說在前面的話

　　預設情況下，Hive元資料儲存在內嵌的Derby資料庫中，只能允許一個會話連線，只適合簡單的測試。實際生產環境中不使用，為了支援多使用者會話，

則需要一個獨立的元資料庫，使用MySQL作為元資料庫，Hive內部對MySQL提供了很好的支援。

 在Ubuntu系統下安裝並配置hive詳細正確步驟如下！

一、mysql-server和mysql-client的下載

[email protected]:/usr/local#  sudo apt-get install mysql-server  mysql-client （Ubuntu版本）

　　我這裡，root密碼，為rootroot。

二、啟動MySQL服務

[email protected]:/usr/local# sudo /etc/init.d/mysql start 　　　　　（Ubuntu版本）　　　　　
* Starting MySQL database server mysqld [ OK ]
[email protected]:/usr/local#

 附加說明，

sudo /etc/init.d/mysql restart  這是重啟

sudo /etc/init.d/mysql stop 這是停止

三、進入mysql服務

Ubuntu裡 的mysql裡有個好處，直接自己對[email protected]下的所有，自己預設設定好了

[email protected]:/usr/local# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:　　 //輸入rootroot
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 43
Server version: 5.5.53-0ubuntu0.14.04.1 (Ubuntu)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> CREATE USER  'hive'@'%'  IDENTIFIED BY 'hive';

mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON  *.* TO 'hive'@'%' WITH GRANT OPTION;

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> use hive;
Database changed
mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user;
+------------------+-----------------+-------------------------------------------+
| user | host | password |
+------------------+-----------------+-------------------------------------------+
| root | localhost | *6C362347EBEAA7DF44F6D34884615A35095E80EB |
| root | sparksinglenode | *6C362347EBEAA7DF44F6D34884615A35095E80EB |
| root | 127.0.0.1 | *6C362347EBEAA7DF44F6D34884615A35095E80EB |
| root | ::1 | *6C362347EBEAA7DF44F6D34884615A35095E80EB |
| debian-sys-maint | localhost | *5DD77395EB71A702D01A6B0FADD8F2C0C88830C5 |
| hive | % | *4DF1D66463C18D44E3B001A8FB1BBFBEA13E27FC |
+------------------+-----------------+-------------------------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> exit;
Bye
[email protected]:/usr/local#

 在ubuntu系統裡，預設情況下MySQL只允許本地登入，所以需要修改配置檔案將地址繫結註釋。

sudo gedit /etc/mysql/my.cnf

找到 # bind-address         = 127.0.0.1    註釋掉這一行就可以啦

重啟mysql服務

sudo service mysqld restart

然後，建立Hive專用的元資料庫，記得用我們剛建立的"hive"賬號登入。

  mysql -u hive -p hive

  CREATE DATABASE hive_metadata

 四、安裝hive

　　這裡，很簡單，不多贅述。

[email protected]:/usr/local/hive$ ll
total 12
drwxr-xr-x 3 spark spark 4096 11月 21 10:39 ./
drwxr-xr-x 15 root root 4096 11月 21 10:25 ../
drwxrwxr-x 9 spark spark 4096 11月 21 10:38 apache-hive-2.1.0-bin/
[email protected]:/usr/local/hive$ mv apache-hive-2.1.0-bin hive-2.1.0
[email protected]:/usr/local/hive$ ls
hive-2.1.0
[email protected]:/usr/local/hive$ cd hive-2.1.0/
[email protected]:/usr/local/hive/hive-2.1.0$ ls
bin examples jdbc LICENSE README.txt scripts
conf hcatalog lib NOTICE RELEASE_NOTES.txt
[email protected]:/usr/local/hive/hive-2.1.0$ cd conf/
[email protected]:/usr/local/hive/hive-2.1.0/conf$ ls
beeline-log4j2.properties.template ivysettings.xml
hive-default.xml.template llap-cli-log4j2.properties.template
hive-env.sh.template llap-daemon-log4j2.properties.template
hive-exec-log4j2.properties.template parquet-logging.properties
hive-log4j2.properties.template
[email protected]:/usr/local/hive/hive-2.1.0/conf$ cp hive-default.xml.template hive-site.xml
[email protected]:/usr/local/hive/hive-2.1.0/conf$

 五、配置hive

<property>
<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>
<value>jdbc:mysql://192.168.80.128:3306/hive_metadata?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true</value>
<description>
JDBC connect string for a JDBC metastore.
To use SSL to encrypt/authenticate the connection, provide database-specific SSL flag in the connection URL.
For example, jdbc:postgresql://myhost/db?ssl=true for postgres database.
</description>

<property>
<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name>
<value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>
<description>Driver class name for a JDBC metastore</description>
</property>

<property>
<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name>
<value>hive</value>
<description>Username to use against metastore database</description>
</property>

<property>
<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name>
<value>hive</value>
<description>password to use against metastore database</description>
</property>

[email protected]:/usr/local/hive/hive-2.1.0/conf$ cp hive-env.sh.template hive-env.sh
[email protected]:/usr/local/hive/hive-2.1.0/conf$ vim hive-env.sh

[email protected]:/usr/local/hive/hive-2.1.0/bin$ vim hive-config.sh 

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk/jdk1.8.0_60
export HIVE_HOME=/usr/local/hive/hive-2.1.0
export HADOOP_HOME=/usr/local/hadoop/hadoop-2.6.0

 vim /etc/profile

#hive
export HIVE_HOME=/usr/local/hive/hive-2.1.0
export PATH=$PATH:$HIVE_HOME/bin

source /etc/profile

將mysql-connector-java-***.jar，複製到hive安裝目錄下的lib下。

[email protected]:/usr/local/hadoop/hadoop-2.6.0$ sbin/start-all.sh

　　一般，上面，就可以足夠安裝正確了！

附贈問題

 mysql-connector-java-5.1.21-bin.jar換成較高版本的驅動如mysql-connector-java-6.0.3-bin.jar

　　試過了，不是這個問題。

mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> delete from user where User='hive' and Host='%';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.04 sec)

mysql> delete from user where User='hive' and Host='sparksinglenode';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> update user set Host='%' where User='hive' and Host='localhost';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0

mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)

mysql> select User,Host,Password from user;
+------------------+-----------------+-------------------------------------------+
| User | Host | Password |
+------------------+-----------------+-------------------------------------------+
| root | localhost | *6C362347EBEAA7DF44F6D34884615A35095E80EB |
| root | sparksinglenode | *6C362347EBEAA7DF44F6D34884615A35095E80EB |
| root | 127.0.0.1 | *6C362347EBEAA7DF44F6D34884615A35095E80EB |
| root | ::1 | *6C362347EBEAA7DF44F6D34884615A35095E80EB |
| debian-sys-maint | localhost | *5DD77395EB71A702D01A6B0FADD8F2C0C88830C5 |
| hive | % | *4DF1D66463C18D44E3B001A8FB1BBFBEA13E27FC |
+------------------+-----------------+-------------------------------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>

mysql> exit;
Bye
[email protected]:/usr/local#‘’

[email protected]:/usr/local# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 39
Server version: 5.5.53-0ubuntu0.14.04.1 (Ubuntu)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user;
+------------------+-----------------+-------------------------------------------+
| user | host | password |
+------------------+-----------------+-------------------------------------------+
| root | localhost | *6C362347EBEAA7DF44F6D34884615A35095E80EB |
| root | sparksinglenode | *6C362347EBEAA7DF44F6D34884615A35095E80EB |
| root | 127.0.0.1 | *6C362347EBEAA7DF44F6D34884615A35095E80EB |
| root | ::1 | *6C362347EBEAA7DF44F6D34884615A35095E80EB |
| debian-sys-maint | localhost | *5DD77395EB71A702D01A6B0FADD8F2C0C88830C5 |
| hive | % | *4DF1D66463C18D44E3B001A8FB1BBFBEA13E27FC |
| hive | localhost | *4DF1D66463C18D44E3B001A8FB1BBFBEA13E27FC |
| hive | sparksinglenode | *4DF1D66463C18D44E3B001A8FB1BBFBEA13E27FC |
+------------------+-----------------+-------------------------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> drop user 'hive'@'localhost';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> drop user 'hive'@'SparkSingleNode';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user;
+------------------+-----------------+-------------------------------------------+
| user | host | password |
+------------------+-----------------+-------------------------------------------+
| root | localhost | *6C362347EBEAA7DF44F6D34884615A35095E80EB |
| root | sparksinglenode | *6C362347EBEAA7DF44F6D34884615A35095E80EB |
| root | 127.0.0.1 | *6C362347EBEAA7DF44F6D34884615A35095E80EB |
| root | ::1 | *6C362347EBEAA7DF44F6D34884615A35095E80EB |
| debian-sys-maint | localhost | *5DD77395EB71A702D01A6B0FADD8F2C0C88830C5 |
| hive | % | *4DF1D66463C18D44E3B001A8FB1BBFBEA13E27FC |
+------------------+-----------------+-------------------------------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> exit;
Bye
[email protected]:/usr/local#