(最新)使用爬蟲刷CSDN部落格訪問量——親測有效
說明:該篇部落格是博主一字一碼編寫的,實屬不易,請尊重原創,謝謝大家!
1.概述
前言:前兩天剛寫了第一篇部落格https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41782425/article/details/84934224 發現閱讀量很少,博主很生氣,當時就想到使用爬蟲來增加閱讀量,於是一言不合就開始敲程式碼
分析:首先剛開始我覺得csdn網站不存在反爬蟲,於是直接通過urllib2庫對我寫的第一篇文章,進行while True無限迴圈訪問,然後通過print response.url發現響應的url地址變成了https://passport.csdn.net/login?xxxxxxx,根本沒有進入我要訪問的url地址,當通過瀏覽器不斷訪問部落格時,也會提示登入,所以使用爬蟲進行訪問也同樣會跳轉到登入介面的,所以我自己將headers中附帶登入後的cookie,這樣就不會再從訪問內容目標地址跳轉到登入地址了。
說明:原本我打算使用scrapy框架進行爬取,但是內容太少,不需要爬取全網站,所以直接寫個爬蟲py檔案即可,為了防止訪問太密集導致被封IP,所以使用了https://www.kuaidaili.com/free/inha/ 該免費代理網站的代理IP,也是用了User-Agent大全進行隱藏本機的UA。
注:CSDN網站並不是淘寶同級網站,所以爬取該網站很簡單
2.閒話不扯了,直接看程式碼
1.USER-AGENT程式碼:
反爬蟲和隱藏本機UA是不可缺少的一步(User-Agent這個網上一搜一大把)
USER_AGENTS = [ 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/39.0.2171.95 Safari/537.36 OPR/26.0.1656.60', 'Opera/8.0 (Windows NT 5.1; U; en)', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1; U; en; rv:1.8.1) Gecko/20061208 Firefox/2.0.0 Opera 9.50', 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; en) Opera 9.50', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:34.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/34.0', 'Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux x86_64; zh-CN; rv:1.9.2.10) Gecko/20100922 Ubuntu/10.10 (maverick) Firefox/3.6.10', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/534.57.2 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.1.7 Safari/534.57.2', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/39.0.2171.71 Safari/537.36', 'Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/23.0.1271.64 Safari/537.11', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.16 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/10.0.648.133 Safari/534.16', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1132.11 TaoBrowser/2.0 Safari/536.11', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/21.0.1180.71 Safari/537.1 LBBROWSER', 'Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/5.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E; LBBROWSER)', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1) AppleWebKit/535.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/17.0.963.84 Safari/535.11 SE 2.X MetaSr 1.0', 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 5.1; Trident/4.0; SV1; QQDownload 732; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E; SE 2.X MetaSr 1.0)', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/38.0.2125.122 UBrowser/4.0.3214.0 Safari/537.36' ]
2.URL程式碼:
準備將要訪問的url連結地址(存在url_list列表中,這裡是我個人部落格的網址,包括資源,帖子等)
說明:這樣做可以將訪問度減少,避免檢測到某個頁面在極斷時間內一直在被訪問
url_list = [ "https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41782425/article/details/84934224", "https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41782425/article/category/8519763", "https://me.csdn.net/qq_41782425", "https://me.csdn.net/download/qq_41782425", "https://me.csdn.net/bbs/qq_41782425" ]
3.proxy程式碼:
說明:代理這塊我跟大多人不一樣,我是直接寫一個get_proxy方法,利用爬蟲將代理網站的IP爬取下來,存在類屬性中方便我在程式碼中使用,不用open在read那些華而不實的方法
注:因程式碼簡單所以沒有加註釋(有不懂的可以在下面評論,我這個方法線上爬取都是最新的免費代理,好到爆炸)
def get_proxy(self):
self.page+=1
headers = {"User-Agent" : "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_7_0) AppleWebKit/535.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/17.0.963.56 Safari/535.11"}
request = urllib2.Request("https://www.kuaidaili.com/free/inha/"+str(self.page), headers=headers)
html = urllib2.urlopen(request).read()
# print html
content = etree.HTML(html)
ip = content.xpath('//td[@data-title="IP"]/text()')
port = content.xpath('//td[@data-title="PORT"]/text()')
for i in range(len(ip)):
for p in range(len(port)):
if i == p:
if ip[i] + ':' + port[p] not in self.proxy:
self.proxy.append(ip[i] + ':' + port[p])
# print self.proxy
if self.proxy:
print "現在使用的是第" + str(self.page) + "頁代理IP"
self.spider()
4.spider程式碼:
說明:通過urllib2中的ProxyHandler類構建一個Handler處理器物件,再通過build_opener方法構建一個全域性的opener,之後所有的請求都可以用urlopen()方式去傳送即可
注:為了讓大家更清楚,最後添加了註釋(大家覺得寫得不錯的就點個喜歡,謝謝)
def spider(self):
num = 0 # 用於訪問計數
err_num = 0 #用於異常錯誤計數
while True:
# 從列表中隨機選擇UA和代理
user_agent = random.choice(self.USER_AGENTS)
proxy = random.choice(self.proxy)
# proxy = json.loads('{"http":'+'"'+proxy+'"}')
# print proxy
# print type(proxy)
referer = random.choice(self.url_list) #隨機選擇訪問url地址
headers = {
# "Host": "blog.csdn.net",
"Connection": "keep-alive",
"Cache-Control": "max-age=0",
"Upgrade-Insecure-Requests": "1",
# "User-Agent": user_agent,
"Accept": "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8",
# "Referer": "https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41782425/article/details/84934224",
# "Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate, br",
"Accept-Language": "zh-CN,zh;q=0.9",
"Cookie": "your cookie"
}
try:
# 構建一個Handler處理器物件,引數是一個字典型別,包括代理型別和代理伺服器IP+PROT
httpproxy_handler = urllib2.ProxyHandler({"http": proxy})
opener = urllib2.build_opener(httpproxy_handler)
urllib2.install_opener(opener)
request = urllib2.Request(referer,headers=headers)
request.add_header("User-Agent", user_agent)
response = urllib2.urlopen(request)
html = response.read()
# 利用etree.HTML,將字串解析為HTML文件
content = etree.HTML(html)
# 使用xpath匹配閱讀量
read_num = content.xpath('//span[@class="read-count"]/text()')
# 將列表轉為字串
new_read_num = ''.join(read_num)
# 通過xpath匹配的頁面為blog.csdn.net/qq_41782425/article/details/84934224所以匹配其他頁面返回的為空
if len(new_read_num) != 0:
print new_read_num
num += 1
print '第' + str(num) + '次訪問'
print response.url + " 代理ip: " + str(proxy)
# print request.headers
time.sleep(1)
# 當訪問數量達到100時,退出迴圈,並呼叫get_proxy方法獲取第二頁的代理
if num > 100:
break
except Exception as result:
err_num+=1
print "錯誤資訊(%d):%s"%(err_num,result)
# 當錯誤資訊大於等於30時,初始化代理頁面page,重新從第一頁開始獲取代理ip,並退出迴圈
if err_num >=30:
self.__init__()
break
# url = "https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41782425/article/details/84934224"
# try:
# response = requests.get(url,headers=headers,proxies={"http":""})
# num += 1
# print '第' + str(num) + '次訪問'
# print response.url
# except Exception as result:
# err_num+=1
# print "錯誤資訊(%d):%s"%(err_num,result)
# if err_num >=30:
# break
# 當退出迴圈時,看就會執行get_proxy獲取代理的方法
print "正在重新獲取代理IP"
self.get_proxy()
5.啟動程式碼:
if __name__ == "__main__":
CsdnSpider().get_proxy()
6.效果圖:
D:\PycharmProjects\Web_Crawler\venv\Scripts\python.exe D:/PycharmProjects/Web_Crawler/practice/csdnSpider.py
現在使用的是第1頁代理IP
第1次訪問
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41782425/article/category/8519763 代理ip: 123.162.168.192:8088
第2次訪問
https://me.csdn.net/bbs/qq_41782425 代理ip: 60.182.22.244:8118
第3次訪問
https://me.csdn.net/qq_41782425 代理ip: 222.186.45.144:9000
第4次訪問
https://me.csdn.net/qq_41782425 代理ip: 27.24.215.49:37644
第5次訪問
https://me.csdn.net/qq_41782425 代理ip: 101.76.209.69:9000
第6次訪問
https://me.csdn.net/bbs/qq_41782425 代理ip: 175.11.194.73:80
第7次訪問
https://me.csdn.net/download/qq_41782425 代理ip: 111.230.254.195:47891
第8次訪問
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41782425/article/category/8519763 代理ip: 123.162.168.192:53281
第9次訪問
https://me.csdn.net/bbs/qq_41782425 代理ip: 180.118.134.103:8118
閱讀數:419
第10次訪問
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41782425/article/details/84934224 代理ip: 111.198.77.169:47891
第11次訪問
https://me.csdn.net/qq_41782425 代理ip: 27.24.215.49:8118
閱讀數:419
第12次訪問
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41782425/article/details/84934224 代理ip: 221.224.136.211:9000
第13次訪問
https://me.csdn.net/qq_41782425 代理ip: 221.224.136.211:8118
第14次訪問
https://me.csdn.net/download/qq_41782425 代理ip: 222.171.251.43:35101
閱讀數:419
第15次訪問
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41782425/article/details/84934224 代理ip: 111.230.254.195:8118
閱讀數:419
第16次訪問
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41782425/article/details/84934224 代理ip: 180.118.86.75:1080
第17次訪問
https://me.csdn.net/qq_41782425 代理ip: 101.76.209.69:47891
第18次訪問
https://me.csdn.net/bbs/qq_41782425 代理ip: 222.186.45.144:37644
第19次訪問
https://me.csdn.net/qq_41782425 代理ip: 123.162.168.192:42164
第20次訪問
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41782425/article/category/8519763 代理ip: 180.118.134.103:47891
說明:因為訪問時間過快閱讀數過段時間再到瀏覽器重新整理即可,還有一個情況就是我列印的閱讀量為第一篇部落格的閱讀量,隨機訪問5個頁面,所以看到的閱讀量是慢慢的增加,這樣也是比較安全的,當訪問超過100後,會更換第二頁的代理,測試都沒問題
注:當打印出來的response.url為https://passport.csdn.net/login時,就要更換你的cookie了
閱讀數:420
第98次訪問
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41782425/article/details/84934224 代理ip: 47.95.9.128:8118
第99次訪問
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41782425/article/category/8519763 代理ip: 111.198.77.169:80
第100次訪問
https://me.csdn.net/qq_41782425 代理ip: 111.198.77.169:8088
第101次訪問
https://me.csdn.net/qq_41782425 代理ip: 124.235.135.210:8118
正在重新獲取代理IP
現在使用的是第2頁代理IP
閱讀數:420
第1次訪問
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41782425/article/details/84934224 代理ip: 221.224.136.211:35101
閱讀數:420
第2次訪問
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41782425/article/details/84934224 代理ip: 115.223.243.136:13289
第3次訪問
https://me.csdn.net/download/qq_41782425 代理ip: 180.104.107.46:9000
第4次訪問
https://me.csdn.net/qq_41782425 代理ip: 139.196.125.96:9000
第5次訪問
https://me.csdn.net/download/qq_41782425 代理ip: 180.118.128.250:8118
第6次訪問
https://me.csdn.net/download/qq_41782425 代理ip: 180.118.134.103:53281
第7次訪問
https://me.csdn.net/bbs/qq_41782425 代理ip: 182.107.13.217:9000
第8次訪問
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41782425/article/category/8519763 代理ip: 115.223.243.136:9000
閱讀數:421
第9次訪問
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41782425/article/details/84934224 代理ip: 115.223.243.136:9000
第10次訪問
https://me.csdn.net/qq_41782425 代理ip: 121.232.194.69:9000
第11次訪問
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41782425/article/category/8519763 代理ip: 139.196.125.96:9000
第12次訪問
https://me.csdn.net/qq_41782425 代理ip: 175.11.194.73:9000
3.完整程式碼
說明:嘗試自己寫一下,邏輯很簡單,實現也很簡單
# coding:utf-8
import urllib2
from lxml import etree
import random
import time
import json,requests
class CsdnSpider():
USER_AGENTS = [
'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/39.0.2171.95 Safari/537.36 OPR/26.0.1656.60',
'Opera/8.0 (Windows NT 5.1; U; en)',
'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1; U; en; rv:1.8.1) Gecko/20061208 Firefox/2.0.0 Opera 9.50',
'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; en) Opera 9.50',
'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:34.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/34.0',
'Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux x86_64; zh-CN; rv:1.9.2.10) Gecko/20100922 Ubuntu/10.10 (maverick) Firefox/3.6.10',
'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/534.57.2 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.1.7 Safari/534.57.2',
'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/39.0.2171.71 Safari/537.36',
'Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/23.0.1271.64 Safari/537.11',
'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.16 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/10.0.648.133 Safari/534.16',
'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1132.11 TaoBrowser/2.0 Safari/536.11',
'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/21.0.1180.71 Safari/537.1 LBBROWSER',
'Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/5.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E; LBBROWSER)',
'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1) AppleWebKit/535.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/17.0.963.84 Safari/535.11 SE 2.X MetaSr 1.0',
'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 5.1; Trident/4.0; SV1; QQDownload 732; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E; SE 2.X MetaSr 1.0)',
'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/38.0.2125.122 UBrowser/4.0.3214.0 Safari/537.36'
]
url_list = [
"https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41782425/article/details/84934224",
"https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41782425/article/category/8519763",
"https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41782425/article/details/84993073",
"https://me.csdn.net/qq_41782425",
"https://me.csdn.net/download/qq_41782425",
"https://me.csdn.net/bbs/qq_41782425"
]
def __init__(self):
self.page = 0
self.proxy = []
def get_proxy(self):
self.page+=1
headers = {"User-Agent" : "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_7_0) AppleWebKit/535.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/17.0.963.56 Safari/535.11"}
request = urllib2.Request("https://www.kuaidaili.com/free/inha/"+str(self.page), headers=headers)
html = urllib2.urlopen(request).read()
# print html
content = etree.HTML(html)
ip = content.xpath('//td[@data-title="IP"]/text()')
port = content.xpath('//td[@data-title="PORT"]/text()')
# 將對應的ip和port進行拼接
for i in range(len(ip)):
for p in range(len(port)):
if i == p:
if ip[i] + ':' + port[p] not in self.proxy:
self.proxy.append(ip[i] + ':' + port[p])
# print self.proxy
if self.proxy:
print "現在使用的是第" + str(self.page) + "頁代理IP"
self.spider()
def spider(self):
num = 0 # 用於訪問計數
err_num = 0 #用於異常錯誤計數
while True:
# 從列表中隨機選擇UA和代理
user_agent = random.choice(self.USER_AGENTS)
proxy = random.choice(self.proxy)
# proxy = json.loads('{"http":'+'"'+proxy+'"}')
# print proxy
# print type(proxy)
referer = random.choice(self.url_list) #隨機選擇訪問url地址
headers = {
# "Host": "blog.csdn.net",
"Connection": "keep-alive",
"Cache-Control": "max-age=0",
"Upgrade-Insecure-Requests": "1",
# "User-Agent": user_agent,
"Accept": "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8",
# "Referer": "https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41782425/article/details/84934224",
# "Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate, br",
"Accept-Language": "zh-CN,zh;q=0.9",
"Cookie": "your cookie"
}
try:
# 構建一個Handler處理器物件,引數是一個字典型別,包括代理型別和代理伺服器IP+PROT
httpproxy_handler = urllib2.ProxyHandler({"http": proxy})
opener = urllib2.build_opener(httpproxy_handler)
urllib2.install_opener(opener)
request = urllib2.Request(referer,headers=headers)
request.add_header("User-Agent", user_agent)
response = urllib2.urlopen(request)
html = response.read()
# 利用etree.HTML,將字串解析為HTML文件
content = etree.HTML(html)
# 使用xpath匹配閱讀量
read_num = content.xpath('//span[@class="read-count"]/text()')
# 將列表轉為字串
new_read_num = ''.join(read_num)
# 通過xpath匹配的頁面為blog.csdn.net/qq_41782425/article/details/84934224所以匹配其他頁面返回的為空
if len(new_read_num) != 0:
print new_read_num
num += 1
print '第' + str(num) + '次訪問'
print response.url + " 代理ip: " + str(proxy)
# print request.headers
time.sleep(1)
# 當訪問數量達到100時,退出迴圈,並呼叫get_proxy方法獲取第二頁的代理
if num > 100:
break
except Exception as result:
err_num+=1
print "錯誤資訊(%d):%s"%(err_num,result)
# 當錯誤資訊大於等於30時,初始化代理頁面page,重新從第一頁開始獲取代理ip,並退出迴圈
if err_num >=30:
self.__init__()
break
# url = "https://blog.csdn.net/qq_41782425/article/details/84934224"
# try:
# response = requests.get(url,headers=headers,proxies={"http":""})
# num += 1
# print '第' + str(num) + '次訪問'
# print response.url
# except Exception as result:
# err_num+=1
# print "錯誤資訊(%d):%s"%(err_num,result)
# if err_num >=30:
# break
# 當退出迴圈時,看就會執行get_proxy獲取代理的方法
print "正在重新獲取代理IP"
self.get_proxy()
if __name__ == "__main__":
CsdnSpider().get_proxy()