day07 結構體 匿名結構體 結構體的初始化 訪問 結構體巢狀 結構體的儲存空間 結構體陣列
阿新 • • 發佈：2019-01-03
//結構體的定義/*
struct 結構體的定義{
資料型別成員變數1;
資料型別成員變數2;
.....
資料型別成員變數n;
}; 注意“;”
*///typedef(第一種方式)//先定義結構體，在說明結構體變數//struct myPoint{// float x;//行座標// float y;//縱座標//};//typedef struct myPoint point;//第2中方式//在定義結構體的同時，說明結構體變數/*
typedef struct myPoint{
float x;//行座標
float y;//縱座標
}point;
*///定義第三種方式//匿名結構體//struct{// char name[20];
char name[20];
char sex;
int num;
int age;
float score;
}Student;
void sortStudentByScore(Student stu[],int count)
{
for (int i=0; i<count-
for (int j=0; j<count-1-i; j++) {
if (stu[j].score>stu[j+1].score) {
Student tmp=stu[j];
stu[j]=stu[j+1];
stu[j+1]=tmp;
}
}
}
}
//獲取學生陣列成績的最高者Student getStudentMaxByScore(Student stu[],int count)
{
for (int i=0; i<count; i++)
{
//通過成績比較最大值
maxScore=stu[i].score > maxScore.score ? stu[i] : maxScore;
}
return maxScore;
}
Student getStudentMaxByAge(Student stu[],int count)
{
Student maxAge={0};
for (int i=0; i<count; i++)
{
//通過成績比較最大值
maxAge=stu[i].age > maxAge.age ? stu[i] : maxAge;
}
return maxAge;
}
void printStudent(Student stu[],int count)
{
for (int i=0; i<count; i++) {
printf("name:%s,sex:%c,num:%d,age:%d,score:%.2f\n",stu[i].name,stu[i].sex,stu[i].num,stu[i].age,stu[i].score);
}
}
int main(int argc, constchar * argv[]) {
#pragma mark-結構體//struct myPoint point={2.0,5.3};//定義一個數據型別為//struct myPoint,變數名為point，初值為（2.0，5.3）的一個變數。//printf("%lu %lu",sizeof(struct myPoint),sizeof(point));//前面加typedef，後面加上point，以後可以用point代替結構體變數// Student stu1={"laowang",18,001};// Student stu2={"laozhang",80,002};// //訪問結構體.// stu1.age=19;// stu2.number=003;// strcpy(stu1.name,"wangbadan");// printf("name=%s,age=%d,number=%d",stu1.name,stu1.age,stu1.number);// Stu stu1={"張三",'n',18,001,59.99};// printf("name=%s,sex=%c,age=%d,number=%d,score=%.2f\n",stu1.name,stu1.sex,stu1.age,stu1.num,stu1.score);//給成員變數賦值// stu1.age=28;//Stu stu2={"王五",'f',19,002,60.0};// printf("name=%s,sex=%c,age=%d,number=%d,score=%.2f\n",stu2.name,stu2.sex,stu2.age,stu2.num,stu2.score);//Tea tea1={"張全福",'n',25,150,1200.00};// printf("name=%s,sex=%c,age=%d,height=%d,money=%.2f\n",tea1.name,tea1.sex,tea1.age,tea1.height,tea1.money);#pragma mark-匿名結構體// struct// {// char name[20];// short num;// char sex;// int age;// }stu={0};// struct {// float x;// float y;// }point1={0};// struct myPoint point2={0};// struct myPoint point3={0};// struct student stu4={"張三丰",19,'m'};// printf("%s %d %s",stu4.name,stu4.age,stu4.sex);#pragma mark-結構體的初始化//第一種初始化方法//先定義結構體，在初始化// struct student{// char name[20];// int age;// char sex;// };// struct student boy1={"張三",29,‘f’};//誤點//struct student boy1.name="zhangsanfeng";//錯誤//strcpy(boy1.name,"zhangsanfeng");//誤點//boy1={"laowang",89,'m'};//正確boy1=（struct student）{"laowang",89,'m'};//第2中初始化的方法//struct student{// char name[20];// int age;// char sex;// }boy2={"wangnima",78,'m'};#pragma mark-訪問//更改姓名：//strcpy(boy2.name,"你是誰");// printf("姓名是：%s 年齡是：%d 性別是：%c",boy2.name,boy2.age,boy2.sex);#pragma mark-結構體巢狀// struct birthday{// int year;// int month;// int day;// };// struct teacher// {// char name[20];// int age;// char sex;// struct birthday bir;// };// // struct teacher tea={"laogao",49,'m',{1970,11,11}};// printf("姓名:%s,年齡:%d,性別:%c,生日是:(%d %d %d)\n",tea.name,tea.age,tea.sex,tea.bir.year,tea.bir.month,tea.bir.day);//第一種方式已經有了引數列表// typedef struct struct birthday Birthday;//第2中方式// typedef struct birthday{// int year;// int month;// int day;// }Birthday;#pragma mark-結構體的儲存空間// struct teacher{// char a; //1// int c; //4// long d; //8// short e; //2// double b; //8// float f;//4// };// printf("%lu",sizeof(struct teacher));#pragma mark-結構體陣列Student xiaoMing={"xiaoMing",'m',01,13,59.99};
Student xiaoHong={"xiaoHong",'f',02,12,89.9};
Student xiaoTang={"xiaotang",'f',03,14,100.00};
Student xiaoWangBa={"xiaoWangBa",'m',04,11,92.9};
Student xiaoDong={"xiaoDong",'m',05,15,15};
Student stu[5]={xiaoMing,xiaoHong,xiaoTang,xiaoWangBa,xiaoDong};
//呼叫// sortStudentByScore(stu, 5);//printStudent(stu, 5);Student maxScore=getStudentMaxByScore(stu, 5);
printf("name:%s,sex:%c,num:%d,age:%d,score:%.2f\n",maxScore.name,maxScore.sex,maxScore.num,maxScore.age,maxScore.score);
Student maxAge=getStudentMaxByAge(stu, 5);
printf("name:%s,sex:%c,num:%d,age:%d,score:%.2f\n",maxAge.name,maxAge.sex,maxAge.num,maxAge.age,maxAge.score);
return0;
struct 結構體的定義{
資料型別成員變數1;
資料型別成員變數2;
.....
資料型別成員變數n;
}; 注意“;”
*///typedef(第一種方式)//先定義結構體，在說明結構體變數//struct myPoint{// float x;//行座標// float y;//縱座標//};//typedef struct myPoint point;//第2中方式//在定義結構體的同時，說明結構體變數/*
typedef struct myPoint{
float x;//行座標
float y;//縱座標
}point;
*///定義第三種方式//匿名結構體//struct{// char name[20];
char name[20];
char sex;
int num;
int age;
float score;
}Student;
void sortStudentByScore(Student stu[],int count)
{
for (int i=0; i<count-
for (int j=0; j<count-1-i; j++) {
if (stu[j].score>stu[j+1].score) {
Student tmp=stu[j];
stu[j]=stu[j+1];
stu[j+1]=tmp;
}
}
}
}
//獲取學生陣列成績的最高者Student getStudentMaxByScore(Student stu[],int count)
{
for (int i=0; i<count; i++)
{
//通過成績比較最大值
maxScore=stu[i].score > maxScore.score ? stu[i] : maxScore;
}
return maxScore;
}
Student getStudentMaxByAge(Student stu[],int count)
{
Student maxAge={0};
for (int i=0; i<count; i++)
{
//通過成績比較最大值
maxAge=stu[i].age > maxAge.age ? stu[i] : maxAge;
}
return maxAge;
}
void printStudent(Student stu[],int count)
{
for (int i=0; i<count; i++) {
printf("name:%s,sex:%c,num:%d,age:%d,score:%.2f\n",stu[i].name,stu[i].sex,stu[i].num,stu[i].age,stu[i].score);
}
}
int main(int argc, constchar * argv[]) {
#pragma mark-結構體//struct myPoint point={2.0,5.3};//定義一個數據型別為//struct myPoint,變數名為point，初值為（2.0，5.3）的一個變數。//printf("%lu %lu",sizeof(struct myPoint),sizeof(point));//前面加typedef，後面加上point，以後可以用point代替結構體變數// Student stu1={"laowang",18,001};// Student stu2={"laozhang",80,002};// //訪問結構體.// stu1.age=19;// stu2.number=003;// strcpy(stu1.name,"wangbadan");// printf("name=%s,age=%d,number=%d",stu1.name,stu1.age,stu1.number);// Stu stu1={"張三",'n',18,001,59.99};// printf("name=%s,sex=%c,age=%d,number=%d,score=%.2f\n",stu1.name,stu1.sex,stu1.age,stu1.num,stu1.score);//給成員變數賦值// stu1.age=28;//Stu stu2={"王五",'f',19,002,60.0};// printf("name=%s,sex=%c,age=%d,number=%d,score=%.2f\n",stu2.name,stu2.sex,stu2.age,stu2.num,stu2.score);//Tea tea1={"張全福",'n',25,150,1200.00};// printf("name=%s,sex=%c,age=%d,height=%d,money=%.2f\n",tea1.name,tea1.sex,tea1.age,tea1.height,tea1.money);#pragma mark-匿名結構體// struct// {// char name[20];// short num;// char sex;// int age;// }stu={0};// struct {// float x;// float y;// }point1={0};// struct myPoint point2={0};// struct myPoint point3={0};// struct student stu4={"張三丰",19,'m'};// printf("%s %d %s",stu4.name,stu4.age,stu4.sex);#pragma mark-結構體的初始化//第一種初始化方法//先定義結構體，在初始化// struct student{// char name[20];// int age;// char sex;// };// struct student boy1={"張三",29,‘f’};//誤點//struct student boy1.name="zhangsanfeng";//錯誤//strcpy(boy1.name,"zhangsanfeng");//誤點//boy1={"laowang",89,'m'};//正確boy1=（struct student）{"laowang",89,'m'};//第2中初始化的方法//struct student{// char name[20];// int age;// char sex;// }boy2={"wangnima",78,'m'};#pragma mark-訪問//更改姓名：//strcpy(boy2.name,"你是誰");// printf("姓名是：%s 年齡是：%d 性別是：%c",boy2.name,boy2.age,boy2.sex);#pragma mark-結構體巢狀// struct birthday{// int year;// int month;// int day;// };// struct teacher// {// char name[20];// int age;// char sex;// struct birthday bir;// };// // struct teacher tea={"laogao",49,'m',{1970,11,11}};// printf("姓名:%s,年齡:%d,性別:%c,生日是:(%d %d %d)\n",tea.name,tea.age,tea.sex,tea.bir.year,tea.bir.month,tea.bir.day);//第一種方式已經有了引數列表// typedef struct struct birthday Birthday;//第2中方式// typedef struct birthday{// int year;// int month;// int day;// }Birthday;#pragma mark-結構體的儲存空間// struct teacher{// char a; //1// int c; //4// long d; //8// short e; //2// double b; //8// float f;//4// };// printf("%lu",sizeof(struct teacher));#pragma mark-結構體陣列Student xiaoMing={"xiaoMing",'m',01,13,59.99};
Student xiaoHong={"xiaoHong",'f',02,12,89.9};
Student xiaoTang={"xiaotang",'f',03,14,100.00};
Student xiaoWangBa={"xiaoWangBa",'m',04,11,92.9};
Student xiaoDong={"xiaoDong",'m',05,15,15};
Student stu[5]={xiaoMing,xiaoHong,xiaoTang,xiaoWangBa,xiaoDong};
//呼叫// sortStudentByScore(stu, 5);//printStudent(stu, 5);Student maxScore=getStudentMaxByScore(stu, 5);
printf("name:%s,sex:%c,num:%d,age:%d,score:%.2f\n",maxScore.name,maxScore.sex,maxScore.num,maxScore.age,maxScore.score);
Student maxAge=getStudentMaxByAge(stu, 5);
printf("name:%s,sex:%c,num:%d,age:%d,score:%.2f\n",maxAge.name,maxAge.sex,maxAge.num,maxAge.age,maxAge.score);
return0;