Spring IOC學習心得之Bean對IOC容器的感知
容器管理的Bean一般不需要了解容器的狀態和直接使用Bean,但是在某些情況下,是需要在Bean中直接對IOC容器進行操作的,這時候,就需要在Bean中設定對容器的感知。Spring IOC也提供了該功能,它是通過特定的aware介面來完成的。aware介面有如下這些:
BeanNameAware:可以在Bean中得到它在IOC容器中的Bean的例項名稱
BeanFactoryAware:可以在Bean中得到Bean所在的IOC容器,從而直接在Bean中使用IOC容器的服務
ApplicationContextAware:可以在Bean中得到Bean所在的應用上下文,從而直接在Bean中使用應用上下文的服務
MessageSourceAware:在Bean中可以得到訊息源
ApplicationEventPublisherAware:在Bean中可以得到應用上下文的事件釋出器,從而可以在Bean中釋出應用上下文的事件
ResourceLoaderAware:在Bean中可以得到resourceloader,從而在Bean中使用ResourceLoader載入外部對應的Resource資源
要在自定義的Bean中獲取上述資源,只需要讓Bean實現對應的介面,並覆寫set方法,如下:
public class TestSpring implements ApplicationContextAware{ private ApplicationContext applicationContext; @Override public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException { this.applicationContext = applicationContext; } }
這樣這個Bean實現了ApplicationContextAware介面,並覆寫setApplicationContext方法,就可以獲取到ApplicationContext物件。
這個setApplicationContext方法的回撥是容器自動完成的,容器呼叫該方法的時候,我們就可以將容器傳入的引數applicationContext儲存起來以供使用
setApplicationContext方法被容器的自動呼叫是在BeanPostProcessor介面的方法postProcessBeforeInitialization中完成的,實現是在ApplicationContextAwareProcessor類中,具體程式碼如下:
class ApplicationContextAwareProcessor implements BeanPostProcessor {
private final ConfigurableApplicationContext applicationContext;
private final StringValueResolver embeddedValueResolver;
/**
* Create a new ApplicationContextAwareProcessor for the given context.
*/
public ApplicationContextAwareProcessor(ConfigurableApplicationContext applicationContext) {
this.applicationContext = applicationContext;
this.embeddedValueResolver = new EmbeddedValueResolver(applicationContext.getBeanFactory());
}
@Override
public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(final Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
AccessControlContext acc = null;
if (System.getSecurityManager() != null &&
(bean instanceof EnvironmentAware || bean instanceof EmbeddedValueResolverAware ||
bean instanceof ResourceLoaderAware || bean instanceof ApplicationEventPublisherAware ||
bean instanceof MessageSourceAware || bean instanceof ApplicationContextAware)) {
acc = this.applicationContext.getBeanFactory().getAccessControlContext();
}
if (acc != null) {
AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<Object>() {
@Override
public Object run() {
invokeAwareInterfaces(bean);
return null;
}
}, acc);
}
else {
invokeAwareInterfaces(bean);
}
return bean;
}
//這裡就是容器自動呼叫set方法的地方,其實就是呼叫自定義的TestSpring類實現的setApplicationContext方法,這樣TestSpring類就獲取到了applicationContext
private void invokeAwareInterfaces(Object bean) {
if (bean instanceof Aware) {
if (bean instanceof EnvironmentAware) {
((EnvironmentAware) bean).setEnvironment(this.applicationContext.getEnvironment());
}
if (bean instanceof EmbeddedValueResolverAware) {
((EmbeddedValueResolverAware) bean).setEmbeddedValueResolver(this.embeddedValueResolver);
}
if (bean instanceof ResourceLoaderAware) {
((ResourceLoaderAware) bean).setResourceLoader(this.applicationContext);
}
if (bean instanceof ApplicationEventPublisherAware) {
((ApplicationEventPublisherAware) bean).setApplicationEventPublisher(this.applicationContext);
}
if (bean instanceof MessageSourceAware) {
((MessageSourceAware) bean).setMessageSource(this.applicationContext);
}
if (bean instanceof ApplicationContextAware) {
((ApplicationContextAware) bean).setApplicationContext(this.applicationContext);
}
}
}
@Override
public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) {
return bean;
}
}