//面向物件設計原則：LSP里氏替換原則
//正方形不是長方形的測試程式

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

//長方形類Rectangle
class Rectangle 
{
private:
	int width;
	int height;
public:
	int getWidth(){ return width; }
	virtual void setWidth(int w){ width=w; }
	int getHeight(){ return height; }
	virtual void setHeight(int h){ height=h; } 
};


//正方形類Square
class Square :public  Rectangle 
{public:
   void setWidth(int w) 
    {Rectangle::setHeight(w);
     Rectangle::setWidth(w);  
   }
   void setHeight(int h)
    {Rectangle::setHeight(h);
     Rectangle::setWidth(h);
   } 
};

//測試類 TestRectangle 
class TestRectangle 
{ public:
     void resize(Rectangle &objRect) 
     {while(objRect.getWidth() <= objRect.getHeight() ) 
         {objRect.setWidth( objRect.getWidth() + 1 );}
	  cout<<"resize over!"<<endl;
	  cout<<"height="<<objRect.getHeight()<<"  width="<<objRect.getWidth()<<endl;;
    }
};

//主函式
int main()
{
  Rectangle r;    //父類物件      
  r.setWidth(5);
  r.setHeight(15);
 
  Square s;    //子類物件      
  s.setWidth(5);
  s.setHeight(15);

  TestRectangle t;
  t.resize(r); //ok
  t.resize(s); //用子類物件代替父類物件時，出現無限迴圈

  return 0;
}
 

（2）

//面向物件設計原則：LSP里氏替換原則  
//鴕鳥不是鳥的測試程式
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

//鳥類Bird
class Bird 
{ 
 private:
   double velocity;
 public:
   virtual void  fly() { cout<<"I can fly!"; }
   virtual void  setVelocity(double v)  { velocity = v; }
   virtual double  getVelocity() { return velocity; }
};

//鴕鳥類Ostrich
class Ostrich :public Bird 
{ public: 
   void fly() { cout<<"i can\'t fly!"; }
   void setVelocity(double v) { Bird::setVelocity(0); }
   double getVelocity() { return Bird::getVelocity(); }
};

//測試類TestBird:
class TestBird
{public:
    void calcFlyTime(Bird &bird)
    {try
 {double riverWidth = 3000;
     if(bird.getVelocity()==0) throw 0;
  cout<<"Velocity="<<bird.getVelocity()<<endl;
  cout<<"Fly time="<<riverWidth/bird.getVelocity()<<endl;
 } catch(int)
 { cout<<"An error occured!"<<endl;  }   
 }
};


//主函式
int main()
{
  Bird b; //父類物件
  b.setVelocity(100);
  Ostrich o;
  o.setVelocity(0);
  TestBird t;
  t.calcFlyTime(b); //ok
  t.calcFlyTime(o); //用子類物件代替父類物件時，出現異常
  return 0;
}