File System Function

In computing, a file system or filesystem is used to control how data is stored and retrieved. Without a file system, information placed in a storage medium would be one large body of data with no way to tell where one piece of information stops and the next begins. By separating the data into pieces and giving each piece a name, the information is easily isolated and identified. Taking its name from the way paper-based information systems are named, each group of data is called a “file”. The structure and logic rules used to manage the groups of information and their names is called a “file system”.

Graphic File Manager

• Gnome : Nautilus
• Windows : Windows Explorer
• Mac OS : Finder

Bash

• command interpretor
• programming language
• command processor that typically runs in a text windows,where the user types commands that cause
• actions
• can also read and execute commands from a file, called a script

Basic commands to explore file system

• ls -lSh : get the file list of the current path sorted by file size
• cd [-L|-P] directory : change directory
• pwd [OPTIONS] : Prints the whole pathname of the current directory
• du [OPTION] .. [FILE] : estimates and displays the disk space by files
• df [OPTION] … [FILE] : reports the amount of available disk space being used by file systems
• man : man is the interface used to view the system’s reference manuals
• mkdir [OPTIONS] DIRECTORY: creates directory on a file system
• cp [OPTIONS] … SOURCE … DIRECTORY: makes copies of files and directory
• mv [OPTIONS] … SOURCE … DIRECTORY: moves or rename files
• rm [OPTIONS] … FILE … : removes (deletes) files or directories
• touch [OPTION] … FILE … : changes file timestamp