1. 程式人生 > >redhat設定本地ISO為yum源

redhat設定本地ISO為yum源

redhat 系統想要直接線上通過yum的條件時需要註冊,一般使用者都是非註冊的,這個時候如果要想通過yum安裝新軟體,我們可以通過將安裝盤映象ISO檔案設定為yum源的方式來進行。一般經過下面幾步

第一步:上傳安裝進項檔案到伺服器上。例如我將rhel-server-6.4-x86_64-dvd.iso上傳到/home目錄下

第二步:mount iso檔案。到本地目錄mount -o loop -t iso9660 /mnt/cdrom /home/rhel-server-6.4-x86_64-dvd.iso 。其中/mnt/cdrom目錄需提前建立好。

第三步:新建一個/etc/yum.repos.d/cdrom.repo檔案。其中檔案內容如下

[CDROM]
name=isofile
baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=file:///mnt/cdrom/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release

其中

CDROM是yum源名稱。

baseurl設定為iso映象檔案mount的目錄/mnt/cdrom

enable的值必須是1

gpgcheck的值隨便

gpgkey檔案設定為/mnt/cdrom目錄下的RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release即可

儲存退出後,執行下面的命令驗證yum源是否設定好了

yum list gcc

Loaded plugins: product-id, security, subscription-manager
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
Available Packages
gcc.x86_64                                 4.4.7-3.el6                                  CDROM

如上所示,提示在CDROM這個yum源中找到gcc.x86_64的包。說明本地ISO的yum源設定好了。後面可以通過yum install命令安裝ISO中有的軟體包了。

實際上,不新建/etc/yum.repos.d/cdrom.repo也是可以的。直接編輯系統自帶的/etc/yum.repos.d/ rhel-source.repo.repo檔案也可以。將內容新增到檔案後面,如下所示也可以

[rhel-source]
name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux $releasever - $basearch - Source
baseurl=ftp://ftp.redhat.com/pub/redhat/linux/enterprise/$releasever/en/os/SRPMS/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release

[rhel-source-beta]
name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux $releasever Beta - $basearch - Source
baseurl=ftp://ftp.redhat.com/pub/redhat/linux/beta/$releasever/en/os/SRPMS/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-beta,file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release


[CDROM]
name=isofile
baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=file:///mnt/cdrom/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release

效果一樣。

遠端安裝實施時,如何配置遠端伺服器的本地yum安裝源 overview 1.使用 ftp 將OracleLinux-R5-U8-Server-x86_64-dvd.iso 上傳到 /home 目錄下。再使用 mount 命令掛載映象。  mount/home/OracleLinux-R5-U8-Server-x86_64-dvd.iso /media -o loop  2.確認xx.iso已經在/media 下。 cd /media     ll  3.編輯yum配置檔案: vi /etc/yum.repos.d/oel-media.repo  [oel-media] name= oel 5.8 baseurl=file:///media/Server enabled=1 gpgcheck=0 4.清除yum快取,使用yuminstall自動安裝軟體 yum clean all yum install oracle-validated FYI: 以下案例為使用oracle linux 自帶的 oracle-validated-rpm 自動配置oracle linux的安裝環境。 [[email protected] home]# ll total 6884764 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root  801603584 Jun 28 06:39 10201_database_linux_x86_64.cpio -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3884036096 Jun 2807:06 OracleLinux-R5-U8-Server-x86_64-dvd.iso -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1307536871 Jun 2806:50 p10098816_112020_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1049912579 Jun 2806:49 p10098816_112020_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip 掛載映象 [[email protected] home]# mount/home/OracleLinux-R5-U8-Server-x86_64-dvd.iso /media -o loop [[email protected] home]# cd /media [[email protected] media]# ll total 732 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root   5165 Feb 29 2012 blafdoc.css drwxr-xr-x 3 root root   2048 Feb 29 2012 Cluster drwxr-xr-x 3 root root   4096 Feb 29 2012 ClusterStorage -rw-r--r-- 1 root root   6830 Feb 29 2012 EULA -rw-r--r-- 1 root root   7041 Feb 29 2012 eula.en_US -rw-r--r-- 1 root root   3334 Feb 29 2012 eula.py -rw-r--r-- 1 root root  18390 Feb 29 2012 GPL drwxr-xr-x 4 root root   2048 Feb 29 2012 images drwxr-xr-x 2 root root   2048 Feb 29 2012 isolinux -rw-r--r-- 1 root root   3547 Feb 29 2012 README-en -rw-r--r-- 1 root root   7897 Feb 29 2012 README-en.html -rw-r--r-- 1 root root  35456 Feb 29 2012 RELEASE-NOTES-en -rw-r--r-- 1 root root  38444 Feb 29 2012 RELEASE-NOTES-en.html -rw-r--r-- 1 root root   1397 Feb 29 2012 RPM-GPG-KEY -rw-r--r-- 1 root root   1397 Feb 29 2012 RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 593920 Feb 29  2012 Server -rw-r--r-- 1 root root    105Feb 29  2012 supportinfo -r--r--r-- 1 root root   4436 Feb 29 2012 TRANS.TBL drwxr-xr-x 3 root root   8192 Feb 29 2012 VT [[email protected] media]# pwd /media [[email protected] media]# vi/etc/yum.repos.d/oel-media.repo [oel-media] name= oel 5.8 baseurl=file:///media/Server enabled=1 gpgcheck=0 "/etc/yum.repos.d/oel-media.repo"[New] 6L, 77C written 確認無誤 [[email protected] media]# more/etc/yum.repos.d/oel-media.repo [oel-media] name= oel 5.8 baseurl=file:///media/Server enabled=1 gpgcheck=0 開始安裝 oracle-validated-rpm [[email protected] media]# yum clean all Loaded plugins: rhnplugin, security Cleaning up Everything [[email protected] media]# yum installoracle-validated Loaded plugins: rhnplugin, security This system is not registered with ULN. ULN support will be disabled. oel-media                                               | 1.1 kB     00:00     oel-media/primary                                        | 1.4MB     00:00     oel-media                                                             3298/3298 Setting up Install Process Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package oracle-validated.x86_640:1.1.0-15.el5 set to be updated oel-media/filelists                                      | 3.1MB     00:00     --> Processing Dependency: sysstat forpackage: oracle-validated --> Processing Dependency:/usr/lib/libaio.so for package: oracle- validated --> Processing Dependency: glibc-headersfor package: oracle-validated --> Processing Dependency:elfutils-libelf-devel for package: oracle- validated --> Processing Dependency:unixODBC-devel for package: oracle- validated --> Processing Dependency:/usr/lib64/libodbccr.so for package: oracle-validated --> Processing Dependency: gcc-c++ forpackage: oracle-validated --> Processing Dependency: libaio-develfor package: oracle-validated --> Processing Dependency: gcc forpackage: oracle-validated --> Processing Dependency:/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat- linux/4.1.1/libstdc++.a for package:oracle-validated --> Processing Dependency:/usr/lib/libc.so for package: oracle- validated --> Processing Dependency:/usr/lib64/libaio.so for package: oracle- validated --> Processing Dependency:/usr/lib64/libc.so for package: oracle- validated --> Processing Dependency: /usr/lib/libodbccr.sofor package: oracle- validated --> Processing Dependency: libXp.so.6for package: oracle-validated --> Running transaction check ---> Packageelfutils-libelf-devel.x86_64 0:0.137-3.el5 set to be updated --> Processing Dependency: elfutils-libelf-devel-static-x86_64= 0.137-3.el5 for package:elfutils-libelf-devel ---> Package gcc.x86_64 0:4.1.2-52.el5set to be updated ---> Package gcc-c++.x86_640:4.1.2-52.el5 set to be updated ---> Package glibc-devel.i386 0:2.5-81set to be updated ---> Package glibc-devel.x86_64 0:2.5-81set to be updated ---> Package glibc-headers.x86_640:2.5-81 set to be updated --> Processing Dependency:kernel-headers >= 2.2.1 for package: glibc-headers --> Processing Dependency:kernel-headers for package: glibc-headers ---> Package libXp.i386 0:1.0.0-8.1.el5set to be updated ---> Package libaio-devel.i3860:0.3.106-5 set to be updated ---> Package libaio-devel.x86_640:0.3.106-5 set to be updated ---> Package libstdc++-devel.x86_640:4.1.2-52.el5 set to be updated ---> Package sysstat.x86_640:7.0.2-11.el5 set to be updated ---> Package unixODBC-devel.i3860:2.2.11-10.el5 set to be updated ---> Package unixODBC-devel.x86_640:2.2.11-10.el5 set to be updated --> Running transaction check ---> Packageelfutils-libelf-devel-static.x86_64 0:0.137-3.el5 set to be updated ---> Package kernel-headers.x86_640:2.6.18-308.el5 set to be updated --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ================================================================================  Package                         Arch      Version           Repository    Size ====================================================================== ========== Installing:  oracle-validated                x86_64    1.1.0-15.el5      oel-media  24 k Installing for dependencies:  elfutils-libelf-devel           x86_64    0.137-3.el5       oel-media 24 k  elfutils-libelf-devel-static    x86_64   0.137-3.el5       oel-media 64 k  gcc                             x86_64    4.1.2-52.el5      oel-media  5.3 M  gcc-c++                         x86_64    4.1.2-52.el5      oel-media 3.8 M  glibc-devel                     i386      2.5-81            oel-media 2.0 M  glibc-devel                     x86_64    2.5-81            oel-media 2.4 M  glibc-headers                   x86_64    2.5-81            oel-media 596 k  kernel-headers                  x86_64    2.6.18-308.el5    oel-media 1.4 M  libXp                           i386      1.0.0-8.1.el5     oel-media 22 k  libaio-devel                    i386      0.3.106-5         oel-media 12 k  libaio-devel                    x86_64   0.3.106-5         oel-media 11 k  libstdc++-devel                 x86_64    4.1.2-52.el5      oel-media 2.8 M  sysstat                         x86_64    7.0.2-11.el5      oel-media 187 k  unixODBC-devel                  i386      2.2.11-10.el5     oel-media 38 k  unixODBC-devel                  x86_64    2.2.11-10.el5     oel-media 793 k Transaction Summary ================================================================================ Install     16 Package(s) Upgrade       0 Package(s) Total download size: 20 M Is this ok [y/N]: y Downloading Packages: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total                                           433MB/s |  20 MB     00:00     Running rpm_check_debug Running Transaction Test Finished Transaction Test Transaction Test Succeeded Running Transaction  Installing     :libstdc++-devel                         1/16  Installing     : sysstat                                              2/16  Installing     : libaio-devel                                         3/16  Installing     :unixODBC-devel                                      5/16  Installing     :kernel-headers                                      6/16  Installing     :glibc-headers                                        7/16  Installing     : glibc-devel                                         8/16  Installing     : glibc-devel                                          9/16  Installing     : libaio-devel                                        10/16  Installing     : libXp                                               11/16  Installing     : gcc                                                12/16  Installing     : gcc-c++                                              13/16  Installing     :elfutils-libelf-devel                               14/16  Installing     :oracle-validated                                    15/16  Installing     :elfutils-libelf-devel-static                        16/16 Installed:  oracle-validated.x86_64 0:1.1.0-15.el5                                Dependency Installed:  elfutils-libelf-devel.x86_64 0:0.137-3.el5            elfutils-libelf-devel-static.x86_640:0.137-3.el5            gcc.x86_64 0:4.1.2-52.el5                        gcc-c++.x86_64 0:4.1.2-52.el5                         glibc-devel.i386 0:2.5-81                                    glibc-devel.x86_64 0:2.5-81                      glibc-headers.x86_64 0:2.5-81                         kernel-headers.x86_64 0:2.6.18-308.el5                       libXp.i3860:1.0.0-8.1.el5                       libaio-devel.i386 0:0.3.106-5                         libaio-devel.x86_64 0:0.3.106-5                              libstdc++-devel.x86_64 0:4.1.2-52.el5            sysstat.x86_64 0:7.0.2-11.el5                         unixODBC-devel.i386 0:2.2.11-10.el5                          unixODBC-evel.x86_64 0:2.2.11-10.el5           Complete! 到此oracle-validate-rpm 已全部安裝完,已經為我們做好了一切裝備。 [[email protected] media]# id oracle uid=54321(oracle) gid=54321(oinstall)groups=54321(oinstall),54322(dba) [[email protected] media]# passwd oracle Changing password for user oracle. New UNIX password: BAD PASSWORD: it is based on a dictionaryword Retype new UNIX password: passwd: all authentication tokens updatedsuccessfully. [[email protected] media]#