一、   軟體準備

Eclipse 4.2.1

Maven 2.2.1

Spring 3.2.6

CXF 3.0.2

軟體下載和Eclipse 安裝 maven外掛等請參考其他文章。

二、   步驟

1.        新建web工程，利用maven管理，如下：

工程名為test，完成以後，專案結構如下圖：

src/main/java 準備放 java 程式；

src/main/resources準備放各類資原始檔。

2.        新增程式碼

1)        定義服務介面

package com.test;
 
import javax.jws.WebService;
 
@WebService
public interface HelloWorld {
    public String sayHello();
}
 

因為只是一個webservice的實驗程式，所以非常簡單，只有一個服務方法： sayHello()，利用 @WebService註解來宣告這是一個webservice的介面。

2)        實現服務類

package com.test;
 
import javax.jws.WebService;
 
@WebService
public class HelloWorldImpl implements HelloWorld{
   
    public String sayHello(){
        return "Hello world!";
    }
}

完成java程式碼新增後的專案結構如下：

3.        新增Spring-CXF 配置

在專案 src/main/webapp/WEB-INF 目錄下新建XML定義：cxf-servlet.xml如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--
        Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
        or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
        distributed with this work for additional information
        regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
        to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
        "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
        with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
       
        http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
       
        Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
        software distributed under the License is distributed on an
        "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
        KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
        specific language governing permissions and limitations
        under the License.
-->
<!-- START SNIPPET: beans -->
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:jaxws="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws"
    xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/jaxws.xsd">
    <import resource="classpath:META-INF/cxf/cxf.xml"/>
    <import resource="classpath:META-INF/cxf/cxf-servlet.xml"/>
    <jaxws:endpoint id="helloWorld" implementor="com.test.HelloWorldImpl" address="/HelloWorld"/>
</beans>
<!-- END SNIPPET: beans -->
 

該定義檔案利用spring和CXF的功能，釋出一個ID為helloWorld，實現類為com.test.HelloWorldImpl，釋出相對路徑為 /HelloWorld（對應絕對目錄為： http://host:port/{WebAPPName}/HelloWorld）的 webservice。

 因為我們需要用到CXF來做webservice，右鍵點選專案中的POM.XML，新增apache-cxf依賴，如下圖：

4.        Web應用配置

修改 src/main/webapp/WEB-INF 目錄下的web.xml檔案

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--
  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
  or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
  distributed with this work for additional information
  regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
  to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
  "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
  with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
 
  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 
  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
  software distributed under the License is distributed on an
  "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
  KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
  specific language governing permissions and limitations
  under the License.
-->
<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" version="2.5" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee           http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
    <display-name>cxf</display-name>
    <servlet>
        <description>Apache CXF Endpoint</description>
        <display-name>cxf</display-name>
        <servlet-name>cxf</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.CXFServlet</servlet-class>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>cxf</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    <session-config>
        <session-timeout>60</session-timeout>
    </session-config>
</web-app>

該檔案實際上是定義了處理webservice的CXF Servlet的對映關係。

 完成步驟3和4以後的工程目錄如下：

5.        編譯打包

利用maven（package -X）編譯打包成test.war

(在Eclipse上右擊工程名 Run as -> Maven build）

6.        將步驟5生成的test.war部署到tomcat伺服器上

7.        訪問測試：

在瀏覽器上輸入：http://localhost:8080/test/，出現如下畫面就成功了：

點選WSDL連結：

8.        編寫webservice client端程式碼

1)        首先通過 Spring 與 CXF 的配置來定義 Web Service 的客戶端 Bean，在 src\main\resources 目錄下建立client-beans.xml 配置檔案:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--
        Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
        or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
        distributed with this work for additional information
        regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
        to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
        "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
        with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
       
        http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
       
        Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
        software distributed under the License is distributed on an
        "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
        KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
        specific language governing permissions and limitations
        under the License.
-->
<!-- START SNIPPET: beans -->
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:jaxws="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws
     http://cxf.apache.org/schema/jaxws.xsd">
    <bean id="client" class="com.test.HelloWorld"
        factory-bean="clientFactory" factory-method="create"/>
    <bean id="clientFactory" class="org.apache.cxf.jaxws.JaxWsProxyFactoryBean">
        <property name="serviceClass" value="com.test.HelloWorld"/>
        <property name="address" value="http://localhost:8080/test/HelloWorld"/>
    </bean>
</beans>
<!-- END SNIPPET: beans -->

需要注意的是，該配置檔案中的 address需要寫成釋出服務的絕對路徑。

2)        編寫客戶端java程式碼: HelloWorldClient.java

package com.test;
 
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
 
public final class HelloWorldClient {
 
    private HelloWorldClient() {
    }
 
    public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception {
        // START SNIPPET: client
        ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context
            = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[] {"client-beans.xml"});
 
        HelloWorld client = (HelloWorld)context.getBean("client");
 
        String response = client.sayHello();
        System.out.println("Response: " + response);
        System.exit(0);
        // END SNIPPET: client
    }
}

注意，程式碼中HelloWorldclient = (HelloWorld)context.getBean("client"); 的client需要與"client-beans.xml"中的 bean id一致才能找到這個服務。 

現在的專案結構如下：

3)        連線測試

在eclipse中直接按HelloWorldClient執行 Run as -> Java Application: 

 輸出的Hello world! 即是我們釋出的HelloWorld的方法 sayHello()的輸出！這說明從服務釋出到客戶端連線都成功了。