Linux控制檯版本2048
阿新 • • 發佈：2019-01-02
在Github上看到一個荷蘭人寫的linux控制檯版的2048，用的C語言，感覺很有意思。
原網址在這裡。
讀了一下他的原始碼，感覺寫的不錯，就厚著臉皮加了一些中文註釋，原始碼如下：
/* ============================================================================ Name : 2048.c Author : Maurits van der Schee Description : Console version of the game "2048" for GNU/Linux ============================================================================ * Note by Zhengmingpei,China Time:2014.10.13 Contact:http://Zhengmingpei.github.com Email:[email protected] */ #define _XOPEN_SOURCE 500 #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <termios.h> #include <stdbool.h> #include <stdint.h> #include <time.h> #include <signal.h> #define SIZE 4 uint32_t score=0; uint8_t scheme=0; // 根據value獲取相應的顏色，將包含設定終端顏色的字串複製給color void getColor(uint16_t value, char *color, size_t length) { // 宣告三個顏色陣列，用一維陣列，但每個奇數位和偶數位組成一個前後景色 // 後兩個陣列分別對應程式的啟動選項"blackwhite","bluered" uint8_t original[] = {8,255,1,255,2,255,3,255,4,255,5,255,6,255,7,255,9,0,10,0,11,0,12,0,13,0,14,0,255,0,255,0}; uint8_t blackwhite[] = {232,255,234,255,236,255,238,255,240,255,242,255,244,255,246,0,248,0,249,0,250,0,251,0,252,0,253,0,254,0,255,0}; uint8_t bluered[] = {235,255,63,255,57,255,93,255,129,255,165,255,201,255,200,255,199,255,198,255,197,255,196,255,196,255,196,255,196,255,196,255}; uint8_t *schemes[] = {original,blackwhite,bluered}; uint8_t *background = schemes[scheme]+0; uint8_t *foreground = schemes[scheme]+1; if (value > 0) while (value >>= 1) // value不斷右移一位，直到值變為0，實現每個二進位制一個不同的顏色 { if (background+2<schemes[scheme]+sizeof(original)) { background+=2; foreground+=2; } } //linux下終端及字型顏色設定語句的字串 snprintf(color,length,"\033[38;5;%d;48;5;%dm",*foreground,*background); } // 繪製資料板,資料板共3×4行，7×4列 void drawBoard(uint16_t board[SIZE][SIZE]) { int8_t x,y; // \033[m:關閉所有屬性 char color[40], reset[] = "\033[m"; // \033[H:調整游標位置 printf("\033[H"); printf("2048.c %17d pts\n\n",score); //資料板共3×4行，7×4列 for (y=0;y<SIZE;y++) { //首行列印空白 for (x=0;x<SIZE;x++) { getColor(board[x][y],color,40); printf("%s",color); printf(" "); //reset 重置，避免對非資料板部分造成影響 printf("%s",reset); } printf("\n"); //次行列印數字,數字居中 for (x=0;x<SIZE;x++) { getColor(board[x][y],color,40); printf("%s",color); if (board[x][y]!=0) { char s[8]; //此處注意，是board[x][y]而不是yx snprintf(s,8,"%u",board[x][y]); int8_t t = 7-strlen(s); printf("%*s%s%*s",t-t/2,"",s,t/2,""); } else { printf(" · "); } printf("%s",reset); } printf("\n"); //末行列印空白 for (x=0;x<SIZE;x++) { getColor(board[x][y],color,40); printf("%s",color); printf(" "); printf("%s",reset); } printf("\n"); } printf("\n"); printf(" ←,↑,→,↓ or q \n"); //疑似回車 printf("\033[A"); } // 查詢一維陣列中x左側待合併數的座標，stop為檢查點 int8_t findTarget(uint16_t array[SIZE],int8_t x,int8_t stop) { int8_t t; //若x為第一個數，左邊無數，直接返回x if (x==0) { return x; } //遍歷x左邊的座標 for(t=x-1;t>=0;t--) { //合併演算法： //1.t處的數不為0且與x處的數不相等，返回t+1 //2.t處的數不為0且與x處的數相等，返回t //3.t處的數為0，根據stop判斷是否向前查詢，防止多次合併 if (array[t]!=0) { if (array[t]!=array[x]) { // merge is not possible, take next position return t+1; } return t; } else { // we should not slide further, return this one if (t==stop) { return t; } } } // we did not find a return x; } //對一維陣列進行移動 bool slideArray(uint16_t array[SIZE]) { bool success = false; //聲明當前位置，待合併的位置，檢查點 int8_t x,t,stop=0; for (x=0;x<SIZE;x++) { if (array[x]!=0) { t = findTarget(array,x,stop); // 如果待合併的位置與當前位置不相等，進行移動或者合併 // if target is not original position, then move or merge if (t!=x) { // 如果待合併的位置不是0,右移檢查點stop // if target is not zero, set stop to avoid double merge if (array[t]!=0) { score+=array[t]+array[x]; stop = t+1; } array[t]+=array[x]; array[x]=0; success = true; } } } return success; } //旋轉資料板，向右旋轉90度，這樣可以用一個方向的陣列移動間接控制四個方向的移動 void rotateBoard(uint16_t board[SIZE][SIZE]) { int8_t i,j,n=SIZE; uint16_t tmp; //環形旋轉，先外而內，先左後右 for (i=0; i<n/2; i++){ for (j=i; j<n-i-1; j++){ tmp = board[i][j]; board[i][j] = board[j][n-i-1]; board[j][n-i-1] = board[n-i-1][n-j-1]; board[n-i-1][n-j-1] = board[n-j-1][i]; board[n-j-1][i] = tmp; } } } //向上移動資料板 bool moveUp(uint16_t board[SIZE][SIZE]) { bool success = false; int8_t x; for (x=0;x<SIZE;x++) { //對每一列做移動或者合併處理， //這裡是列而不是行，與前面的輸出順序有關 success |= slideArray(board[x]); //只要有一列成功，就成功 } return success; } // 左移：向右旋轉90度，向上合併，再旋轉3個90度 bool moveLeft(uint16_t board[SIZE][SIZE]) { bool success; rotateBoard(board); success = moveUp(board); rotateBoard(board); rotateBoard(board); rotateBoard(board); return success; } // 下移：向右旋轉2個90度，向上合併，再旋轉2個90度 bool moveDown(uint16_t board[SIZE][SIZE]) { bool success; rotateBoard(board); rotateBoard(board); success = moveUp(board); rotateBoard(board); rotateBoard(board); return success; } // 右移：向右旋轉3個90度，向上合併，再旋轉1個90度 bool moveRight(uint16_t board[SIZE][SIZE]) { bool success; rotateBoard(board); rotateBoard(board); rotateBoard(board); success = moveUp(board); rotateBoard(board); return success; } bool findPairDown(uint16_t board[SIZE][SIZE]) { bool success = false; int8_t x,y; for (x=0;x<SIZE;x++) { for (y=0;y<SIZE-1;y++) { if (board[x][y]==board[x][y+1]) return true; } } return success; } // 計算資料板是否已滿 int16_t countEmpty(uint16_t board[SIZE][SIZE]) { int8_t x,y; int16_t count=0; for (x=0;x<SIZE;x++) { for (y=0;y<SIZE;y++) { if (board[x][y]==0) { count++; } } } return count; } // 檢查遊戲是否結束 bool gameEnded(uint16_t board[SIZE][SIZE]) { bool ended = true; // 如果有空位，未結束 if (countEmpty(board)>0) return false; // 橫向檢查，有相等相鄰數，未結束 if (findPairDown(board)) return false; rotateBoard(board); // 旋轉一次，縱向檢查，有相等相鄰數，未結束 if (findPairDown(board)) ended = false; rotateBoard(board); rotateBoard(board); rotateBoard(board); return ended; } // 隨機重置資料板 void addRandom(uint16_t board[SIZE][SIZE]) { // 全域性變數，是否已初始化 static bool initialized = false; // x,y 座標 int8_t x,y; // r 隨機位置，len 所有為空的資料板資料長度 int16_t r,len=0; // n 隨機資料， list 所有為空的資料板位置 uint16_t n,list[SIZE*SIZE][2]; if (!initialized) { srand(time(NULL)); initialized = true; } // 找出資料板上所有為空的座標 for (x=0;x<SIZE;x++) { for (y=0;y<SIZE;y++) { if (board[x][y]==0) { list[len][0]=x; list[len][1]=y; len++; } } } // 如果有為空的情況，才填充資料 if (len>0) { r = rand()%len; x = list[r][0]; y = list[r][1]; n = ((rand()%10)/9+1)*2; board[x][y]=n; } } // 設定輸入模式，在行緩衝和無緩衝中切換 void setBufferedInput(bool enable) { static bool enabled = true; static struct termios old; struct termios new; if (enable && !enabled) { // restore the former settings tcsetattr(STDIN_FILENO,TCSANOW,&old); // set the new state enabled = true; } else if (!enable && enabled) { // get the terminal settings for standard input tcgetattr(STDIN_FILENO,&new); // we want to keep the old setting to restore them at the end old = new; // disable canonical mode (buffered i/o) and local echo new.c_lflag &=(~ICANON & ~ECHO); // set the new settings immediately tcsetattr(STDIN_FILENO,TCSANOW,&new); // set the new state enabled = false; } } int test() { uint16_t array[SIZE]; uint16_t data[] = { 0,0,0,2, 2,0,0,0, 0,0,2,2, 4,0,0,0, 0,2,0,2, 4,0,0,0, 2,0,0,2, 4,0,0,0, 2,0,2,0, 4,0,0,0, 2,2,2,0, 4,2,0,0, 2,0,2,2, 4,2,0,0, 2,2,0,2, 4,2,0,0, 2,2,2,2, 4,4,0,0, 4,4,2,2, 8,4,0,0, 2,2,4,4, 4,8,0,0, 8,0,2,2, 8,4,0,0, 4,0,2,2, 4,4,0,0 }; uint16_t *in,*out; uint16_t t,tests; uint8_t i; bool success = true; tests = (sizeof(data)/sizeof(data[0]))/(2*SIZE); for (t=0;t<tests;t++) { in = data+t*2*SIZE; out = in + SIZE; for (i=0;i<SIZE;i++) { array[i] = in[i]; } slideArray(array); for (i=0;i<SIZE;i++) { if (array[i] != out[i]) { success = false; } } if (success==false) { for (i=0;i<SIZE;i++) { printf("%d ",in[i]); } printf("=> "); for (i=0;i<SIZE;i++) { printf("%d ",array[i]); } printf("expected "); for (i=0;i<SIZE;i++) { printf("%d ",in[i]); } printf("=> "); for (i=0;i<SIZE;i++) { printf("%d ",out[i]); } printf("\n"); break; } } if (success) { printf("All %u tests executed successfully\n",tests); } return !success; } void signal_callback_handler(int signum) { printf(" TERMINATED \n"); setBufferedInput(true); printf("\033[?25h"); exit(signum); } int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { uint16_t board[SIZE][SIZE]; char c; bool success; if (argc == 2 && strcmp(argv[1],"test")==0) { return test(); } if (argc == 2 && strcmp(argv[1],"blackwhite")==0) { scheme = 1; } if (argc == 2 && strcmp(argv[1],"bluered")==0) { scheme = 2; } // 33[?25l 隱藏游標 // 33[2J 清屏 // 33[H 設定游標位置 printf("\033[?25l\033[2J\033[H"); // register signal handler for when ctrl-c is pressed signal(SIGINT, signal_callback_handler); // 將資料清為0 memset(board,0,sizeof(board)); // 新增兩次隨機數,因為初始化時產生2個隨機數 addRandom(board); addRandom(board); // 繪製資料板 drawBoard(board); // 禁用快取輸入，終端支援按字元讀取且不回顯 setBufferedInput(false); // 遊戲主迴圈 while (true) { c=getchar(); switch(c) { case 97: // 'a' key case 104: // 'h' key case 68: // left arrow success = moveLeft(board); break; case 100: // 'd' key case 108: // 'l' key case 67: // right arrow success = moveRight(board); break; case 119: // 'w' key case 107: // 'k' key case 65: // up arrow success = moveUp(board); break; case 115: // 's' key case 106: // 'j' key case 66: // down arrow success = moveDown(board); break; default: success = false; } //合併成功，則重新繪製 if (success) { drawBoard(board); usleep(150000); addRandom(board); drawBoard(board); if (gameEnded(board)) { printf(" GAME OVER \n"); break; } } // 如果輸入是 q 的話，開啟行緩衝，顯示游標 if (c=='q') { printf(" QUIT? (y/n) \n"); while (true) { c=getchar(); if (c=='y'){ setBufferedInput(true); printf("\033[?25h"); exit(0); } else { drawBoard(board); break; } } } if (c=='r') { printf(" RESTART? (y/n) \n"); while (true) { c=getchar(); if (c=='y'){ memset(board,0,sizeof(board)); addRandom(board); addRandom(board); drawBoard(board); break; } else { drawBoard(board); break; } } } } setBufferedInput(true); printf("\033[?25h"); return EXIT_SUCCESS; }