今天做Advacned Replication實驗的時候碰到一個問題，啟動目標庫監聽時，出現The listener supports no services

[[email protected] ~]$ lsnrctl start


LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 14-SEP-2013 10:11:38


Copyright (c) 1991, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...


TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/adrep/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=adrep)(PORT=1521)))
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))


Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=adrep)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
Start Date                14-SEP-2013 10:11:38
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/adrep/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=adrep)(PORT=1521)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully

由於這臺主機之前做的是stream實驗，修改了一下hostname，之前的監聽和服務名也用netca重新配置過了，但是啟動監聽一致是這個狀態，動態監聽註冊不上

本地登入到Oracle例項，手動註冊例項也無果，問題依舊

SQL> alter system register;


System altered.


SQL> !
[[email protected] ~]$ lsnrctl status


LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 14-SEP-2013 10:13:03


Copyright (c) 1991, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=adrep)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
Start Date                14-SEP-2013 10:11:38
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 1 min. 25 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/adrep/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=adrep)(PORT=1521)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
The listener supports no services

The command completed successfully

[[email protected] ~]$ lsnrctl reload
 Listener Log File         /u01/app/


LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 14-SEP-2013 10:16:13


Copyright (c) 1991, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=adrep)(PORT=1521)))
The command completed successfully
[

[email protected] ~]$ lsnrctl status


LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 14-SEP-2013 10:13:18


Copyright (c) 1991, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=adrep)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
Start Date                14-SEP-2013 10:11:38
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 1 min. 40 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/adrep/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=adrep)(PORT=1521)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully
[[email protected] ~]$ lsnrctl stop

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 14-SEP-2013 10:17:03


Copyright (c) 1991, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=adrep)(PORT=1521)))

The command completed successfully

[[email protected] ~]$ lsnrctl start


LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 14-SEP-2013 10:18:53


Copyright (c) 1991, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...


TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/adrep/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=adrep)(PORT=1521)))
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))


Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=adrep)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
Start Date                14-SEP-2013 10:18:53
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/adrep/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=adrep)(PORT=1521)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully
[[email protected] ~]$ 

於是考慮通過mgr配置靜態監聽，但是讓我鬱悶的是，總是提示需要輸入一個合法的SID

這個SID絕對是strmtarget沒錯的，global name即service name也確實是target，這個可以由以下引數獲得佐證

SQL> show parameter name


NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
db_file_name_convert                 string
db_name                             string      strmtarg
db_unique_name                         string      strmtarget
global_names                               boolean     TRUE
instance_name                          string      strmtarget
lock_name_space                        string
log_file_name_convert                string
processor_group_name             string
service_names                      string      target

也可以通過v$instance檢視查到SID是正確的

SQL> select instance_name from v$instance;

INSTANCE_NAME
----------------
strmtarget

難道就沒有辦法設定靜態監聽了嗎？NO，這裡還有一種方法就是手動修改listener.ora檔案，新增以下幾行內容

SID_LIST_LISTENER =  
(SID_LIST =  
  (SID_DESC =  
  (GLOBAL_DBNAME = target)
  (SID_NAME = strmtarget)
  )
)

其作用就是配置一個例項靜態監聽，只不過用這裡跳過了圖形化介面修改而已，如果是用netmgr成功修改了例項的靜態監聽，也是會生成以上幾行程式碼的

這裡可以先把listener.ora用xftp工具拷貝出來，修改完再拷貝回相同位置即可

這裡只需要重新載入一次監聽就可以註冊上例項了

[[email protected] ~]$ lsnrctl reload


LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 14-SEP-2013 10:32:06


Copyright (c) 1991, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=adrep)(PORT=1521)))
The command completed successfully
[[email protected] ~]$ lsnrctl status


LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 14-SEP-2013 10:32:14


Copyright (c) 1991, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=adrep)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
Start Date                14-SEP-2013 10:18:53
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 13 min. 21 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/adrep/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=adrep)(PORT=1521)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "target" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "strmtarget", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
[[email protected] ~]$ 

這裡target例項通過以上方法，成功地把例項註冊上了，注意"UNKNOWN"就表示是靜態註冊的，如果是"READY"則表示是動態註冊的

注意：動態和靜態監聽可以共存，如：

[[email protected] ~]$ lsnrctl status


LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 14-SEP-2013 09:52:23


Copyright (c) 1991, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=zlm)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
Start Date                14-SEP-2013 09:15:04
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 37 min. 19 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/zlm/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=zlm)(PORT=1521)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "zlm11g" has 2 instance(s).
  Instance "zlm11g", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
  Instance "zlm11g", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "zlm11gXDB" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "zlm11g", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
[[email protected] ~]$

以上是我在zlm主機上的監聽狀態，可以發現，同時配置了動態和靜態的監聽

總結：以上利用了手動修改配置靜態監聽的方法成功註冊了Oracle例項，動態監聽往往需要等例項啟動後，過一段時間才會註冊上，而靜態監聽則可以馬上註冊。而且一旦例項重啟會造成動態監聽暫時無效，有些版本的bug甚至會導致動態監聽的註冊就再也起不來了。所以我對於監聽的觀點是，儘量配置靜態監聽，這樣就可以避免很多由監聽帶來的問題，諸如我們經常會碰到的幾個ora error：ora-12541、ora-12514、ora-12154等，尤其是在RAC和DG中，一個監聽的問題，往往會帶來很大的麻煩，尤其需要引起大家的注意。

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By aaron8219 Chinaunix Blog：http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid/24612962.html

原創內容，轉載請註明連結，謝謝！