Cygwin-安裝和配置ssh服務
阿新 • • 發佈：2019-01-06
Cygwin介紹：
Cygwin是一個在windows平臺上執行的類UNIX模擬環境，它對於學習UNIX/Linux操作環境，或者從UNIX到Windows的應用程式移植，或者進行某些特殊的開發工作，尤其是使用GNU工具集在Windows上進行嵌入式系統開發，非常有用。
因為要學習hadoop分散式檔案系統，想在window下模擬linux環境進行部署。所以想到用cygwin工具。
先將幾個我在安裝過程中遇到的問題：
1.安裝時最好明確自己要安裝那些服務，根據自己的實際需要而定，我一次安裝就因為漏選了openssh，後來重灌了，
2.重灌可以不用先解除安裝，直接點選setup.exe,進行安裝，
3.那個選擇下載站點就選預設的就好了http://mirrons.163.com。
4.安裝ssh服務時配置無密碼是總是出錯
錯誤如下：刪掉.ssh資料夾，用密碼登陸也是不成功。試了好幾次，也重灌了cygwin64位還是無效，最後安裝cygwin32位的才可以。
[email protected] ~ $ cd ~/.ssh [email protected]~/.ssh $ ssh localhost [email protected]'s password: 2 [main] sshd 3804 D:\SofeWare\cygwin\usr\sbin\sshd.exe: *** fatal error - NtCreateEvent(lock): 0xC0000058 Connection to localhost closed.
注意配置 ssh的時候，yes/no的選擇要小心點，不小心就會出錯。
[email protected] ~
$ ssh-host-config
*** Info: Generating missing SSH host keys
ssh-keygen: generating new host keys: RSA1 RSA DSA ECDSA ED25519
*** Info: Creating default /etc/ssh_config file
*** Info: Creating default /etc/sshd_config file
*** Info: StrictModes is set to 'yes' by default.
*** Info: This is the recommended setting, but it requires that the POSIX
*** Info: permissions of the user's home directory, the user's .ssh
*** Info: directory, and the user's ssh key files are tight so that
*** Info: only the user has write permissions.
*** Info: On the other hand, StrictModes don't work well with default
*** Info: Windows permissions of a home directory mounted with the
*** Info: 'noacl' option, and they don't work at all if the home
*** Info: directory is on a FAT or FAT32 partition.
*** Query: Should StrictModes be used? (yes/no) no
*** Info: Privilege separation is set to 'sandbox' by default since
*** Info: OpenSSH 6.1. This is unsupported by Cygwin and has to be set
*** Info: to 'yes' or 'no'.
*** Info: However, using privilege separation requires a non-privileged account
*** Info: called 'sshd'.
*** Info: For more info on privilege separation read /usr/share/doc/openssh/README.privsep.
*** Query: Should privilege separation be used? (yes/no) no
*** Info: Updating /etc/sshd_config file
*** Query: Do you want to install sshd as a service?
*** Query: (Say "no" if it is already installed as a service) (yes/no) yes
*** Query: Enter the value of CYGWIN for the daemon: [] ntsec
*** Info: On Windows Server 2003, Windows Vista, and above, the
*** Info: SYSTEM account cannot setuid to other users -- a capability
*** Info: sshd requires. You need to have or to create a privileged
*** Info: account. This script will help you do so.
*** Info: It's not possible to use the LocalSystem account for services
*** Info: that can change the user id without an explicit password
*** Info: (such as passwordless logins [e.g. public key authentication]
*** Info: via sshd) when having to create the user token from scratch.
*** Info: For more information on this requirement, see
*** Info: https://cygwin.com/cygwin-ug-net/ntsec.html#ntsec-nopasswd1
*** Info: If you want to enable that functionality, it's required to create
*** Info: a new account with special privileges (unless such an account
*** Info: already exists). This account is then used to run these special
*** Info: servers.
*** Info: Note that creating a new user requires that the current account
*** Info: have Administrator privileges itself.
*** Info: No privileged account could be found.
*** Info: This script plans to use 'cyg_server'.
*** Info: 'cyg_server' will only be used by registered services.
*** Query: Do you want to use a different name? (yes/no) no
*** Query: Create new privileged user account 'LYX\cyg_server' (Cygwin name: 'cyg_server')? (yes/no) no
*** ERROR: There was a serious problem creating a privileged user.
*** Query: Do you want to proceed anyway? (yes/no) no
安裝教材：
網上安裝教材很多，我就不贅述了。