把web工程的war包釋出到linux伺服器上總是報錯exception is com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.io.MalformedByteSequenceException: Invalid byte 3 of 3-byte UTF-8 sequence，具體如下：

[2015-09-02 09:32:52 uq_www] INFO [pool-2-thread-3] XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(315) | Loading XML bean definitions from class
 
 path resource [applicationContext.xml]
[2015-09-02 09:32:53 uq_www] INFO [pool-2-thread-3] XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(315) | Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [applicationContext/db-context.xml]
[2015-09-02 09:32:53 uq_www] ERROR [pool-2-thread-3] ContextLoader.initWebApplicationContext(331
 
) | Context initialization failed
org.springframework.beans.factory.parsing.BeanDefinitionParsingException: Configuration problem: Failed to import bean definitions from relative location [applicationContext/db-context.xml]
Offending resource: class path resource [applicationContext.xml]; nested exception is
 
 org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanDefinitionStoreException: IOException parsing XML document from class path resource [applicationContext/db-context.xml]; nested exception is com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.impl.io.MalformedByteSequenceException: Invalid byte 3 of 3-byte UTF-8 sequence.

對比db-context.xml檔案的編碼方式是UTF-8，檔案首行是<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>也不錯。然後使用maven build，命令是clean package。生成的war包裡，使用notepad++開啟db-context.xml總是有部分中文註釋亂碼，但在eclipse裡顯示是沒有亂碼的。想必就是此問題了。於是暫時把問題定位在maven的外掛上，根據一些部落格的提示陸續把pom.xml做成這樣的配置：

<plugin>
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
    <configuration>
        <warSourceDirectory>WebRoot</warSourceDirectory>
        <webResources>
            <resource>
                <directory>${package.environment}</directory>
                <targetPath>WEB-INF/classes</targetPath>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
            </resource>
        </webResources>
    </configuration>
    <version>2.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>2.4</version>
    <configuration>
        <source>1.6</source>
        <target>1.6</target>
        <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
    </configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
       <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
       <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
       <version>2.6</version>
       <configuration>
         <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
       </configuration>
  </plugin>

還有這樣：

<properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
</properties>

同樣不可以。

那麼接下來莫非是我eclipse環境有問題，於是這樣：

- 修改Eclipse中文字檔案的預設編碼：windows -> Preference -> general -> Workspace -> Text file encoding設定為UTF-8
- 修改JAVA原始檔的預設編碼：windows->Preferences->general->Content Types->右側Context Types樹，點開Text，選擇Java Source File，在下面的Default encoding輸入框中輸入UTF-8，點Update

這樣就可以了。後來我又把pom.xml配置改為原來的，即不配置maven-resources-plugin的編碼方式，也刪除<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>此項，然而生成的war包仍是正常的。這樣看來其實是eclipse的環境問題了。