一般發生在長期使用hbase，後面再安裝之後直接使用hbase shell 想要進入hbase介面，卻沒有啟動start-hbase.sh而導致的。

[[email protected] local]# hbase shell

SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings.
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/usr/local/hbase/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.7.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/usr/local/hadoop2/share/hadoop/common/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.10.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation.
SLF4J: Actual binding is of type [org.slf4j.impl.Log4jLoggerFactory]
2015-05-17 23:11:37,482 ERROR [main] zookeeper.RecoverableZooKeeper: ZooKeeper exists failed after 4 attempts
2015-05-17 23:11:37,484 WARN  [main] zookeeper.ZKUtil: hconnection-0x1623e7c40x0, quorum=master:2181, baseZNode=/hbase Unable to set watcher on znode (/hbase/hbaseid)
org.apache.zookeeper.KeeperException$ConnectionLossException: KeeperErrorCode = ConnectionLoss for /hbase/hbaseid
    at org.apache.zookeeper.KeeperException.create(KeeperException.java:99)
    at org.apache.zookeeper.KeeperException.create(KeeperException.java:51)
    at org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper.exists(ZooKeeper.java:1045)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.zookeeper.RecoverableZooKeeper.exists(RecoverableZooKeeper.java:222)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.zookeeper.ZKUtil.checkExists(ZKUtil.java:481)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.zookeeper.ZKClusterId.readClusterIdZNode(ZKClusterId.java:65)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ZooKeeperRegistry.getClusterId(ZooKeeperRegistry.java:86)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ConnectionManager$HConnectionImplementation.retrieveClusterId(ConnectionManager.java:833)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ConnectionManager$HConnectionImplementation.<init>(ConnectionManager.java:623)
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:57)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:526)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ConnectionFactory.createConnection(ConnectionFactory.java:238)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ConnectionFactory.createConnection(ConnectionFactory.java:218)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ConnectionFactory.createConnection(ConnectionFactory.java:119)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
    at org.jruby.javasupport.JavaMethod.invokeDirectWithExceptionHandling(JavaMethod.java:450)
    at org.jruby.javasupport.JavaMethod.invokeStaticDirect(JavaMethod.java:362)
    at org.jruby.java.invokers.StaticMethodInvoker.call(StaticMethodInvoker.java:58)
    at org.jruby.runtime.callsite.CachingCallSite.cacheAndCall(CachingCallSite.java:312)
    at org.jruby.runtime.callsite.CachingCallSite.call(CachingCallSite.java:169)
    at org.jruby.ast.CallOneArgNode.interpret(CallOneArgNode.java:57)
    at org.jruby.ast.InstAsgnNode.interpret(InstAsgnNode.java:95)
    at org.jruby.ast.NewlineNode.interpret(NewlineNode.java:104)
    at org.jruby.ast.BlockNode.interpret(BlockNode.java:71)
    at org.jruby.evaluator.ASTInterpreter.INTERPRET_METHOD(ASTInterpreter.java:74)
    at org.jruby.internal.runtime.methods.InterpretedMethod.call(InterpretedMethod.java:169)
    at org.jruby.internal.runtime.methods.DefaultMethod.call(DefaultMethod.java:191)
    at org.jruby.runtime.callsite.CachingCallSite.cacheAndCall(CachingCallSite.java:302)
    at org.jruby.runtime.callsite.CachingCallSite.callBlock(CachingCallSite.java:144)
    at org.jruby.runtime.callsite.CachingCallSite.call(CachingCallSite.java:148)
    at org.jruby.RubyClass.newInstance(RubyClass.java:822)
    at org.jruby.RubyClass$i$newInstance.call(RubyClass$i$newInstance.gen:65535)
    at org.jruby.internal.runtime.methods.JavaMethod$JavaMethodZeroOrNBlock.call(JavaMethod.java:249)
    at org.jruby.runtime.callsite.CachingCallSite.cacheAndCall(CachingCallSite.java:292)
    at org.jruby.runtime.callsite.CachingCallSite.call(CachingCallSite.java:135)
    at usr.local.hbase.bin.hirb.__file__(/usr/local/hbase/bin/hirb.rb:118)
    at usr.local.hbase.bin.hirb.load(/usr/local/hbase/bin/hirb.rb)
    at org.jruby.Ruby.runScript(Ruby.java:697)
    at org.jruby.Ruby.runScript(Ruby.java:690)
    at org.jruby.Ruby.runNormally(Ruby.java:597)
    at org.jruby.Ruby.runFromMain(Ruby.java:446)
    at org.jruby.Main.doRunFromMain(Main.java:369)
    at org.jruby.Main.internalRun(Main.java:258)
    at org.jruby.Main.run(Main.java:224)
    at org.jruby.Main.run(Main.java:208)
    at org.jruby.Main.main(Main.java:188)
2015-05-17 23:11:37,492 ERROR [main] zookeeper.ZooKeeperWatcher: hconnection-0x1623e7c40x0, quorum=master:2181, baseZNode=/hbase Received unexpected KeeperException, re-throwing exception
org.apache.zookeeper.KeeperException$ConnectionLossException: KeeperErrorCode = ConnectionLoss for /hbase/hbaseid
    at org.apache.zookeeper.KeeperException.create(KeeperException.java:99)
    at org.apache.zookeeper.KeeperException.create(KeeperException.java:51)
    at org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeper.exists(ZooKeeper.java:1045)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.zookeeper.RecoverableZooKeeper.exists(RecoverableZooKeeper.java:222)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.zookeeper.ZKUtil.checkExists(ZKUtil.java:481)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.zookeeper.ZKClusterId.readClusterIdZNode(ZKClusterId.java:65)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ZooKeeperRegistry.getClusterId(ZooKeeperRegistry.java:86)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ConnectionManager$HConnectionImplementation.retrieveClusterId(ConnectionManager.java:833)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ConnectionManager$HConnectionImplementation.<init>(ConnectionManager.java:623)
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:57)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:526)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ConnectionFactory.createConnection(ConnectionFactory.java:238)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ConnectionFactory.createConnection(ConnectionFactory.java:218)
    at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ConnectionFactory.createConnection(ConnectionFactory.java:119)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
    at org.jruby.javasupport.JavaMethod.invokeDirectWithExceptionHandling(JavaMethod.java:450)
    at org.jruby.javasupport.JavaMethod.invokeStaticDirect(JavaMethod.java:362)
    at org.jruby.java.invokers.StaticMethodInvoker.call(StaticMethodInvoker.java:58)
    at org.jruby.runtime.callsite.CachingCallSite.cacheAndCall(CachingCallSite.java:312)
    at org.jruby.runtime.callsite.CachingCallSite.call(CachingCallSite.java:169)
    at org.jruby.ast.CallOneArgNode.interpret(CallOneArgNode.java:57)
    at org.jruby.ast.InstAsgnNode.interpret(InstAsgnNode.java:95)
    at org.jruby.ast.NewlineNode.interpret(NewlineNode.java:104)
    at org.jruby.ast.BlockNode.interpret(BlockNode.java:71)
    at org.jruby.evaluator.ASTInterpreter.INTERPRET_METHOD(ASTInterpreter.java:74)
    at org.jruby.internal.runtime.methods.InterpretedMethod.call(InterpretedMethod.java:169)
    at org.jruby.internal.runtime.methods.DefaultMethod.call(DefaultMethod.java:191)
    at org.jruby.runtime.callsite.CachingCallSite.cacheAndCall(CachingCallSite.java:302)
    at org.jruby.runtime.callsite.CachingCallSite.callBlock(CachingCallSite.java:144)
    at org.jruby.runtime.callsite.CachingCallSite.call(CachingCallSite.java:148)
    at org.jruby.RubyClass.newInstance(RubyClass.java:822)
    at org.jruby.RubyClass$i$newInstance.call(RubyClass$i$newInstance.gen:65535)
    at org.jruby.internal.runtime.methods.JavaMethod$JavaMethodZeroOrNBlock.call(JavaMethod.java:249)
    at org.jruby.runtime.callsite.CachingCallSite.cacheAndCall(CachingCallSite.java:292)
    at org.jruby.runtime.callsite.CachingCallSite.call(CachingCallSite.java:135)
    at usr.local.hbase.bin.hirb.__file__(/usr/local/hbase/bin/hirb.rb:118)
    at usr.local.hbase.bin.hirb.load(/usr/local/hbase/bin/hirb.rb)
    at org.jruby.Ruby.runScript(Ruby.java:697)
    at org.jruby.Ruby.runScript(Ruby.java:690)
    at org.jruby.Ruby.runNormally(Ruby.java:597)
    at org.jruby.Ruby.runFromMain(Ruby.java:446)
    at org.jruby.Main.doRunFromMain(Main.java:369)
    at org.jruby.Main.internalRun(Main.java:258)
    at org.jruby.Main.run(Main.java:224)
    at org.jruby.Main.run(Main.java:208)
    at org.jruby.Main.main(Main.java:188)
HBase Shell; enter 'help<RETURN>' for list of supported commands.
Type "exit<RETURN>" to leave the HBase Shell

Version 1.0.1, r66a93c09df3b12ff7b86c39bc8475c60e15af82d, Fri Apr 17 22:14:06 PDT 2015

原因 沒有啟動HBase 需要執行 start-hbase.sh 才可以。