路由閘道器什麼是Zuul?

    Zuul的主要功能是路由轉發和過濾器。路由功能是微服務的一部分，比如／api/payment轉發到到payment服務，/api/login轉發到到login服務。zuul預設和Ribbon結合實現了負載均衡的功能。

zuul有以下功能：

• Authentication
• Insights
• Stress Testing
• Canary Testing
• Dynamic Routing
• Service Migration
• Load Shedding
• Security
• Static Response handling
• Active/Active traffic management

一、使用Zuul

1、修改pom.xml

<dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-zuul</artifactId>
</dependency>

完整pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

	<groupId>com.cloud</groupId>
	<artifactId>serverzuul</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<packaging>jar</packaging>

	<name>serverzuul</name>
	<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>2.0.2.RELEASE</version>
		<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
	</parent>

	<properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
		<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
		<spring-cloud.version>Finchley.RC2</spring-cloud.version>
	</properties>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-zuul</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>

	<dependencyManagement>
		<dependencies>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
				<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
				<type>pom</type>
				<scope>import</scope>
			</dependency>
		</dependencies>
	</dependencyManagement>

	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>

	<repositories>
		<repository>
			<id>spring-milestones</id>
			<name>Spring Milestones</name>
			<url>https://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
			<snapshots>
				<enabled>false</enabled>
			</snapshots>
		</repository>
	</repositories>


</project>
 

2、編寫Controller類

在其入口applicaton類加上註解@EnableZuulProxy，開啟zuul的功能

package com.cloud.serverzuul;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.EnableZuulProxy;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableZuulProxy
public class ServerzuulApplication {


	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(ServerzuulApplication.class, args);
	}
}
 

首先指定服務註冊中心的地址為http://localhost:8761/eureka/，服務的埠為8767，服務名為service-zuul；以/api-a/ 開頭的請求都轉發給service-ribbon服務；以/api-b/開頭的請求都轉發給service-feign服務

3、配置檔案

server.port=8767
spring.application.name=service-zuul
#指定服務中心地址
eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://localhost:8761/eureka/
feign.hystrix.enabled=true
zuul.routes.api-a.path=/api-a/**
zuul.routes.api-a.serviceId=service-ribbon

zuul.routes.api-b.path=/api-b/**
zuul.routes.api-b.serviceId=service-feign

4、通過zuul指定的ribbon去消費

5、通過zuul指定的通過feign去消費

Spring Boot與Spring Cloud學習使用可參看筆者部落格