RMAN備份對於Oracle資料庫的備份與恢復簡單易用，成本低廉。對於使用非catalog方式而言，將RMAN指令碼嵌入到shell指令碼，然後再通過crontab來實現中小型資料庫資料庫備份無疑是首選。本文提供了一個簡單易用的基於linux shell下的RMAN備份指令碼供參考。大家可根據自己的需要進行適當調整。

##===========================================================
##   db_bak_rman.sh              
##   created by Robinson         
##   2011/11/07  
##   usage: db_bak_rman.sh <$ORACLE_SID> <$BACKUP_LEVEL>
##          BACKUP_LEVEL: 
##             F: full backup
##             0: level 0
##             1: level 1                           
##============================================================
#!/bin/bash
# User specific environment and startup programs

if [ -f ~/.bash_profile ]; 
then
. ~/.bash_profile
fi

ORACLE_SID=${1};                              export ORACLE_SID    
RMAN_LEVEL=${2};                              export RMAN_LEVEL
TIMESTAMP=`date +%Y%m%d%H%M`;                 export TIMESTAMP     
DATE=`date +%Y%m%d`;                          export DATE          
RMAN_DIR=/u02/database/${ORACLE_SID}/backup/rman;   export RMAN_DIR      
RMAN_DATA=${RMAN_DIR}/${DATE};                export RMAN_DATA     
#RMAN_LOG=$RMAN_DATA/log;                     export RMAN_LOG     
RMAN_LOG=/u02/database/${ORACLE_SID}/backup/rman/log  export RMAN_LOG 

# Check rman level 
#======================================================================
if [ "$RMAN_LEVEL" == "F" ];
then  unset INCR_LVL
      BACKUP_TYPE=full
else
      INCR_LVL="INCREMENTAL LEVEL ${RMAN_LEVEL}"
      BACKUP_TYPE=lev${RMAN_LEVEL} 
fi

RMAN_FILE=${RMAN_DATA}/${ORACLE_SID}_${BACKUP_TYPE}_${TIMESTAMP};       export RMAN_FILE
SSH_LOG=${RMAN_LOG}/${ORACLE_SID}_${BACKUP_TYPE}_${TIMESTAMP}.log;      export SSH_LOG
MAXPIECESIZE=4G;                                                export MAXPIECESIZE

#Check RMAN Backup Path
#=========================================================================

if ! test -d ${RMAN_DATA}
then
mkdir -p ${RMAN_DATA}
fi

echo "---------------------------------" >>${SSH_LOG}
echo "   " >>${SSH_LOG}
echo "Rman Begin  to Working ........." >>${SSH_LOG}
echo "Begin time at:" `date` --`date +%Y%m%d%H%M` >>${SSH_LOG}

#Startup rman to backup 
#=============================================================================
$ORACLE_HOME/bin/rman log=${RMAN_FILE}.log <<EOF
connect target /
run {
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO RECOVERY WINDOW OF 3 DAYS;
CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION ON;
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '${RMAN_FILE}_%F';
ALLOCATE CHANNEL 'ch1' TYPE DISK maxpiecesize=${MAXPIECESIZE};
ALLOCATE CHANNEL 'ch2' TYPE DISK maxpiecesize=${MAXPIECESIZE};
set limit channel ch1 readrate=10240;
set limit channel ch1 kbytes=4096000;
set limit channel ch2 readrate=10240;
set limit channel ch2 kbytes=4096000;
CROSSCHECK ARCHIVELOG ALL;
DELETE NOPROMPT EXPIRED ARCHIVELOG ALL;
BACKUP 
#AS COMPRESSED BACKUPSET 
${INCR_LVL}
DATABASE FORMAT '${RMAN_FILE}_%U' TAG '${ORACLE_SID}_${BACKUP_TYPE}_${TIMESTAMP}';
SQL 'ALTER SYSTEM ARCHIVE LOG CURRENT';
BACKUP ARCHIVELOG ALL FORMAT '${RMAN_FILE}_arc_%U' TAG '${ORACLE_SID}_arc_${TIMESTAMP}'
DELETE  INPUT;
DELETE NOPROMPT OBSOLETE;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch1;
RELEASE CHANNEL ch2;
}
sql "alter database backup controlfile to ''${RMAN_DATA}/cntl_${BACKUP_TYPE}.bak''";
exit;
EOF
RC=$?

cat ${RMAN_FILE}.log >>${SSH_LOG}
echo "Rman Stop working @ time:"`date` `date +%Y%m%d%H%M` >>${SSH_LOG}

echo >>${SSH_LOG}
echo "------------------------" >>${SSH_LOG}
echo "------ Disk Space ------" >>${SSH_LOG}
df -h >>${SSH_LOG}

echo >>${SSH_LOG}

if [ $RC -ne "0" ]; then
    echo "------ error ------" >>${SSH_LOG}
else
    echo "------ no error found during RMAN backup peroid------" >>${SSH_LOG}
    rm -rf ${RMAN_FILE}.log
fi

#Remove old backup than 3 days
#============================================================================
RMDIR=${RMAN_DIR}/`/bin/date +%Y%m%d -d "3 days ago"`;   export RMDIR
echo >>${SSH_LOG}
echo -e "------Remove old backup than 3 days ------\n" >>${SSH_LOG}

if test -d ${RMDIR}
    then
    rm -rf ${RMDIR}
    RC=$?
fi

echo >>${SSH_LOG}

if [ $RC -ne "0" ]; then
    echo -e "------ Remove old backup exception------ \n" >>${SSH_LOG}
else
    echo -e "------ no error found during remove old backup set peroid------ \n" >>${SSH_LOG}
fi

exit

 
[email protected]:~/robinson/scripts/dba_scripts/custom/sql> ./db_bak_rman.sh GOBO1 0
RMAN> RMAN> 2> 3> 4> 5> 6> 7> 8> 9> 10> 11> 12> 13> 14> 15> 
16> 17> 18> 19> 20> 21> 22> 23> 24> RMAN> RMAN> 
[email protected]:~/robinson/scripts/dba_scripts/custom/sql>

 
[email protected]:/u02/database/GOBO1/backup/rman> ls
20120928  log
[email protected]:/u02/database/GOBO1/backup/rman/20120928> ls
cntl_lev0.bak                             GOBO1_lev0_201209281421_arc_4onmb9ro_1_1
GOBO1_lev0_201209281421_4knmb9jn_1_1      GOBO1_lev0_201209281421_c-733951103-20120928-00
GOBO1_lev0_201209281421_4lnmb9jn_1_1      GOBO1_lev0_201209281421_c-733951103-20120928-01
GOBO1_lev0_201209281421_arc_4nnmb9rn_1_1

 

更多參考： 

有關基於用戶管理的備份和備份恢復的概念請參考

有關RMAN的備份恢復與管理請參考

有關ORACLE體系結構請參考