樹莓派使用4G模組（華為ME909s-821）親身嘗試的可行方法（上）
大部分樹莓派使用者使用raspbian系統和ubuntu mate系統，所以我只在這兩個系統上嘗試使用4G模組，模組使用Mini PCI-E轉USB開發板，接入到樹莓派上，配置網路方法具體如下：
本篇介紹raspbian系統，ubuntu mate系統將在下一篇介紹
4G模組能直接被系統識別，無需安裝驅動，可以通過lsusb和ifconfig命令檢視狀況：
[email protected]:~$ lsusb
Bus 001 Device 007: ID 12d1:15c1 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
Bus 001 Device 006: ID 0a05:7211 Unknown Manufacturer hub
Bus 001 Device 005: ID 413c:2107 Dell Computer Corp.
Bus 001 Device 004: ID 413c:301a Dell Computer Corp.
Bus 001 Device 003: ID 0424:ec00 Standard Microsystems Corp. SMSC9512/9514 Fast Ethernet Adapter
Bus 001 Device 002: ID 0424:9514 Standard Microsystems Corp. SMC9514 Hub
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
[email protected]:~$ ifconfig
enxb827ebdc8c6f Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr b8:27:eb:dc:8c:6f
inet addr:192.168.1.101 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::ca29:cc82:f9d1:dd9/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:44427 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:1460 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:2462495 (2.4 MB) TX bytes:134180 (134.1 KB)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1
RX packets:475 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:475 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1
RX bytes:33987 (33.9 KB) TX bytes:33987 (33.9 KB)
usb0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 02:1e:10:1f:00:00
inet addr:10.27.145.51 Bcast:10.27.145.55 Mask:255.255.255.248
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:63 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:89 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:13037 (13.0 KB) TX bytes:12466 (12.4 KB)
wlan0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr b8:27:eb:89:d9:3a
UP BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:242 errors:0 dropped:242 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:85717 (85.7 KB) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)
在raspbian系統下使用wvdial來撥號連線4G網路
安裝wvdial：
sudo apt-get install wvdial
配置連線資訊：
sudo vi /etc/wvdial.conf
如下配置：
[Dialer hw1]
Init1 = ATZ
Init2 = ATQ0 V1 E1 S0=0
Init3 = AT+CGDCONT=1,"IP","3gnet"
Modem Type = Analog Modem
Baud = 9600 # 波特率常見的是9600 115200 460800
New PPPD = yes
Modem = /dev/ttyUSB0
ISDN = 0
Phone = *99#
Password = guest
Username = guest
Auto DNS = on
撥號上網：
sudo wvdial hw1
需要等待一會兒
此時可以通過ifconfig看到多出了個ppp0的網絡卡裝置，並且已經獲得IP地址
但是還是無法ping通外網，檢視路由表資訊如下：
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 U 0 0 0 eth0
10.64.64.64 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 ppp0
192.168.1.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 202 0 0 eth0
可以看出訪問未知目標時，使用的是eth0的網絡卡，此處我們將其修改為使用ppp0來訪問未知目標：
刪除eth0的第一條路由資訊：
sudo route del –net 0.0.0.0 eth0
新增一條ppp0的路由資訊：
sudo route add –net 0.0.0.0 ppp0
修改後路由資訊為：
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 U 0 0 0 ppp0
10.64.64.64 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 ppp0
192.168.1.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 202 0 0 eth0
可以嘗試ping內網和外網：
[email protected]:~ $ ping 192.168.1.1
PING 192.168.1.1 (192.168.1.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.522 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.470 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.402 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.1: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.449 ms
[email protected]:~ $ ping www.baidu.com
PING www.a.shifen.com (61.135.169.125) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 61.135.169.125: icmp_seq=1 ttl=54 time=23.3 ms
64 bytes from 61.135.169.125: icmp_seq=2 ttl=54 time=27.0 ms
64 bytes from 61.135.169.125: icmp_seq=3 ttl=54 time=13.5 ms
64 bytes from 61.135.169.125: icmp_seq=4 ttl=54 time=23.1 ms