文/ skay

最近遇到專案從Eclispe遷移到Android studio，以前的Ant自動打包指令碼已經相容不好了，所以用了Gradle實現打渠道包，切換環境等，

Ant打包指令碼

 <target name="-release-sign" if="has.keystore">
        <!-- only create apk if *not* a library project -->
        <do-only-if-not-library elseText="Library project: do not create apk...">
            <sequential>
                <property name="out.unaligned.file"
                          location="${out.absolute.dir}/${ant.project.name}-release-unaligned.apk"/>

                <!-- Signs the APK -->
                <echo level="info">Signing final apk with your  apk signer server...</echo>
                <taskdef resource="com/myapk/ant/task/defaults.properties" classpath="${signer.jar}"/>
                <apk-signer
                        server="http://xxx.com/packservice/sign<pre name="code" class="html" style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 26px;">
 

</pre><p><pre name="code" class="html">" apk="${out.packaged.file}" dest="${out.unaligned.file}" prodkey="${singer.prodkey}" verbose="true" timeout="500" retries="5" /> <!-- Zip aligns the APK --> <zipalign-helper in.package="${out.unaligned.file}" out.package="${out.final.file}"/> <echo level="info">Release Package: ${out.final.file}</echo> </sequential> </do-only-if-not-library> <record-build-info/> </target>
 

 Gradle

    加入配置，簽名檔案，配置打包生成apk檔名稱規則，配置url，配置渠道等

配置gradle

android {}配置一些關於android的基本配置

1配置依賴關係

dependencies {
    compile fileTree(include: ['*.jar'], dir: 'libs')
    testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'
    compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:23.2.1'
    compile 'com.android.support:support-v4:23.2.1'
    compile 'com.android.support:recyclerview-v7:23.2.1'
   ......
}
 

如果想相容v4

compile ('com.android.support:recyclerview-v7:22.2.0'){ exclude module: 'support-v4' }

  3配置打包方式

signingConfigs {

        release {
            keyAlias props['KEY_ALIAS']
            keyPassword props['KEY_PASSWORD']
            storeFile file(props['KEYSTORE_FILE'])
            storePassword props['KEYSTORE_PASSWORD']
        }

        debug {
            storeFile file('../../debug.keystore')
            storePassword 'you pass'
            keyAlias 'you key'
            keyPassword 'you pass'
        }

    }

     載入簽名配置檔案

Properties props = new Properties()
    props.load(new FileInputStream(file("signing.properties")))

KEY_ALIAS = xxxx
KEY_PASSWORD = 你的密碼
KEYSTORE_FILE = ../../nide.keystroe (相對路徑)
KEYSTORE_PASSWORD =密碼

   簽名你自己可生成，可以直接用eclispe生成的。

 定義線上環境Url

def host_url = "https://xxx.com";

 開啟混淆開關：

minifyEnabled true

開啟過濾非引用資源打包 ：

shrinkResources true

開啟log輸出：

buildConfigField "boolean", "LOG_DEBUG", "true"

定義打包方式：

buildTypes {
        release {
            minifyEnabled true
            shrinkResources true
            buildConfigField "boolean", "LOG_DEBUG", "false"
            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
            signingConfig signingConfigs.release
        }


        debug {
            minifyEnabled true
            shrinkResources true
            buildConfigField "boolean", "LOG_DEBUG", "true"
            signingConfig signingConfigs.debug
            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
        }
    }

編譯專案後 會生成buildConfig檔案

public final class BuildConfig {
  public static final boolean DEBUG = Boolean.parseBoolean("true");
  // app id
  public static final String APPLICATION_ID = "com.skay.test";
  public static final String BUILD_TYPE = "debug";
  // 渠道
  public static final String FLAVOR = "dev";
  // 版本
  public static final int VERSION_CODE = 1;
  public static final String VERSION_NAME = "1.0";
  // Fields from the variant
  public static final String APP_ENV = "dev ";
  // host
  public static final String HOST_URL = " http://aaa.com/";
  // Fields from build type: debug
  public static final boolean LOG_DEBUG = true;
}

五 配置打包指令碼

 // 指定輸出的apk名
    applicationVariants.all { variant ->
        variant.outputs.each { output ->
            def outputFile = output.outputFile
            // 打包型別
            def buildTypeName = variant.buildType.name
            if (outputFile != null && outputFile.name.endsWith('.apk')) {
                // 包名稱
                def flavorName = variant.productFlavors[0].name
                // 版本名稱
                def versionName = defaultConfig.versionName
                // 開發環境
                buildConfigField "String", "APP_ENV", "\"${flavorName} \""
                // 修改打包環境的url
                buildConfigField "String", "HOST_URL", "\" ${host_url}\""
                // yourapkname_release_myapk_ver1.0.0_build20130312.apk 輸出格式
                def fileName = "${PRODUCT_NAME}_${buildTypeName}_${flavorName}_env${flavorName}_ver${versionName}_build${BUILD_TIME_FORMAT}.apk"

                output.outputFile = new File(outputFile.parent, fileName)
            }
        }
    }

六 切換渠道

//修改渠道號
    productFlavors {

        // 線上版本 
         release{
         }

        //開發版本，
        dev {
            host_url = "http://xxxx1.com./"

        }

        //Qa測試版本
        qa{
             host_url = "http://xxx2.com/"
         }

    }

    這樣我們在打包時 只要你開啟你要的那個版本，buildConfig將會修改，輸出包就可以了， 不僅切換了Url,而且還制定了渠道版本，非常方便

 六 新增對jar的支援

    有時候從eclispe移植過來時，返現jar無法載入，找不到地址

 在android {}加入以下配置

sourceSets {
        main {
            jniLibs.srcDir 'libs'
        }

        // Move the tests to tests/java, tests/res, etc...
        instrumentTest.setRoot('tests')

        // Move the build types to build-types/<type>
        // For instance, build-types/debug/java, build-types/debug/AndroidManifest.xml, ...
        // This moves them out of them default location under src/<type>/... which would
        // conflict with src/ being used by the main source set.
        // Adding new build types or product flavors should be accompanied
        // by a similar customization.
        debug.setRoot('build-types/debug')
        release.setRoot('build-types/release')
    }

七 新增對ndk的支援

如果so找不到 請配置對四個不同cpu的支援

在android {}加入以下配置

 defaultConfig {
       .......
    
      ndk {
       abiFilters "armeabi", "armeabi-v7a", "x86", "mips"
      }
    }

混淆相關：

配置proguard-rules.pro檔案

# 混淆時不使用大小寫混合，混淆後的類名為小寫
# windows下的同學還是加入這個選項吧(windows大小寫不敏感)
-dontusemixedcaseclassnames

# 如果應用程式引入的有jar包,並且想混淆jar包裡面的class
-dontskipnonpubliclibraryclasses
# 指定不去忽略非公共的庫的類的成員
-dontskipnonpubliclibraryclassmembers

# 有了verbose這句話，混淆後就會生成對映檔案
# 包含有類名->混淆後類名的對映關係
# 然後使用printmapping指定對映檔案的名稱
-verbose
-ignorewarnings

# Optimization is turned off by default. Dex does not like code run
# through the ProGuard optimize and preverify steps (and performs some
# of these optimizations on its own).
# 不做預檢驗，preverify是proguard的四個步驟之一
# Android不需要preverify，去掉這一步可以加快混淆速度
-dontpreverify

# If you want to enable optimization, you should include the following:
# 混淆採用的演算法
-optimizations !code/simplification/arithmetic,!code/simplification/cast,!field/*,!class/merging/*
# 設定混淆的壓縮比率 0 ~ 7
-optimizationpasses 5
-allowaccessmodification

# 保護程式碼中的Annotation不被混淆
# 這在JSON實體對映時非常重要，比如fastJson
-keepattributes *Annotation*

# 避免混淆泛型
# 這在JSON實體對映時非常重要，比如fastJson
-keepattributes Signature

# 丟擲異常時保留程式碼行號
-keepattributes SourceFile,LineNumberTable

# Add any project specific keep options here:
# 保留了繼承自Activity、Application這些類的子類
# 因為這些子類有可能被外部呼叫
# 比如第一行就保證了所有Activity的子類不要被混淆
-keep public class * extends android.app.Activity
-keep public class * extends android.app.Application
-keep public class * extends android.app.Service
-keep public class * extends android.content.BroadcastReceiver
-keep public class * extends android.content.ContentProvider
-keep public class * extends android.view.View
-keep public class * extends android.app.backup.BackupAgent
-keep public class * extends android.app.backup.BackupAgentHelper
-keep public class * extends android.preference.Preference
-keep public class * extends android.support.v4.app.Fragment
-keep public class * extends android.app.Fragment
-keep public class com.android.vending.licensing.ILicensingService


# For native methods, see http://proguard.sourceforge.net/manual/examples.html#native
# 所有native的方法不能去混淆.
-keepclasseswithmembernames class * {
    native <methods>;
}

# For enumeration classes, see http://proguard.sourceforge.net/manual/examples.html#enumerations
#  列舉類不能去混淆
-keepclassmembers enum * {
    public static **[] values();
    public static ** valueOf(java.lang.String);
}

# 某些構造方法不能去混淆
-keepclasseswithmembers class * {
    public <init>(android.content.Context, android.util.AttributeSet);
}

-keepclasseswithmembers class * {
    public <init>(android.content.Context, android.util.AttributeSet, int);
}

# aidl檔案不能去混淆.
# 保留Parcelable序列化的類不能被混淆
-keep class * implements android.os.Parcelable {
  public static final android.os.Parcelable$Creator *;
}


# 保留Serializable 序列化的類不被混淆
-keep class * implements java.io.Serializable {
    public *;
}

-keepclassmembers class * implements java.io.Serializable {
   static final long serialVersionUID;
   private static final java.io.ObjectStreamField[] serialPersistentFields;
   !static !transient <fields>;
   private void writeObject(java.io.ObjectOutputStream);
   private void readObject(java.io.ObjectInputStream);
   java.lang.Object writeReplace();
   java.lang.Object readResolve();
}

# 保留Activity中的方法引數是view的方法，
# 從而我們在layout裡面編寫onClick就不會影響
-keepclassmembers class * extends android.app.Activity {
   public void *(android.view.View);
}

# 保留自定義控制元件(繼承自View)不能被混淆
-keep public class * extends android.view.View {
    public <init>(android.content.Context);
    public <init>(android.content.Context, android.util.AttributeSet);
    public <init>(android.content.Context, android.util.AttributeSet, int);
    public void set*(...);
    public void get*(...);
}

# 對R檔案下的所有類及其方法，都不能被混淆
-keepclassmembers class **.R$* {
    *;
}

# 對於帶有回撥函式onXXEvent的，不能混淆
-keepclassmembers class * {
    void *(**On*Event);
}

-keep class com.baidu.pushsdk.** { *;}

<pre name="code" class="java">-keep class com.mybisniss.mybean.** { *;}

好了 以上是常用的gradle打包過程中遇到的坑，都能滿足你對as的需求了，以後遇到再補充

  文/ skay