由於Android手機型號，廠商等很多，我們不能保證測試時候沒問題的程式，在各種手機上都沒問題。

當出現問題，程式崩潰時，我們可以設定對應的監聽，將對應的報錯資訊記錄下來，上傳至伺服器。

一、原理

在Thread類中，有一個介面 UncaughtExceptionHandler 

    /**
     * Implemented by objects that want to handle cases where a thread is being
     * terminated by an uncaught exception. Upon such termination, the handler
     * is notified of the terminating thread and causal exception. If there is
     * no explicit handler set then the thread's group is the default handler.
     */
    public static interface UncaughtExceptionHandler {
        /**
         * The thread is being terminated by an uncaught exception. Further
         * exceptions thrown in this method are prevent the remainder of the
         * method from executing, but are otherwise ignored.
         *
         * @param thread the thread that has an uncaught exception
         * @param ex the exception that was thrown
         */
        void uncaughtException(Thread thread, Throwable ex);
    }
 

    /**
     * Holds the default handler for uncaught exceptions, in case there is one.
     */
    private static UncaughtExceptionHandler defaultUncaughtHandler;

二、使用方法

1.寫一個 UncaughtExceptionHandler

的實現類 CrashHandler

package com.czlaite.utils;

import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.lang.Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;

import android.content.Context;
import android.content.pm.PackageInfo;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager.NameNotFoundException;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.util.Log;
import android.os.Process;

public class CrashHandler implements UncaughtExceptionHandler{
	private static final String TAG = "CrashHandler";
    private static final boolean DEBUG = true;

    //路徑，檔名字首，字尾
    private static final String PATH = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getPath() + "/CrashTest/log/";
    private static final String FILE_NAME_PERFIX = "crash";
    private static final String FILE_NAME_SUFFIX = ".trace";

    //系統預設的異常處理器
    private UncaughtExceptionHandler mDefaultCrashHandler;	
    private Context mContext;

    //單例模式
    private static CrashHandler sInstance = new CrashHandler();
    
    private CrashHandler() {
    }
    
    public static CrashHandler getInstance() {
        return sInstance;
    }

    public void init(Context context) {
        mDefaultCrashHandler = Thread.getDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler();
        Thread.setDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler(this);
        mContext = context.getApplicationContext();
    }

    /**
     * 這個是最關鍵的函式，當程式中有未被捕獲的異常，系統將會自動呼叫#uncaughtException方法
     * thread為出現未捕獲異常的執行緒，ex為未捕獲的異常，有了這個ex，我們就可以得到異常資訊。
     */
    @Override
    public void uncaughtException(Thread thread, Throwable ex) {
        try {
            //匯出異常資訊到SD卡中
            dumpExceptionToSDCard(ex);
            //這裡可以通過網路上傳異常資訊到伺服器，便於開發人員分析日誌從而解決bug
            uploadExceptionToServer();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        ex.printStackTrace();

        //如果系統提供了預設的異常處理器，則交給系統去結束我們的程式，否則就由我們自己結束自己
        if (mDefaultCrashHandler != null) {
            mDefaultCrashHandler.uncaughtException(thread, ex);
        } else {
            Process.killProcess(Process.myPid());
        }

    }

    /**
     * 將異常資訊存到SD卡中
     * @param ex
     * @throws IOException
     */
    private void dumpExceptionToSDCard(Throwable ex) throws IOException {
        //如果SD卡不存在或無法使用，則無法把異常資訊寫入SD卡
        if (!Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)) {
            if (DEBUG) {
                Log.w(TAG, "sdcard unmounted,skip dump exception");
                return;
            }
        }

        File dir = new File(PATH);
        if (!dir.exists()) {
            dir.mkdirs();
        }
        long current = System.currentTimeMillis();
        String time = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss").format(new Date(current));
        File file = new File(PATH + FILE_NAME_PERFIX + time + FILE_NAME_SUFFIX);

        try {
            PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter(file)));
            pw.println(time);
            dumpPhoneInfo(pw);
            pw.println();
            ex.printStackTrace(pw);
            pw.close();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            Log.e(TAG, "dump crash info failed");
        }
    }

    /**
     * 記錄手機對應的 資訊
     * @param pw
     * @throws NameNotFoundException
     */
    private void dumpPhoneInfo(PrintWriter pw) throws NameNotFoundException {
        PackageManager pm = mContext.getPackageManager();
        PackageInfo pi = pm.getPackageInfo(mContext.getPackageName(), PackageManager.GET_ACTIVITIES);
        pw.print("App Version: ");
        pw.print(pi.versionName);
        pw.print('_');
        pw.println(pi.versionCode);

        //android版本號
        pw.print("OS Version: ");
        pw.print(Build.VERSION.RELEASE);
        pw.print("_");
        pw.println(Build.VERSION.SDK_INT);

        //手機制造商
        pw.print("Vendor: ");
        pw.println(Build.MANUFACTURER);

        //手機型號
        pw.print("Model: ");
        pw.println(Build.MODEL);

        //cpu架構
        pw.print("CPU ABI: ");
        pw.println(Build.CPU_ABI);
    }

    private void uploadExceptionToServer() {
      //TODO 將異常資訊上傳至伺服器
    }


}
 

2. 在Application初始化的時候，為執行緒設定CrashHandler

package com.czlaite.application;

import com.czlaite.utils.CrashHandler;

import android.app.Application;
import android.content.Context;

public class MyApplication extends Application{
	public static Context context;

	public static Context getContext(){
		return context;
	}
	
	@Override
	public void onCreate() {
		super.onCreate();
		context = getApplicationContext();
		//為應用設定異常處理器
		CrashHandler crashHandler = CrashHandler.getInstance();
		crashHandler.init(context);
		
	}
	
}

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