【Ubuntu】搭建環境安裝軟體前apt-get update失敗，怎麼辦？
阿新 • • 發佈：2019-01-10
**我一般更新或安裝軟體使用的都是root許可權，自己的測試虛擬機器無所謂，如果你使用伺服器請慎用root許可權。**
命令列下輸入
sudo apt-get updateErr http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com trusty InRelease Err http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com trusty-updates InRelease Err http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com trusty-backports InRelease Err http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com trusty Release.gpg W: Failed to fetch http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/trusty/InRelease
根據提示的錯誤顯示，可能是資源有問題，應該是訪問被阻止，沒有梯子。
推薦幾個方案：
方案一：修改Ubuntu中/etc/hosts檔案，新增可翻牆hosts（資源可以google或百度一下，這就不介紹了）
方案二：修改/etc/apt/source.list檔案。將源改成163的或者阿里的：備份系統中的源列表，開啟終端，輸入：
sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list_backup在/etc/apt/source.list檔案中新增，下面內容，但彆著急先看後面
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ vivid main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ vivid-security main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ vivid-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ vivid-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ vivid-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ vivid main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ vivid-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ vivid-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ vivid-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ vivid-backports main restricted universe multiverse
可是這個source.list檔案是隻讀許可權，無法進行修改。
（1.桌面版sudo gedit /etc/apt/source.list修改，但是gedit 指令沒有裝，使用sudo apt-get install gedit又安裝不了。
2.伺服器版vim /etc/apt/source.list修改，又沒有許可權）
方案三：修改DNS（可行）
首先檢視/etc/resolv.conf
cat /etc/resolv.conf
隨後命令列執行：
sudo vi /etc/resolvconf/resolv.conf.d/base在裡面插入（如果使用終端，可以直接複製貼上）：
修改好，【!wq】退出儲存，nameserver 8.8.8.8 nameserver 8.8.4.4
然後執行：
sudo resolvconf -ucat /etc/resolv.conf#這塊顯示原來的資訊
nameserver 8.8.8.8
nameserver 8.8.4.4sudo apt-get update可以執行，然後可以使用sudo apt-get install **指令了。
=================================================================
問題又來了：下載倉庫資訊失敗
實際上，有兩種型別的下載倉庫資訊失敗錯誤。如果你的錯誤是這樣的：
W:Failed to fetch bzip2:/var/lib/apt/lists/partial/in.archive.ubuntu.comubuntudistsoneiricrestrictedbinary-i386Packages Hash Sum mismatch,
W:Failed to fetch bzip2:/var/lib/apt/lists/partial/in.archive.ubuntu.comubuntudistsoneiricmultiversebinary-i386Packages Hash Sum mismatch,
E:Some index files failed to download. They have been ignored, or old ones used instead那麼，你可以用以下命令修復：
sudo rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
sudo apt-get update=====================================================================
問題又來了：部分更新錯誤
在終端中執行更新會出現部分更新錯誤：
Not all updates can be installed
Run a partial upgrade, to install as many updates as possible在終端中執行以下命令來修復該錯誤：
sudo apt-get install -f=====================================================================
同方案三：
當執行apt-get update後出現如下錯誤時：
出現了某些故障（-5 - 沒有與主機名關聯的地址）
E: Some index files failed to download, they have been ignored, or old ones used instead. 可以將目錄下/var/lib/apt/lists/partial/所有的檔案清掉（感覺不靠譜），再次執行apt-get update即可！
如果還有問題，請檢查resolvconf服務的配置檔案:
/etc/resolvconf/resolv.conf.d/base
很可能是DNS的問題，可以使用公共的dns地址（操作參考方案三）：
nameserver 8.8.8.8
nameserver 4.2.2.2
Ubuntu12.04自帶源在大陸不好。可以更換其他源：
如果是其它ubuntu版本，只需把precise改為相應的版本的名字。hardy(8.04),lucid(10.04),maverick(10.10),oneiric(11.10),quantal(12.10),precise(12.04) trusty(14.04)
在/etc/apt/sources.list新增的內容有以下幾種：
163
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ precise-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/precise-backports main restricted universe multiversesohu
deb http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precisec-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverseustc
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse備註：文中方案一、三，嘗試過可行，解決方案來自網路。