【C#公共幫助類】給大家分享一些加密演算法 （DES、HashCode、RSA、AES等）
阿新 • • 發佈：2019-01-18
AES
高階加密標準（英語：Advanced Encryption Standard，縮寫：AES），在密碼學中又稱Rijndael加密法，是美國聯邦政府採用的一種區塊加密標準。這個標準用來替代原先的DES，已經被多方分析且廣為全世界所使用。AES先進加密演算法是一向被認為牢不可破的加密演算法，針對這項加密演算法的攻擊是異常複雜的，事實上想要完全破解AES花費的時間要以數十億年計，極大的保證了資料的安全性。
這裡有兩個加密、解密方法： 一種是帶金鑰的加密；一種是動態加密，就是不需要金鑰，金鑰被動態生成並且儲存在密文中，解密時先解密金鑰，在解密密文。
using System;using System.Security.Cryptography; using System.Text; namespace Common.CryptHelper { public class AESCrypt { public const string RET_ERROR = "x07x07x07x07x07"; private byte[] _IV = { 0x12, 0x34, 0x56, 0x78, 0x90, 0xAB, 0xCD, 0xEF, 0x12, 0x34, 0x56, 0x78, 0x90, 0xAB, 0xCD, 0xEF }; privatebyte[] _Key = { 0x63, 0x7c, 0x77, 0x7b, 0xf2, 0x6b, 0x6f, 0xc5, 0x30, 0x01, 0x67, 0x2b, 0xfe, 0xd7, 0xab, 0x76, 0xca, 0x82, 0xc9, 0x7d, 0xfa, 0x59, 0x47, 0xf0, 0xad, 0xd4, 0xa2, 0xaf, 0x9c, 0xa4, 0x72, 0xc0, 0xb7, 0xfd, 0x93, 0x26, 0x36, 0x3f, 0xf7, 0xcc, 0x34, 0xa5, 0xe5, 0xf1, 0x71, 0xd8, 0x31, 0x15, 0x04, 0xc7, 0x23, 0xc3, 0x18, 0x96, 0x05, 0x9a, 0x07, 0x12, 0x80, 0xe2, 0xeb, 0x27, 0xb2, 0x75, 0x09, 0x83, 0x2c, 0x1a, 0x1b, 0x6e, 0x5a, 0xa0, 0x52, 0x3b, 0xd6, 0xb3, 0x29, 0xe3, 0x2f, 0x84, 0x53, 0xd1, 0x00, 0xed, 0x20, 0xfc, 0xb1, 0x5b, 0x6a, 0xcb, 0xbe, 0x39, 0x4a, 0x4c, 0x58, 0xcf, 0xd0, 0xef, 0xaa, 0xfb, 0x43, 0x4d, 0x33, 0x85, 0x45, 0xf9, 0x02, 0x7f, 0x50, 0x3c, 0x9f, 0xa8, 0x51, 0xa3, 0x40, 0x8f, 0x92, 0x9d, 0x38, 0xf5, 0xbc, 0xb6, 0xda, 0x21, 0x10, 0xff, 0xf3, 0xd2, 0xcd, 0x0c, 0x13, 0xec, 0x5f, 0x97, 0x44, 0x17, 0xc4, 0xa7, 0x7e, 0x3d, 0x64, 0x5d, 0x19, 0x73, 0x60, 0x81, 0x4f, 0xdc, 0x22, 0x2a, 0x90, 0x88, 0x46, 0xee, 0xb8, 0x14, 0xde, 0x5e, 0x0b, 0xdb, 0xe0, 0x32, 0x3a, 0x0a, 0x49, 0x06, 0x24, 0x5c, 0xc2, 0xd3, 0xac, 0x62, 0x91, 0x95, 0xe4, 0x79, 0xe7, 0xc8, 0x37, 0x6d, 0x8d, 0xd5, 0x4e, 0xa9, 0x6c, 0x56, 0xf4, 0xea, 0x65, 0x7a, 0xae, 0x08, 0xba, 0x78, 0x25, 0x2e, 0x1c, 0xa6, 0xb4, 0xc6, 0xe8, 0xdd, 0x74, 0x1f, 0x4b, 0xbd, 0x8b, 0x8a, 0x70, 0x3e, 0xb5, 0x66, 0x48, 0x03, 0xf6, 0x0e, 0x61, 0x35, 0x57, 0xb9, 0x86, 0xc1, 0x1d, 0x9e, 0xe1, 0xf8, 0x98, 0x11, 0x69, 0xd9, 0x8e, 0x94, 0x9b, 0x1e, 0x87, 0xe9, 0xce, 0x55, 0x28, 0xdf, 0x8c, 0xa1, 0x89, 0x0d, 0xbf, 0xe6, 0x42, 0x68, 0x41, 0x99, 0x2d, 0x0f, 0xb0, 0x54, 0xbb, 0x16 }; private const string CRYPTO_KEY = "ADVANCEDENCRYPTIONSTANDARD"; private int CRYPTO_KEY_LENGTH = 32; private AesCryptoServiceProvider m_aesCryptoServiceProvider; private string m_message; public string Message { get { return m_message; } set { m_message = value; } } private bool m_containKey; /// <summary> /// True：密文中包含金鑰 /// False：密文中不包含金鑰 /// </summary> public bool ContainKey { get { return m_containKey; } set { m_containKey = value; } } public AESCrypt() { m_aesCryptoServiceProvider = new AesCryptoServiceProvider(); m_containKey = true; m_message = string.Empty; } public AESCrypt(bool containKey) : this() { m_containKey = containKey; } private string Encrypt(string s_crypto, byte[] key) { string s_encryped = string.Empty; byte[] crypto, encrypted; ICryptoTransform ct; try { crypto = string2Byte(s_crypto); m_aesCryptoServiceProvider.Key = key; m_aesCryptoServiceProvider.IV = _IV; ct = m_aesCryptoServiceProvider.CreateEncryptor(); encrypted = ct.TransformFinalBlock(crypto, 0, crypto.Length); if (m_containKey) { s_encryped += byte2HexString(key); } s_encryped += byte2HexString(encrypted); return s_encryped; } catch (Exception ex) { m_message = ex.ToString(); return RET_ERROR; } } private string Decrypt(string s_encrypted, byte[] key) { string s_decrypted = string.Empty; byte[] encrypted, decrypted; ICryptoTransform ct; try { encrypted = hexString2Byte(s_encrypted); m_aesCryptoServiceProvider.Key = key; m_aesCryptoServiceProvider.IV = _IV; ct = m_aesCryptoServiceProvider.CreateDecryptor(); decrypted = ct.TransformFinalBlock(encrypted, 0, encrypted.Length); s_decrypted += byte2String(decrypted); return s_decrypted; } catch (Exception ex) { m_message = ex.ToString(); m_message = "Decrypt fail."; return RET_ERROR; } } #region 指定金鑰對明文進行AES加密、解密 /// <summary> /// 指定金鑰對明文進行AES加密 /// </summary> /// <param name="s_crypto">明文</param> /// <param name="s_key">加密金鑰</param> /// <returns></returns> public string Encrypt(string s_crypto, string s_key) { byte[] key = new byte[CRYPTO_KEY_LENGTH]; byte[] temp = string2Byte(s_key); if (temp.Length > key.Length) { m_message = "Key too long,need less than 32 Bytes key."; return RET_ERROR; } key = string2Byte(s_key.PadRight(key.Length)); return Encrypt(s_crypto, key); } /// <summary> /// 指定金鑰，並對密文進行解密 /// </summary> /// <param name="s_encrypted">密文</param> /// <param name="s_key">金鑰</param> /// <returns></returns> public string Decrypt(string s_encrypted, string s_key) { byte[] key = new byte[CRYPTO_KEY_LENGTH]; byte[] temp = string2Byte(s_key); if (temp.Length > key.Length) { m_message = "Key invalid.too long,need less than 32 Bytes"; return RET_ERROR; } key = string2Byte(s_key.PadRight(key.Length)); if (m_containKey) { s_encrypted = s_encrypted.Substring(CRYPTO_KEY_LENGTH * 2); } return Decrypt(s_encrypted, key); } #endregion #region 動態生成金鑰，並對明文進行AES加密、解密 /// <summary> /// 動態生成金鑰，並對明文進行AES加密 /// </summary> /// <param name="s_crypto">明文</param> /// <returns></returns> public string Encrypt(string s_crypto) { byte[] key = new byte[CRYPTO_KEY_LENGTH]; m_aesCryptoServiceProvider.GenerateKey(); key = m_aesCryptoServiceProvider.Key; return Encrypt(s_crypto, key); } /// <summary> /// 從密文中解析出金鑰，並對密文進行解密 /// </summary> /// <param name="s_encrypted">密文</param> /// <returns></returns> public string Decrypt(string s_encrypted) { string s_key = string.Empty; byte[] key = new byte[CRYPTO_KEY_LENGTH]; if (s_encrypted.Length <= CRYPTO_KEY_LENGTH * 2) { m_message = "Encrypted string invalid."; return RET_ERROR; } if (m_containKey) { s_key = s_encrypted.Substring(0, CRYPTO_KEY_LENGTH * 2); s_encrypted = s_encrypted.Substring(CRYPTO_KEY_LENGTH * 2); } key = hexString2Byte(s_key); return Decrypt(s_encrypted, key); } #endregion #region 私有方法 private string byte2HexString(byte[] bytes) { StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); foreach (byte b in bytes) { sb.AppendFormat("{0:X2}", b); } return sb.ToString(); } private byte[] hexString2Byte(string hex) { int len = hex.Length / 2; byte[] bytes = new byte[len]; for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) { bytes[i] = (byte)(Convert.ToInt32(hex.Substring(i * 2, 2), 16)); } return bytes; } private byte[] string2Byte(string str) { return Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(str); } private string byte2String(byte[] bytes) { return Encoding.UTF8.GetString(bytes); } #endregion } }
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DES
資料加密標準（DES，Data Encryption Standard）是一種對稱加密演算法，很可能是使用最廣泛的金鑰系統，特別是在保護金融資料的安全中，是安全性比較高的一種演算法，目前只有一種方法可以破解該演算法，那就是窮舉法。
using System; using System.Security.Cryptography; using System.Text; namespace Common.CryptHelper { /// <summary> /// DES加密/解密類。 /// </summary> public class DESEncrypt { #region ========加密======== /// <summary> /// 加密資料 /// </summary> /// <param name="Text"></param> /// <param name="sKey"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static string Encrypt(string Text, string sKey) { DESCryptoServiceProvider des = new DESCryptoServiceProvider(); byte[] inputByteArray; inputByteArray = Encoding.Default.GetBytes(Text); des.Key = ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetBytes(System.Web.Security.FormsAuthentication.HashPasswordForStoringInConfigFile(sKey, "md5").Substring(0, 8)); des.IV = ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetBytes(System.Web.Security.FormsAuthentication.HashPasswordForStoringInConfigFile(sKey, "md5").Substring(0, 8)); System.IO.MemoryStream ms = new System.IO.MemoryStream(); CryptoStream cs = new CryptoStream(ms, des.CreateEncryptor(), CryptoStreamMode.Write); cs.Write(inputByteArray, 0, inputByteArray.Length); cs.FlushFinalBlock(); StringBuilder ret = new StringBuilder(); foreach (byte b in ms.ToArray()) { ret.AppendFormat("{0:X2}", b); } return ret.ToString(); } #endregion #region ========解密======== /// <summary> /// 解密資料 /// </summary> /// <param name="Text"></param> /// <param name="sKey"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static string Decrypt(string Text, string sKey) { DESCryptoServiceProvider des = new DESCryptoServiceProvider(); int len; len = Text.Length / 2; byte[] inputByteArray = new byte[len]; int x, i; for (x = 0; x < len; x++) { i = Convert.ToInt32(Text.Substring(x * 2, 2), 16); inputByteArray[x] = (byte)i; } des.Key = ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetBytes(System.Web.Security.FormsAuthentication.HashPasswordForStoringInConfigFile(sKey, "md5").Substring(0, 8)); des.IV = ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetBytes(System.Web.Security.FormsAuthentication.HashPasswordForStoringInConfigFile(sKey, "md5").Substring(0, 8)); System.IO.MemoryStream ms = new System.IO.MemoryStream(); CryptoStream cs = new CryptoStream(ms, des.CreateDecryptor(), CryptoStreamMode.Write); cs.Write(inputByteArray, 0, inputByteArray.Length); cs.FlushFinalBlock(); return Encoding.Default.GetString(ms.ToArray()); } #endregion } }
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RSA
RSA是第一個既能用於資料加密也能用於數字簽名的演算法。它易於理解和操作，也很流行。演算法的名字以發明者的名字命名：Ron Rivest, Adi Shamir 和Leonard Adleman。但RSA的安全性一直未能得到理論上的證明。它經歷了各種攻擊，至今未被完全攻破。今天只有短的RSA鑰匙才可能被強力方式解破。到2008年為止，世界上還沒有任何可靠的攻擊RSA演算法的方式。只要其鑰匙的長度足夠長，用RSA加密的資訊實際上是不能被解破的。但在分散式計算和量子計算機理論日趨成熟的今天，RSA加密安全性受到了挑戰。
using System; using System.Text; using System.Security.Cryptography; namespace Common.CryptHelper { /// <summary> /// RSA加密解密及RSA簽名和驗證 /// </summary> public class RSACryption { public RSACryption() { } #region RSA 加密解密 #region RSA 的金鑰產生 /// <summary> /// RSA 的金鑰產生 產生私鑰 和公鑰 /// </summary> /// <param name="xmlKeys"></param> /// <param name="xmlPublicKey"></param> public void RSAKey(out string xmlKeys,out string xmlPublicKey) { System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa=new RSACryptoServiceProvider(); xmlKeys=rsa.ToXmlString(true); xmlPublicKey = rsa.ToXmlString(false); } #endregion #region RSA的加密函式 //############################################################################## //RSA 方式加密 //說明KEY必須是XML的行式,返回的是字串 //在有一點需要說明！！該加密方式有 長度 限制的！！ //############################################################################## //RSA的加密函式 string public string RSAEncrypt(string xmlPublicKey,string m_strEncryptString ) { byte[] PlainTextBArray; byte[] CypherTextBArray; string Result; RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa=new RSACryptoServiceProvider(); rsa.FromXmlString(xmlPublicKey); PlainTextBArray = (new UnicodeEncoding()).GetBytes(m_strEncryptString); CypherTextBArray = rsa.Encrypt(PlainTextBArray, false); Result=Convert.ToBase64String(CypherTextBArray); return Result; } //RSA的加密函式 byte[] public string RSAEncrypt(string xmlPublicKey,byte[] EncryptString ) { byte[] CypherTextBArray; string Result; RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa=new RSACryptoServiceProvider(); rsa.FromXmlString(xmlPublicKey); CypherTextBArray = rsa.Encrypt(EncryptString, false); Result=Convert.ToBase64String(CypherTextBArray); return Result; } #endregion #region RSA的解密函式 //RSA的解密函式 string public string RSADecrypt(string xmlPrivateKey, string m_strDecryptString ) { byte[] PlainTextBArray; byte[] DypherTextBArray; string Result; System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa=new RSACryptoServiceProvider(); rsa.FromXmlString(xmlPrivateKey); PlainTextBArray =Convert.FromBase64String(m_strDecryptString); DypherTextBArray=rsa.Decrypt(PlainTextBArray, false); Result=(new UnicodeEncoding()).GetString(DypherTextBArray); return Result; } //RSA的解密函式 byte public string RSADecrypt(string xmlPrivateKey, byte[] DecryptString ) { byte[] DypherTextBArray; string Result; System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider rsa=new RSACryptoServiceProvider(); rsa.FromXmlString(xmlPrivateKey); DypherTextBArray=rsa.Decrypt(DecryptString, false); Result=(new UnicodeEncoding()).GetString(DypherTextBArray); return Result; } #endregion #endregion #region RSA數字簽名 #region 獲取Hash描述表 //獲取Hash描述表 public bool GetHash(string m_strSource, ref byte[] HashData) { //從字串中取得Hash描述 byte[] Buffer; System.Security.Cryptography.HashAlgorithm MD5 = System.Security.Cryptography.HashAlgorithm.Create("MD5"); Buffer = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312").GetBytes(m_strSource); HashData = MD5.ComputeHash(Buffer); return true; } //獲取Hash描述表 public bool GetHash(string m_strSource, ref string strHashData) { //從字串中取得Hash描述 byte[] Buffer; byte[] HashData; System.Security.Cryptography.HashAlgorithm MD5 = System.Security.Cryptography.HashAlgorithm.Create("MD5"); Buffer = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("GB2312").GetBytes(m_strSource); HashData = MD5.ComputeHash(Buffer); strHashData = Convert.ToBase64String(HashData); return true; } //獲取Hash描述表 public bool GetHash(System.IO.FileStream objFile, ref byte[] HashData) { //從檔案中取得Hash描述 System.Security.Cryptography.HashAlgorithm MD5 = System.Security.Cryptography.HashAlgorithm.Create("MD5"); HashData = MD5.ComputeHash(objFile); objFile.Close(); return true; } //獲取Hash描述表 public bool GetHash(System.IO.FileStream objFile, ref string strHashData) { //從檔案中取得Hash描述 byte[] HashData; System.Security.Cryptography.HashAlgorithm MD5 = System.Security.Cryptography.HashAlgorithm.Create("MD5"); HashData = MD5.ComputeHash(objFile); objFile.Close(); strHashData = Convert.ToBase64String(HashData); return true; } #endregion #region RSA簽名 //RSA簽名 public bool SignatureFormatter(string p_strKeyPrivate, byte[] HashbyteSignature, ref byte[] EncryptedSignatureData) { System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider RSA = new System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider(); RSA.FromXmlString(p_strKeyPrivate); System.Security.Cryptography.RSAPKCS1SignatureFormatter RSAFormatter = new System.Security.Cryptography.RSAPKCS1SignatureFormatter(RSA); //設定簽名的演算法為MD5 RSAFormatter.SetHashAlgorithm("MD5"); //執行簽名 EncryptedSignatureData = RSAFormatter.CreateSignature(HashbyteSignature); return true; } //RSA簽名 public bool SignatureFormatter(string p_strKeyPrivate, byte[] HashbyteSignature, ref string m_strEncryptedSignatureData) { byte[] EncryptedSignatureData; System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider RSA = new System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider(); RSA.FromXmlString(p_strKeyPrivate); System.Security.Cryptography.RSAPKCS1SignatureFormatter RSAFormatter = new System.Security.Cryptography.RSAPKCS1SignatureFormatter(RSA); //設定簽名的演算法為MD5 RSAFormatter.SetHashAlgorithm("MD5"); //執行簽名 EncryptedSignatureData = RSAFormatter.CreateSignature(HashbyteSignature); m_strEncryptedSignatureData = Convert.ToBase64String(EncryptedSignatureData); return true; } //RSA簽名 public bool SignatureFormatter(string p_strKeyPrivate, string m_strHashbyteSignature, ref byte[] EncryptedSignatureData) { byte[] HashbyteSignature; HashbyteSignature = Convert.FromBase64String(m_strHashbyteSignature); System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider RSA = new System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider(); RSA.FromXmlString(p_strKeyPrivate); System.Security.Cryptography.RSAPKCS1SignatureFormatter RSAFormatter = new System.Security.Cryptography.RSAPKCS1SignatureFormatter(RSA); //設定簽名的演算法為MD5 RSAFormatter.SetHashAlgorithm("MD5"); //執行簽名 EncryptedSignatureData = RSAFormatter.CreateSignature(HashbyteSignature); return true; } //RSA簽名 public bool SignatureFormatter(string p_strKeyPrivate, string m_strHashbyteSignature, ref string m_strEncryptedSignatureData) { byte[] HashbyteSignature; byte[] EncryptedSignatureData; HashbyteSignature = Convert.FromBase64String(m_strHashbyteSignature); System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider RSA = new System.Security.Cryptography.RSACryptoServiceProvider(); RSA.FromXmlString(p_strKeyPrivate); System.Security.Cryptography.RSAPKCS1SignatureFormatter RSAFormatter = new System.Security.Cryptography.RSAPKCS1SignatureFormatter(RSA); //設定簽名的演算法為MD5 RSAFormatter.SetHashAlgorithm("MD5"); //執行簽名 EncryptedSignatureData = RSAFormatter.CreateSignature(HashbyteSignature); m_strEncryptedSignatureData = Convert.ToBase64String(EncryptedSignatureData); return true; } #endregion #region RSA 簽名驗證 public bool SignatureDeformatter(string p_strKeyPublic, byte[] HashbyteDeformatter, byte