Spring4.0MVC學習資料,註解自動掃描bean,自動注入bean(二)
阿新 • • 發佈:2019-01-04
Spring4.0的新特性我們在上一章已經介紹過了。包括它對jdk8的支援,Groovy Bean Definition DSL的支援,核心容器功能的改進,Web開發改進,測試框架改進等等。這張我們主要介紹spring4.0的自動掃描功能,以及對bean的過濾等特性進行學習。
好吧,廢話少說,我們來看看程式碼吧。
配置檔案原始碼:package com.herman.ss.test; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; import com.herman.ss.action.TestAction; import com.herman.ss.filter.Filter1; import com.herman.ss.filter.Filter2; import com.herman.ss.filter.test.Filter3; import com.herman.ss.pojo.House; import com.herman.ss.pojo.Person; /** * @see spring4.0.0最新穩定版新特性,自動掃描bean,自動注入bean * @author Herman.Xiong * @date 2014年7月18日14:49:42 */ public class Test1 { /** * @see spring4.0自動掃描bean,自動注入bean */ public static void test0(){ //1.載入配置檔案 ApplicationContext ctx=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("com/herman/ss/config/applicationContext1.xml"); //2.獲取bean例項 Person person=(Person)ctx.getBean("person"); House house=(House)ctx.getBean("house"); //3.列印bean屬性 System.out.println(person); System.out.println(house); } /** * @see spring4.0簡單業務邏輯的註解 */ public static void test1(){ //1.載入配置檔案 ApplicationContext ctx=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("com/herman/ss/config/applicationContext1.xml"); //2.獲取bean例項 獲取bean TestAction testAction=(TestAction)ctx.getBean("testAction"); //3.列印bean屬性 System.out.println(testAction); //4.呼叫bean物件的方法 testAction.testAction(); //@Service 用於標註業務層元件; //@Repository 用於標註資料訪問層元件; //@Controller 用於標註控制層元件(如:Struts中的action) //@Component 表示泛型元件,當元件不好歸類的時候,我們可以使用這個元件進行註解。 } /** * @see spring4.0簡單註解的排除過濾器配置 */ public static void test2(){ //1.載入配置檔案 ApplicationContext ctx=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("com/herman/ss/config/applicationContext1.xml"); //2.獲取bean例項,只能根據bean的id獲取bean Filter1 filter1=(Filter1)ctx.getBean("filter1"); Filter2 filter2=(Filter2)ctx.getBean("filter2"); //3.列印bean屬性 System.out.println(filter1); System.out.println(filter2); /** * 執行會報錯:Exception in thread "main" org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No bean named 'filter2' is defined * 原因是:filter2被我們排除在外了,不會自動注入 * 因此會拋異常 */ } /** * @see spring4.0簡單註解的包含過濾器配置 */ public static void test3(){ //1.載入配置檔案 ApplicationContext ctx=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("com/herman/ss/config/applicationContext1.xml"); //2.獲取bean例項 Filter3 filter3=(Filter3)ctx.getBean("filter3"); Filter2 filter2=(Filter2)ctx.getBean("filter2"); Filter1 filter1=(Filter1)ctx.getBean("filter1"); //3.列印bean屬性 System.out.println(filter3); System.out.println(filter2); System.out.println(filter1); /** * 執行會報錯:Exception in thread "main" org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No bean named 'filter2' is defined * 原因:filter2 被我們排除在外了 * 因此:我們回去filter2 這個bean物件的時候就會報錯。 * filter1 為什麼不報錯呢,因為我們設定了 com.herman.ss.filter包下面的use-default-filters="true" 自動匯入 * 因此:filter1 不會報錯 */ } public static void main(String[] args) { /** * 註解需要的jar包列舉: * spring-aop-4.0.6.RELEASE.jar * spring-beans-4.0.6.RELEASE.jar * spring-context-4.0.6.RELEASE.jar * spring-core-4.0.6.RELEASE.jar * spring-expression-4.0.6.RELEASE.jar * commons-lang-2.4.jar */ //test0(); //test1(); //test2(); test3(); } }
實體類原始碼:<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd"> <!-- 開啟Spring元件自動掃面,並配置要掃描的基本包 --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.herman.ss.pojo"></context:component-scan> <context:component-scan base-package="com.herman.ss.action"></context:component-scan> <context:component-scan base-package="com.herman.ss.biz"></context:component-scan> <context:component-scan base-package="com.herman.ss.dao"></context:component-scan> <context:component-scan base-package="com.herman.ss.filter" use-default-filters="false"> <!-- 取消自動注入,配置只注入com.herman.ss.filter.test下面的所有類 --> <context:include-filter type="regex" expression="com.herman.ss.filter.test.*"/> </context:component-scan> <context:component-scan base-package="com.herman.ss.filter" use-default-filters="true"> <!-- 自動注入,但是Filter2除外 --> <context:exclude-filter type="regex" expression="com.herman.ss.filter.Filter2" /> </context:component-scan> <!-- 注:<context:component-scan>節點用於通知Spring容器掃描元件,base-package屬性用於指定將要被掃描的元件所在的包名 這裡將自動的配置掃描com.herman.ss.pojo下面的bean --> </beans>
House.java原始碼:package com.herman.ss.pojo; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; /** * @see 實體類使用Component註解 * @author Herman.Xiong * @date 2014年7月24日17:11:59 */ @Component("person") public class Person { private String name; private int age; //這裡設定自動注入 @Autowired private House house; public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public int getAge() { return age; } public void setAge(int age) { this.age = age; } public House getHouse() { return house; } public void setHouse(House house) { this.house = house; } public Person() { super(); } public Person(String name, int age) { super(); this.name = name; this.age = age; } public Person(String name, int age, House house) { super(); this.name = name; this.age = age; this.house = house; } @Override public String toString() { return "Person [age=" + age + ", house=" + house + ", name=" + name + "]"; } }
package com.herman.ss.pojo;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component("house")
public class House {
private String name;
private String address;
private float price;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getAddress() {
return address;
}
public void setAddress(String address) {
this.address = address;
}
public float getPrice() {
return price;
}
public void setPrice(float price) {
this.price = price;
}
public House() {
super();
}
public House(String name, String address, float price) {
super();
this.name = name;
this.address = address;
this.price = price;
}
public String toString() {
return "House [address=" + address + ", name=" + name + ", price="
+ price + "]";
}
}
package com.herman.ss.action;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import com.herman.ss.biz.TestBiz;
/**
* @see 模擬action
* @author Herman.Xiong
* @date 2014年7月24日17:17:16
* @since jdk 1.6,tomcat 6.0
*/
@Controller("testAction")
public class TestAction {
//使用自動載入
@Autowired
private TestBiz testBiz;
//必須提供set方法
public void setTestBiz(TestBiz testBiz) {
this.testBiz = testBiz;
}
public TestAction(){
System.out.println("模擬的action類");
}
public void testAction(){
testBiz.testBiz();
}
}
package com.herman.ss.biz;
/**
* @see 模擬biz層進行註解
* @author Herman.Xiong
* @date 2014年7月24日17:20:25
*/
public interface TestBiz {
void testBiz();
}
package com.herman.ss.biz.impl;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import com.herman.ss.biz.TestBiz;
import com.herman.ss.dao.TestDao;
@Service("testBiz")
public class TestBizImpl implements TestBiz{
@Autowired
private TestDao testDao;
//必須提供set方法
public void setTestDao(TestDao testDao) {
this.testDao = testDao;
}
public void testBiz() {
System.out.println("模擬biz層");
testDao.testDao();
}
}
package com.herman.ss.dao;
/**
* @see 模擬dao層進行註解
* @author Herman.Xiong
* @date 2014年7月24日17:20:25
*/
public interface TestDao {
void testDao();
}
package com.herman.ss.dao.impl;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import com.herman.ss.dao.TestDao;
@Repository("testDao")
public class TestDaoImpl implements TestDao{
public void testDao() {
System.out.println("模擬dao層");
}
}
package com.herman.ss.filter;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
//Scope註解設定作用域
@Controller("filter1")@Scope("prototype")
public class Filter1 {
public Filter1(){
System.out.println("我是Filter1 ...");
System.out.println("Scope註解設定作用域");
}
}
package com.herman.ss.filter.test;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
@Controller("filter3")
public class Filter3 {
public Filter3(){
System.out.println("我是filter3");
}
}
package com.herman.ss.filter;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
@Controller("filter2")
public class Filter2 {
public Filter2(){
System.out.println("我是Filter2 ...");
}
}
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