private String hashKeyFromUrl(String url) {
        String cacheKey;
        try {
            MessageDigest digest = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");
            digest.update(url.getBytes());
            cacheKey = bytesToHexString(digest.digest());
        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
            cacheKey = String.valueOf(url.hashCode());
        }
        return
 
 cacheKey;
    }

    private String bytesToHexString(byte[] digest) {
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        for (int i = 0; i < digest.length; i++) {
            String hex = Integer.toHexString(0xFF & digest[i]);
            if (hex.length() == 1) {
                sb.append('0'
 
);
            }
            sb.append(hex);
        }
        return sb.toString();
    }

private Bitmap decodeSampledBitmapFromFileDescriptor(FileDescriptor fd, int reqWidth, int reqHeight) {
        // First decode with inJustDecodeBounds=true to check dimensions
        final BitmapFactory.Options options = new
 
 BitmapFactory.Options();
        options.inJustDecodeBounds = true;
        BitmapFactory.decodeFileDescriptor(fd, null, options);

        // Calculate inSampleSize
        options.inSampleSize = calculateInSampleSize(options, reqWidth,
                reqHeight);

        // Decode bitmap with inSampleSize set
        options.inJustDecodeBounds = false;
        return BitmapFactory.decodeFileDescriptor(fd, null, options);
    }

    private Bitmap decodeSampledBitmapFromResource(Resources res, int resId, int reqWidth, int reqHeight) {
        BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options();
        options.inJustDecodeBounds = true;
        BitmapFactory.decodeResource(res, resId, options);
        options.inSampleSize = calculateInSampleSize(options, reqWidth, reqHeight);
        options.inJustDecodeBounds=false;
        return BitmapFactory.decodeResource(res, resId, options);
    }

    private int calculateInSampleSize(BitmapFactory.Options options, int reqWidth, int reqHeight) {
        int width = options.outWidth;
        int height = options.outHeight;
        int inSampleSize = 1;
        if (width > reqWidth || height > reqHeight) {
            int halfWidth = width / 2;
            int halfHeight = height / 2;
            while ((halfHeight / inSampleSize) >= reqHeight && (halfWidth / inSampleSize) >= reqWidth) {
                inSampleSize *= 2;
            }
        }
        return inSampleSize;
    }