基於Struts2.5.16的呼叫過程
引用一張Struts2呼叫的時序圖:
1.使用者傳送請求;這個請求被交給你在web.xml檔案配置的過濾器(Filter)struts2的過濾器(StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter)一般都是在最後一個。呼叫其doFilter方法。
<filter-mapping> <filter-name>userLoginFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <!-- 配置struts2的核心攔截器,官方推出用StrutsPreparedAndExcuteFilter代替FilterDispatcher --> <filter> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern> </filter-mapping>
StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter的doFiler方法:
public void doFilter(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException { HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) req; HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) res; try { String uri = RequestUtils.getUri(request); if (excludedPatterns != null && prepare.isUrlExcluded(request, excludedPatterns)) { LOG.trace("Request {} is excluded from handling by Struts, passing request to other filters", uri); chain.doFilter(request, response); } else { LOG.trace("Checking if {} is a static resource", uri); boolean handled = execute.executeStaticResourceRequest(request, response); if (!handled) { LOG.trace("Assuming uri {} as a normal action", uri); prepare.setEncodingAndLocale(request, response); prepare.createActionContext(request, response); prepare.assignDispatcherToThread(); request = prepare.wrapRequest(request); ActionMapping mapping = prepare.findActionMapping(request, response, true); if (mapping == null) { LOG.trace("Cannot find mapping for {}, passing to other filters", uri); chain.doFilter(request, response); } else { LOG.trace("Found mapping {} for {}", mapping, uri); execute.executeAction(request, response, mapping); } } } } finally { prepare.cleanupRequest(request); } }
2. 呼叫PrepareOperations的findActionMapping(request, response, true),以便確定這個請求是否有對應的action呼叫。 返回一個描述action呼叫的ActionMapping物件 。具體實現類是org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.mapper.DefaultActionMapper的getMapping方法。
public ActionMapping getMapping(HttpServletRequest request, ConfigurationManager configManager) { ActionMapping mapping = new ActionMapping(); String uri = RequestUtils.getUri(request); int indexOfSemicolon = uri.indexOf(';'); uri = (indexOfSemicolon > -1) ? uri.substring(0, indexOfSemicolon) : uri; uri = dropExtension(uri, mapping); if (uri == null) { return null; } parseNameAndNamespace(uri, mapping, configManager); handleSpecialParameters(request, mapping); return parseActionName(mapping); }
3. ExecuteOperations呼叫executeAction處理Action。其實質是呼叫Dispatcher類的serviceAction方法得到一個ActionProxy例項。該方法根據ActionMapping這個物件中的屬性以及configurationManager來生成一個ActionProxy。具體實現類是DefaultActionProxyFactory。
ActionProxy proxy = getContainer().getInstance(ActionProxyFactory.class).createActionProxy(
namespace, name, method, extraContext, true, false);
request.setAttribute(ServletActionContext.STRUTS_VALUESTACK_KEY, proxy.getInvocation().getStack());
// if the ActionMapping says to go straight to a result, do it!
if (mapping.getResult() != null) {
Result result = mapping.getResult();
result.execute(proxy.getInvocation());
} else {
proxy.execute();
}
4. ActionProxy設定ActionInvocation物件的執行上下文,然後呼叫其invoke方法。從攔截器對映中查詢尚未執行的攔截器,呼叫他的intercept(invocation)方法,並將自身物件引用作為引數傳遞給攔截器。
5. 攔截器完成某些預處理工作後,反過來呼叫ActionInvocation的invoke方法,ActionInvocation維護者自己的狀態,所以他知道哪些攔截器已經被執行,如果還沒有執行的攔截器,就繼續執行他的intercept(invocation)方法。 至所有的攔截器都已經執行過了,就呼叫action例項的execute方法 。
6. ActionInvocation根據action執行返回的結果碼,查詢對應的Result,呼叫Result的execute(invocation)方法,將結果頁面呈現給使用者。 ActionInvocation的invoke方法將控制權返回給攔截器對映中的最後一個攔截器,該攔截器完成所有必須的後期處理工作,然後從intercept(invocation)方法返回,允許前一個攔截器執行他自己的後處理工作。如此迴圈到所有的攔截器都成功返回。
7. ActionInvocation的invoke方法執行完畢後,想ActionProxy返回一個String型別的結果碼,最後,ActionProxy清理狀態並返回。
ps:關於ActionContext是何時建立的,可以參考下文:
https://blog.csdn.net/u011496144/article/details/74931136