nginx的流媒體播放
實驗目的:讓Nginx支援flv和mp4格式檔案，同時支援Rtmp協議；同時開啟rtmp的hls功能
資料:
HTTP Live Streaming（縮寫是 HLS）是一個由蘋果公司提出的基於HTTP的流媒體 網路傳輸協議。
HLS只請求基本的HTTP報文，與實時傳輸協議（RTP)不同，HLS可以穿過任何允許HTTP資料通過的防火牆或者代理伺服器。它也很容易使用內容分發網路來傳輸媒體流。
使用ffmpeg來完成對flv、mp4、mp3等格式的轉化（點播實驗暫時不測試）
一、準備工作
模組:nginx_mod_h264_streaming(支援h264編碼的視訊)
模組:http_flv_module 支援flv
模組:http_mp4_module 支援mp4
下載地址:
http://h264.code-shop.com/download/nginx_mod_h264_streaming-2.2.7.tar.gz
http://nginx.org
https://github.com/arut/nginx-rtmp-module
1、安裝依賴包:
#yum -y install gcc glibc glibc-devel make nasm pkgconfig lib-devel openssl-devel expat-devel gettext-devel libtool mhash.x86_64 perl-Digest-SHA1.x86_64
2、安裝git工具:
#mkdir soft-source
#cd soft-source
#wget http://www.codemonkey.org.uk/projects/git-snapshots/git/git-latest.tar.gz
#tar xzvf git-latest.tar.gz
#cd git-2013-02-04
#autoconf
#./configure
#make && make install
# git –version
git version 1.8.1.GIT
#cd ..
3、安裝ffmpeg及其依賴包：
++++++++Yasm+++++++++++
#wget http://www.tortall.net/projects/yasm/releases/yasm-1.2.0.tar.gz
#tar xzvf yasm-1.2.0.tar.gz
#cd yasm-1.2.0
#./configure
#make
#make install
#cd ..
++++++++x264+++++++++++
#git clone git://git.videolan.org/x264
#cd x264
#./configure –enable-shared
#make
#make install
#cd ..
++++++++LAME+++++++++++
#wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/lame/lame/3.99/lame-3.99.5.tar.gz
#tar xzvf lame-3.99.5.tar.gz
#cd lame-3.99.5
#./configure –enable-nasm
#make
#make install
#cd ..
++++++++libogg+++++++++++
#wget http://downloads.xiph.org/releases/ogg/libogg-1.3.0.tar.gz
#tar xzvf libogg-1.3.0.tar.gz
#cd libogg-1.3.0
#./configure
#make
#make install
#cd ..
++++++++libvorbis+++++++++++
#wget http://downloads.xiph.org/releases/vorbis/libvorbis-1.3.3.tar.gz
#tar xzvf libvorbis-1.3.3.tar.gz
#cd libvorbis-1.3.3
#./configure
#make
#make install
#cd ..
++++++++libvpx+++++++++++
#git clone http://git.chromium.org/webm/libvpx.git
#cd libvpx
#./configure –enable-shared
#make
#make install
#cd ..
++++++++FAAD2+++++++++++
#wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/faac/faad2-src/faad2-2.7/faad2-2.7.tar.gz
#tar zxvf faad2-2.7.tar.gz
#cd faad2-2.7
#./configure
#make
#make install
#cd ..
++++++++FAAC+++++++++++
#wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/faac/faac-src/faac-1.28/faac-1.28.tar.gz
#tar zxvf faac-1.28.tar.gz
#cd faac-1.28
#./configure
#make
#make install
#cd ..
++++++++Xvid+++++++++++
#wget http://downloads.xvid.org/downloads/xvidcore-1.3.2.tar.gz
#tar zxvf xvidcore-1.3.2.tar.gz
#cd xvidcore/build/generic
#./configure
#make
#make install
cd ..
#git clone git://source.ffmpeg.org/ffmpeg
#cd ffmpeg
#./configure –prefix=/opt/ffmpeg/ –enable-version3 –enable-libvpx –enable-libfaac –enable-libmp3lame –enable-libvorbis –enable-libx264 –enable-libxvid –enable-shared –enable-gpl –enable-postproc –enable-nonfree –enable-avfilter –enable-pthreads
#make && make install
#cd ..
修改/etc/ld.so.conf如下:
include ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
/lib
/lib64
/usr/lib
/usr/lib64
/usr/local/lib
/usr/local/lib64
/opt/ffmpeg/lib
#ldconfig
二、安裝Nginx相關模組
#tar zxvf nginx_mod_h264_streaming-2.2.7.tar.gz
#git clone git://github.com/arut/nginx-rtmp-module.git
#tar zxvf pcre-8.12.tar.gz
#cd pcre-8.12
#./configure
#make && make install
#tar zxvf nginx-1.2.6.tar.gz
#cd nginx-1.2.6
#./configure –prefix=/usr/local/nginx –add-module=../nginx_mod_h264_streaming-2.2.7 –with-http_flv_module –with-http_gzip_static_module –with-http_stub_status_module –with-http_mp4_module –add-module=../nginx-rtmp-module –add-module=../nginx-rtmp-module/hls
–with-cc-opt=-I/opt/ffmpeg/include –with-ld-opt=’-L/opt/ffmpeg/lib -Wl,-rpath=/opt/ffmpeg/lib’
#make && make install
三、修改nginx主配置檔案,配置虛擬主機(這裡我們暫時只配置和測試點播，直播請看借鑑地址):
user nobody nobody;
worker_processes 4;
error_log logs/nginx_error.log info;
pid logs/nginx.pid;
worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;
events
{
use epoll;
worker_connections 51200;
}
#rtmp_auto_push on;
rtmp {
server {
listen 1935;
application vod {
play /opt/media/nginxrtmp/flv;
}
}
}
http
{
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
client_header_buffer_size 32k;
large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
client_max_body_size 50m ;
limit_conn_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=perip:256k;
limit_conn_log_level notice;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 6000;#測試併發臨時調大
tcp_nodelay on;
gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 16k;
gzip_http_version 1.0;
gzip_comp_level 2;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
gzip_vary on;
#log format
log_format main ‘$remote_addr – $remote_user [$time_local] “$request” ‘
‘$status $body_bytes_sent “$http_referer” ‘
‘”$http_user_agent” $http_x_forwarded_for’;
#支援flv
server
{
listen 8081;
server_name 192.168.0.33;
root /opt/pub/media/nginx; #http協議時候，flv視訊位置
location ~ .*.(flv|swf|mp4|wma|wmv)$ {
valid_referers none blocked *.xxxx.com http://localhost;
if ($invalid_referer) {
return 403;
}
}
location ~ \.flv$ {
flv;
limit_conn one 20;#限制客戶端併發連線數
limit_rate 200k;#限制每客戶端最大頻寬
}
location ~ \.mp4$ {
flv;
limit_conn one 20;
limit_rate 200k;
}
access_log logs/nginxflv_access.log main;
}
server
{
listen 8082;
server_name 192.168.0.33;
index index.html;
location / {
root /opt/pub/media/nginx-rtmp;
}
access_log logs/nginxrtmpflv_access.log main;
}
server {
listen 8080;
location /stat {
rtmp_stat all;
rtmp_stat_stylesheet stat.xsl;
}
location /stat.xsl {
root /opt/pub/soft/nginx-rtmp-module;
}
location / {
root /opt/pub/soft/nginx-rtmp-module/test/rtmp-publisher;
}
}
http://192.168.0.33:8080/stats 檢視rtmp客戶請求資訊
http://192.168.0.33:8081/index.html 檢視nginx http協議時候的flv視訊
http://192.168.0.33:8082/index.html 檢視nginx rtmp協議時候的flv視訊
四、基本功能測試:
播放器採用開源播放器jwplayer，將播放器放到index.html同級目錄下
NGINX-Http測試頁面index.html(切記http的時候需要給視訊新增關鍵幀)
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC “-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN” “http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd”>
<html xmlns=”http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml”>
<head>
<meta http-equiv=”Content-Type” content=”text/html; charset=utf-8″ />
<title>test of nginx-http</title>
</head>
<body>
<div id=”myElement”></div>
<object id=”FlashID” classid=”clsid:D27CDB6E-AE6D-11cf-96B8-444553540000″ width=”480″ height=”360″>
<param name=”movie” value=”player.swf” />
<param name=”quality” value=”high” />
<param name=”wmode” value=”opaque” />
<param name=”swfversion” value=”6.0.65.0″ />
<param name=”flashvars” value=”type=http&file=http://192.168.0.33:8081/2.flv&autostart=true”>
<EMBED SRC=”player.swf” WIDTH=”480″ HEIGHT=”360″ QUALITY=”high” PLUGINSPAGE=”http://www.macromedia.com/shockwave/download/i
ndex.cgi?P1_Prod_Version=ShockwaveFlash” flashvars=”type=http&file=http://192.168.0.33:8081/2.flv&autostart=true” wmode=”opaq
ue” />
</object>
</body>
</html>
NGINX-RTMP測試頁面index.html
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC “-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN” “http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd”>
<html xmlns=”http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml”>
<head>
<meta http-equiv=”Content-Type” content=”text/html; charset=utf-8″ />
<title>nginx-rtmp</title>
</head>
<body>
<div id=”myElement”></div>
<object id=”FlashID” classid=”clsid:D27CDB6E-AE6D-11cf-96B8-444553540000″ width=”480″ height=”360″>
<param name=”movie” value=”player.swf” />
<param name=”quality” value=”high” />
<param name=”wmode” value=”opaque” />
<param name=”swfversion” value=”6.0.65.0″ />
<param name=”flashvars” value=”streamer=rtmp://192.168.0.33:1935/vod&file=2.flv&autostart=true”>
<EMBED SRC=”player.swf” WIDTH=”480″ HEIGHT=”360″ QUALITY=”high” PLUGINSPAGE=”http://www.macromedia.com/shockwave/download/i
ndex.cgi?P1_Prod_Version=ShockwaveFlash” flashvars=”streamer=rtmp://192.168.0.33:1935/vod&file=2.flv&autostart=true” wmode=”o
paque” />
</object>
</body>
</html>
頁面能開啟正常播放就說明配置是正確的。
五、併發測試
NGINX-HTTP採用loadrunner測試（略）
NGINX-RTMP採用開源軟體flazr測試:
前提需要安裝jdk軟體
client.bat rtmp://192.168.0.33:1935/vod/2.flv -load 500
這裡的500是併發數
由於區域網的限制，頻寬測試到一定大小的時候就上不去了，故此步截圖不忽略。