.shop.dao;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.List;
/**
* 建立時間:2015-2-11 下午2:26:42
*
* @author andy
* @version 2.2
*
* Dao通用介面
*/
interface GenericDao<T, PK extends Serializable> {
T load(PK id);
T get(PK id);
List<T> findAll();
void persist(T entity);
PK save(T entity);
void saveOrUpdate(T entity);
void delete(PK id);
void flush();
}
具體的UserInfo的Dao介面UserInfoDao如下:
package org.andy.shop.dao;
import org.andy.shop.entity.UserInfo;
/**
* 建立時間:2015-2-13 下午12:49:55
* @author andy
* @version 2.2
* 描述: userDao
*/
public interface UserInfoDao extends GenericDao<UserInfo, Integer> {
}
6.2、Dao層實現類
UserInfo的Dao層實現類UserInfoDaoImpl如下:
package org.andy.shop.dao.impl;
import java.util.List;
import org.andy.shop.dao.UserInfoDao;
import org.andy.shop.entity.UserInfo;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
/**
* 建立時間:2015-2-13 下午12:51:47
*
* @author andy
* @version 2.2
* 描述: dao實現類
*/
@Repository("userInfoDao")
public class UserInfoDaoImpl implements UserInfoDao {
@Autowired
private SessionFactory sessionFactory;
private Session getCurrentSession() {
return this.sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
}
@Override
public UserInfo load(Integer id) {
return (UserInfo) this.getCurrentSession().load(UserInfo.class, id);
}
@Override
public UserInfo get(Integer id) {
return (UserInfo) this.getCurrentSession().get(UserInfo.class, id);
}
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
@Override
public List<UserInfo> findAll() {
List<UserInfo> userInfos = this.getCurrentSession()
.createQuery("from UserInfo").list();
return userInfos;
}
@Override
public void persist(UserInfo entity) {
this.getCurrentSession().persist(entity);
}
@Override
public Integer save(UserInfo entity) {
return (Integer) this.getCurrentSession().save(entity);
}
@Override
public void saveOrUpdate(UserInfo entity) {
this.getCurrentSession().saveOrUpdate(entity);
}
@Override
public void delete(Integer id) {
UserInfo entity = this.load(id);
this.getCurrentSession().delete(entity);
}
@Override
public void flush() {
this.getCurrentSession().flush();
}
}
我們採用@Repository註解將其注入為dao的bean,交由spring管理。
7、建立Service層
Service層同理按照面向介面程式設計。
7.1、Service層介面
UserInfo層介面UserInfoService如下:
package org.andy.shop.service;
import java.util.List;
import org.andy.shop.entity.UserInfo;
/**
* 建立時間:2015-2-13 下午1:00:51
* @author andy
* @version 2.2
* 描述:
*/
public interface UserInfoService {
UserInfo load(Integer id);
UserInfo get(Integer id);
List<UserInfo> findAll();
void persist(UserInfo entity);
Integer save(UserInfo entity);
void saveOrUpdate(UserInfo entity);
void delete(Integer id);
void flush();
}
7.2、service層實現類
service層我們使用@Service註解將其注入為bean。
package org.andy.shop.service.impl;
import java.util.List;
import org.andy.shop.dao.UserInfoDao;
import org.andy.shop.entity.UserInfo;
import org.andy.shop.service.UserInfoService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
/**
* 建立時間:2015-2-13 下午1:03:47
*
* @author andy
* @version 2.2 描述:
*/
@Service("userInfoService")
public class UserInfoServiceImpl implements UserInfoService {
@Autowired
private UserInfoDao userInfoDao;
@Override
public UserInfo load(Integer id) {
return null;
}
@Override
public UserInfo get(Integer id) {
return userInfoDao.get(id);
}
@Override
public List<UserInfo> findAll() {
return userInfoDao.findAll();
}
@Override
public void persist(UserInfo entity) {
userInfoDao.persist(entity);
}
@Override
public Integer save(UserInfo entity) {
return userInfoDao.save(entity);
}
@Override
public void saveOrUpdate(UserInfo entity) {
userInfoDao.saveOrUpdate(entity);
}
@Override
public void delete(Integer id) {
userInfoDao.delete(id);
}
@Override
public void flush() {
userInfoDao.flush();
}
}
8、單元測試Spring和Hibernation框架的整合
以上,spring和Hibernation框架就算是整合完成了,我們需要測試一下是否整合成功,事務是否起作用等,所以我們需要在src/test/java源目錄中編寫測試類,進行測試:
我們建立了TestUserService類,進行單元測試:
TestUserService內容如下:
package org.andy.shop.service;
import org.andy.shop.entity.UserInfo;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
/**
* 建立時間:2015-2-13 下午3:31:07
*
* @author andy
* @version 2.2
*/
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = { "classpath:spring.xml",
"classpath:spring-hibernate.xml" })
public class TestUserService {
private static final Logger LOGGER = Logger
.getLogger(TestUserService.class);
@Autowired
private UserInfoService userInfoService;
@Test
public void save() {
UserInfo userInfo = new UserInfo();
userInfo.setName("zty");
userInfo.setAge(23);
userInfo.setTelephone("13212221333");
Integer id = userInfoService.save(userInfo);
JSON.toJSONString(id);
}
}
我們需要引入springjunit的包,將spring配置載入,如果單元測試成功,那麼專案搭建已經成功了一半了。
9、引入Struts2
配置Struts框架的配置檔案,Struts2不同於前面的框架,其配置檔名必須為struts.xml,內容如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">
<struts>
<!-- 指定由spring負責action物件的建立 -->
<constant name="struts.objectFactory" value="spring" />
<!-- 所有匹配*.action的請求都由struts2處理 -->
<constant name="struts.action.extension" value="action" />
<!-- 是否啟用開發模式 -->
<constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />
<!-- struts配置檔案改動後,是aa否重新載入 -->
<constant name="struts.configuration.xml.reload" value="true" />
<!-- 設定瀏覽器是否快取靜態內容 -->
<constant name="struts.serve.static.browserCache" value="false" />
<!-- 請求引數的編碼方式 -->
<constant name="struts.i18n.encoding" value="utf-8" />
<!-- 每次HTTP請求系統都重新載入資原始檔,有助於開發 -->
<constant name="struts.i18n.reload" value="true" />
<!-- 檔案上傳最大值 -->
<constant name="struts.multipart.maxSize" value="104857600" />
<!-- 讓struts2支援動態方法呼叫 -->
<constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="true" />
<!-- Action名稱中是否還是用斜線 -->
<constant name="struts.enable.SlashesInActionNames" value="false" />
<!-- 允許標籤中使用表示式語法 -->
<constant name="struts.tag.altSyntax" value="true" />
<!-- 對於WebLogic,Orion,OC4J此屬性應該設定成true -->
<constant name="struts.dispatcher.parametersWorkaround" value="false" />
<!-- 用於CRUD Action的parent package -->
<package name="crud-default" extends="convention-default">
<!-- 基於paramsPrepareParamsStack, 增加store interceptor保證actionMessage在redirect後不會丟失 -->
<interceptors>
<interceptor-stack name="crudStack">
<interceptor-ref name="store">
<param name="operationMode">AUTOMATIC</param>
</interceptor-ref>
<interceptor-ref name="paramsPrepareParamsStack" />
</interceptor-stack>
</interceptors>
<default-interceptor-ref name="crudStack" />
</package>
<!-- 使用Convention外掛,實現約定大於配置的零配置檔案風格. 特殊的Result路徑在Action類中使用@Result設定. -->
</struts>
上面配置的比較詳細,可以按照實際專案,做一下篩檢。
10、配置web容器web.xml
web.xml是web專案的核心,裡面配置了容器啟動是的載入檔案,以及監聽器,過濾器等內容,所以需要我們配置對個框架的啟動,載入。其內容如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
<display-name>spring_struts2_Hibernate_demo</display-name>
<!-- spring 和 Hibernate的配置檔案 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>
classpath:spring.xml
classpath:spring-hibernate.xml
</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- 編碼設定 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- openSessionInView配置 作用是延遲session關閉到view層 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>openSessionInViewFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>singleSession</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<!-- 監聽servletContext,啟動contextConfigLocation中的spring配置資訊 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 防止spring記憶體溢位監聽器 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- Struts2 filter -->
<filter>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>openSessionInViewFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- 配置session超時時間,單位分鐘 -->
<session-config>
<session-timeout>30</session-timeout>
</session-config>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>/index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
注意:上面Hibernation4和3還是有點區別的。
11、建立控制層Action
控制層Struts2我們採用annotation 約束註解方式實現action的零配置,需要我們在WEB-INF下建立content目錄(必須是content),裡面存放是檢視層jsp。
UserinfoAction內容如下:
package org.andy.shop.action;
import java.util.List;
import org.andy.shop.entity.UserInfo;
import org.andy.shop.service.UserInfoService;
import org.andy.shop.utils.AjaxUtil;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;
import org.apache.struts2.convention.annotation.Namespace;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.Preparable;
/**
* 建立時間:2015-2-13 下午2:49:22
*
* @author andy
* @version 2.2 描述: user的Action
*/
@Namespace("/user")
public class UserinfoAction extends ActionSupport implements
ModelDriven<UserInfo>, Preparable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -2301203156032690317L;
private static final Logger LOGGER = Logger.getLogger(UserinfoAction.class);
private Integer id;
private UserInfo userInfo;
private List<UserInfo> userInfos;
@Autowired
private UserInfoService userInfoService;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public UserInfo getUserInfo() {
return userInfo;
}
public void setUserInfo(UserInfo userInfo) {
this.userInfo = userInfo;
}
public List<UserInfo> getUserInfos() {
return userInfos;
}
public void setUserInfos(List<UserInfo> userInfos) {
this.userInfos = userInfos;
}
@Override
public UserInfo getModel() {
if (null != id) {
userInfo = userInfoService.get(id);
} else {
userInfo = new UserInfo();
}
return userInfo;
}
@Override
public String execute() throws Exception {
LOGGER.info("查詢所有使用者");
userInfos = userInfoService.findAll();
return SUCCESS;
}
public void detail() {
String id = ServletActionContext.getRequest().getParameter("id");
LOGGER.info("檢視使用者詳情:" + id);
userInfo = userInfoService.get(Integer.valueOf(id));
AjaxUtil.ajaxJSONResponse(userInfo);
}
@Override
public void prepare() throws Exception {
}
}
按照約束原則,上面success是會跳轉到content下的/user/userinfo.jsp檢視。
注意:如果上述的UserinfoAction寫出了UserInfoAction,那麼對應的檢視為/user/user-info.jsp,對應的Action為user-info.action
12、建立檢視層
檢視userinfo.jsp內容如下:
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>
<%@taglib prefix="fmt" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/fmt"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme() + "://"
+ request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort()
+ path + "/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>" />
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery-1.9.1.min.js"></script>
<title>userInfo</title>
</head>
<body>
全部使用者資訊:
<c:forEach items="${ userInfos}" var="user">
<div> 姓名:${user.name } 年齡:${user.age } 電話: ${user.telephone } <a target="_blank" href="user/userinfo!detail.action?id=${user.id}">json詳情</a></div>
</c:forEach>
</body>
</html>
通過這個檢視,我們可以測試UserinfoAction中的兩個url。
13、部署伺服器測試
使用Maven打包部署:clean compile package
測試 http://localhost:8080/spring_struts2_Hibernate_demo/user/userinfo.action
json返回資料 http://localhost:8080/spring_struts2_Hibernate_demo/user/userinfo!detail.action?id=1
OK,到此為止Spring+Struts2+Hibernate全部搭建完成。