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MariaDB 5.5及更高版本使用cmake編譯，所有得先安裝cmake，這裡使用編譯安裝cmake.

編譯環境及依賴關係

[ [email protected] ~ ]#yum groupinstall -y Development Tools
[ [email protected] ~ ]#yum -y install ncurses-devel zlib-devel

獲取cmake :

[ 
 
[email protected] ~ ]#wget https://cmake.org/files/v3.9/cmake-3.9.3.tar.gz
[ [email protected] ~ ]#tar xf cmake-3.9.3.tar.gz -C /usr/local/

編譯安裝：

[ [email protected] ~ ]# cd /usr/local/cmake-3.9.3/
[ [email protected] ~ ]# ./configure 

此過程非常耗時，需要耐心等待。

接下來安裝Mariadb

[ [email protected]
 
 ~ ]#tar xf mariadb-5.5.57.tar.gz -C /usr/local/mysql

[ [email protected] /usr/local/mysql ]#
    cmake  -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
    -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
    -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
    -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
    -DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all \

# 注：
#第一行是mysql主程式安裝目錄
#第二行是配置檔案目錄
 

#第三行預設字符集為utf8
#第四行預設的字符集效對規則
#第五行安裝所有字符集

最後:

[ [email protected] /usr/local/mysql ]# make && make install

建立mysql使用者：

[ [email protected] / ]# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql
[ [email protected] / ]#chown mysql:root /usr/local/mysql/

MariaDB配置檔案建立及更改。

[ [email protected] / ]# cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf   
#複製配置檔案
[ [email protected] / ]# cp support-files/mysql.server  /etc/init.d/mysqld  
#複製啟動指令碼
[ [email protected] / ]# vim /etc/my.conf 
datadir = /usr/local/msyql/data/  
#指定資料庫路徑，不然無法啟動mysql
innodb_file_per_table = on
 #設定後當建立資料庫的表的時候表文件都會分離開，方便複製表，不開啟建立的表都在一個檔案
skip_name_resolve = on  
#跳過名稱反解，Mysql每次使用客戶端連結時都會把ip地址反解成主機名

設定Mysql環境變數

[ [email protected] / ]# echo "export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin">>/etc/profile ：設定mysql環境變數

執行指令碼初始化資料庫

[ [email protected] / ]#/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/mydata/ 

安全初始化mysql及設定(前提先啟動Mysql服務: server mysqld start)

[ [email protected] / ]#  /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_secure_installation
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_secure_installation: line 379: find_mysql_client: command not found

NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB
      SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE!  PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!

In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user.  If you've just installed MariaDB, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.

Enter current password for root (enter for none):     #回車
OK, successfully used password, moving on...

Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MariaDB
root user without the proper authorisation.

Set root password? [Y/n] y  #是否設定root密碼
New password:   
Re-enter new password: 
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
 ... Success!


By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for
them.  This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother.  You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n]    #刪除匿名賬號
 ... Success!

Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'.  This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n]   #是否禁止root賬號遠端登入，生產環境中一定要禁止
 ... Success!

By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access.  This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.

Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y    #是否清除測試資料庫
 - Dropping test database...
 ... Success!
 - Removing privileges on test database...
 ... Success!

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y  #過載
 ... Success!

Cleaning up...

All done!  If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB
installation should now be secure.

Thanks for using MariaDB!

測試能否登入入資料庫

[ [email protected] ~ ]#mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 38
Server version: 5.5.57-MariaDB Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]>