linux音訊alsa驅動文件閱讀之四 數字音訊介面
阿新 • • 發佈：2018-12-31
SoC controllers and portable audio CODECs today, namely AC97, I2S and PCM.
ASoC現在支援如今的SoC控制器和便攜音訊解碼器上的三個主要數字音訊介面，即AC97，I2S，PCM。
AC97
AC97
====
AC97 is a five wire interface commonly found on many PC sound cards. It is
now also popular in many portable devices. This DAI has a reset line and time
multiplexes its data on its SDATA_OUT (playback) and SDATA_IN (capture) lines.
The bit clock (BCLK) is always driven by the CODEC (usually 12.288MHz) and the
frame (FRAME) (usually 48kHz) is always driven by the controller. Each AC97
frame is 21uS long and is divided into 13 time slots.
AC97是一種個人電腦音效卡上常見的五線介面。現在在很多便攜裝置
The AC97 specification can be found at :-
AC97說明書可以在下面的網址找到：
http://www.intel.com/design/chipsets/audio/ac97_r23.pdf
I2S
I2S
===
I2S is a common 4 wire DAI used in HiFi, STB and portable devices. The Tx and
Rx lines are used for audio transmission, whilst the bit clock (BCLK) and
left/right clock (LRC) synchronise the link. I2S is flexible in that either the
controller or CODEC can drive (master) the BCLK and LRC clock lines. Bit clock
usually varies depending on the sample rate and the master system clock
(SYSCLK). LRCLK is the same as the sample rate. A few devices support separate
ADC and DAC LRCLKs, this allows for simultaneous capture and playback at
different sample rates.
I2S是一個4線數字音訊介面，常用於HiFi，STB便攜裝置。Tx 和Rx訊號線用於音訊傳輸。而位時鐘和左右時鐘（LRC）用於同步連結。I2S具有靈活性，因為控制器和解碼器都可以控制位時鐘和左右時鐘。位時鐘因取樣率和主系統
I2S has several different operating modes:-
I2S有幾個不同的操作模式：
o I2S - MSB is transmitted on the falling edge of the first BCLK after LRC
transition.
I2S模式－MSB在LRC後的第一個位時鐘的下降沿傳送。
o Left Justified - MSB is transmitted on transition of LRC.
左對齊模式：MSB在LRC傳送時傳送。
o Right Justified - MSB is transmitted sample size BCLKs before LRC
transition.
右對齊模式：MSB在（此句不懂）
PCM
PCM
===
PCM is another 4 wire interface, very similar to I2S, which can support a more
flexible protocol. It has bit clock (BCLK) and sync (SYNC) lines that are used
to synchronise the link whilst the Tx and Rx lines are used to transmit and
receive the audio data. Bit clock usually varies depending on sample rate
whilst sync runs at the sample rate. PCM also supports Time Division
Multiplexing (TDM) in that several devices can use the bus simultaneously (this
is sometimes referred to as network mode).
PCM也是一種4線制介面。與I2S非常相像，但支援一個更靈活的協議。它有位時鐘（BCLK）和同步時鐘 （SYNC）用來在Tx和Rx在傳送和接收音訊資料是同步連線。位時鐘通常因取樣率的不同而不同，然而同步時鐘（SYNC）與取樣頻率相同。PCM同樣支 持時分複用，可以幾個裝置同時使用匯流排（這有時被稱為net work 模式）。
Common PCM operating modes:-
常用的PCM操作模式：
o Mode A - MSB is transmitted on falling edge of first BCLK after FRAME/SYNC.
模式A－MSB在FRAME/SYNC後第一個BCLK的下降沿傳送。
o Mode B - MSB is transmitted on rising edge of FRAME/SYNC.
模式B－MSB在FRAME/SYNC的上升沿傳送。
ASoC現在支援如今的SoC控制器和便攜音訊解碼器上的三個主要數字音訊介面，即AC97，I2S，PCM。
AC97
AC97
====
AC97 is a five wire interface commonly found on many PC sound cards. It is
now also popular in many portable devices. This DAI has a reset line and time
multiplexes its data on its SDATA_OUT (playback) and SDATA_IN (capture) lines.
The bit clock (BCLK) is always driven by the CODEC (usually 12.288MHz) and the
frame (FRAME) (usually 48kHz) is always driven by the controller. Each AC97
frame is 21uS long and is divided into 13 time slots.
AC97是一種個人電腦音效卡上常見的五線介面。現在在很多便攜裝置
The AC97 specification can be found at :-
AC97說明書可以在下面的網址找到：
http://www.intel.com/design/chipsets/audio/ac97_r23.pdf
I2S
I2S
===
I2S is a common 4 wire DAI used in HiFi, STB and portable devices. The Tx and
Rx lines are used for audio transmission, whilst the bit clock (BCLK) and
left/right clock (LRC) synchronise the link. I2S is flexible in that either the
controller or CODEC can drive (master) the BCLK and LRC clock lines. Bit clock
usually varies depending on the sample rate and the master system clock
(SYSCLK). LRCLK is the same as the sample rate. A few devices support separate
ADC and DAC LRCLKs, this allows for simultaneous capture and playback at
different sample rates.
I2S是一個4線數字音訊介面，常用於HiFi，STB便攜裝置。Tx 和Rx訊號線用於音訊傳輸。而位時鐘和左右時鐘（LRC）用於同步連結。I2S具有靈活性，因為控制器和解碼器都可以控制位時鐘和左右時鐘。位時鐘因取樣率和主系統
I2S has several different operating modes:-
I2S有幾個不同的操作模式：
o I2S - MSB is transmitted on the falling edge of the first BCLK after LRC
transition.
I2S模式－MSB在LRC後的第一個位時鐘的下降沿傳送。
o Left Justified - MSB is transmitted on transition of LRC.
左對齊模式：MSB在LRC傳送時傳送。
o Right Justified - MSB is transmitted sample size BCLKs before LRC
transition.
右對齊模式：MSB在（此句不懂）
PCM
PCM
===
PCM is another 4 wire interface, very similar to I2S, which can support a more
flexible protocol. It has bit clock (BCLK) and sync (SYNC) lines that are used
to synchronise the link whilst the Tx and Rx lines are used to transmit and
receive the audio data. Bit clock usually varies depending on sample rate
whilst sync runs at the sample rate. PCM also supports Time Division
Multiplexing (TDM) in that several devices can use the bus simultaneously (this
is sometimes referred to as network mode).
PCM也是一種4線制介面。與I2S非常相像，但支援一個更靈活的協議。它有位時鐘（BCLK）和同步時鐘 （SYNC）用來在Tx和Rx在傳送和接收音訊資料是同步連線。位時鐘通常因取樣率的不同而不同，然而同步時鐘（SYNC）與取樣頻率相同。PCM同樣支 持時分複用，可以幾個裝置同時使用匯流排（這有時被稱為net work 模式）。
Common PCM operating modes:-
常用的PCM操作模式：
o Mode A - MSB is transmitted on falling edge of first BCLK after FRAME/SYNC.
模式A－MSB在FRAME/SYNC後第一個BCLK的下降沿傳送。
o Mode B - MSB is transmitted on rising edge of FRAME/SYNC.
模式B－MSB在FRAME/SYNC的上升沿傳送。