Spring Boot專案預設的會打包成單一的jar檔案，但是有時候我們並不想讓配置檔案、依賴包都跟可執行檔案打包到一起。這時候可以在pom.xml檔案中進行配置，從而使資原始檔、依賴包和可執行檔案分離。pom.xml配置如下：

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <!--**********分離資原始檔及依賴包打包配置*************-->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId
 
>
                <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <id>copy-dependencies</id>
                        <phase>package</phase>
                        <goals
 
>
                            <goal>copy-dependencies</goal>
                        </goals>
                        <configuration>
                            <outputDirectory>target/lib</outputDirectory>
                            <excludeTransitive>false</excludeTransitive
 
>
                            <stripVersion>false</stripVersion>
                            <includeScope>runtime</includeScope>
                        </configuration>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>

            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <excludes>
                        <exclude>**/*.properties</exclude>
                        <exclude>**/*.xml</exclude>
                        <exclude>static/**</exclude>
                        <exclude>templates/**</exclude>
                    </excludes>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>

            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <layout>ZIP</layout>
                    <includes>
                        <include>
                            <groupId>non-exists</groupId>
                            <artifactId>non-exists</artifactId>
                        </include>
                    </includes>
                </configuration>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>repackage</goal>
                        </goals>
                        <configuration>
                            <classifier>classes</classifier>
                            <attach>false</attach>
                        </configuration>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-antrun-plugin</artifactId>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <phase>package</phase>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>run</goal>
                        </goals>
                        <configuration>
                            <target>
                                <property name="dist">target/build</property>
                                <property name="res">target/build/resources</property>
                                <property name="dist-tmp">target/build/tmp</property>
                                <property name="app-name">${project.artifactId}-${project.version}</property>
                                <property name="real-app-name">${project.artifactId}</property>
                                <delete dir="${dist}" />
                                <mkdir dir="${dist}" />
                                <mkdir dir="${dist-tmp}" />
                                <mkdir dir="${res}" />
                                <copy file="target/${app-name}.jar" tofile="${dist-tmp}/${app-name}.jar" />
                                <unzip src="${dist-tmp}/${app-name}.jar" dest="${dist-tmp}" />
                                <delete file="${dist-tmp}/${app-name}.jar" />
                                <move file="target/${app-name}-classes.jar" tofile="${dist}/${real-app-name}.jar"/>
                                <move todir="${dist}/lib">
                                    <fileset dir="target/lib" />
                                </move>

                                <delete dir="${dist-tmp}" />

                                <copy todir="${res}">
                                    <fileset dir="target/classes">
                                        <include name="**/static/**" />
                                        <include name="**/templates/**" />
                                    </fileset>
                                </copy>
                                <copy todir="${res}">
                                    <fileset dir="target/classes">
                                        <include name="**/*.properties" />
                                        <include name="**/*.xml" />
                                        <include name="**/*.yml" />
                                    </fileset>
                                </copy>
                            </target>
                        </configuration>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

maven打包完成後，可以在target目錄下看到一個build目錄，進入該目錄的結構如圖：

test.jar檔案就是可執行檔案，資原始檔和配置檔案都在resources目錄下，依賴的jar包都在lib目錄下。
執行方式：java -jar -Dloader.path=.,resources,lib test.jar

注意：如果在windows10系統下執行，要用cmd，不要用PowerShell，否則可能會報Error: Unable to access jarfile .path=.,resources,lib異常。