iOS 常用知識總結
阿新 • • 發佈：2019-01-22
- 1.隱藏導航欄上的返回字型
//Swift
UIBarButtonItem.appearance().setBackButtonTitlePositionAdjustment(UIOffsetMake(0, -60), forBarMetrics: .Default)
//OC
[[UIBarButtonItem appearance] setBackButtonTitlePositionAdjustment:UIOffsetMake(0, -60) forBarMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];- 2.去掉tableView多餘的線條
//Swift
self.tableView - 3.去掉tableView的線條
//Swift
self.tableView?.separatorStyle = .None
//OC
self.tableView.separatorStyle = UITableViewCellSeparatorStyleNone;- 4.去掉cell的選中效果
//Swift
cell.selectionStyle = .None
//OC
cell.selectionStyle = UITableViewCellSelectionStyleNone; - 5.解決tableview的分割線短一截
-(void)viewDidLayoutSubviews
{
if ([self.tableView respondsToSelector:@selector(setSeparatorInset:)]) {
[self.tableView setSeparatorInset:UIEdgeInsetsMake(0,0,0,0)];
}
if ([self.tableView respondsToSelector:@selector(setLayoutMargins:)]) {
[self.tableView - 6.在swift中定義協議的時候,如果使用如下方法定義,需要在宣告時,使用weak來修飾以防止迴圈引用
@objc protocol BookTabBarDelegate{
func commet()
func commetnController()
func likeBook()
func shareAction()
}
weak var delegate:BookTabBarDelegate?- 7.如果使用swift語法宣告一個協議時,不用使用weak進行修飾,否則會報錯
protocol BookTabBarDelegate{
func commet()
func commetnController()
func likeBook()
func shareAction()
}
var delegate:BookTabBarDelegate?- 8.動態隱藏NavigationBar
//1.當我們的手離開螢幕時候隱藏
- (void)scrollViewWillEndDragging:(UIScrollView *)scrollView withVelocity:(CGPoint)velocity targetContentOffset:(inout CGPoint *)targetContentOffset{
NSLog(@"======== %lf", velocity.y);
if(velocity.y > 0) {
[self.navigationController setNavigationBarHidden:YES animated:YES];
}
else {
[self.navigationController setNavigationBarHidden:NO animated:YES];
}
}
velocity.y這個量，在上滑和下滑時，變化極小（小數），但是因為方向不同，有正負之分，這就很好處理了。效果圖:
//2.在滑動過程中隱藏
//像safari
(1) self.navigationController.hidesBarsOnSwipe = YES;
(2)- (void)scrollViewDidScroll:(UIScrollView *)scrollView
{
CGFloat offsetY = scrollView.contentOffset.y + _familyTableView.contentInset.top;//注意
CGFloat panTranslationY = [scrollView.panGestureRecognizer translationInView:self.familyTableView].y;
if (offsetY > 64) {
if (panTranslationY > 0) { //下滑趨勢，顯示
[self.navigationController setNavigationBarHidden:NO animated:YES];
}
else { //上滑趨勢，隱藏
[self.navigationController setNavigationBarHidden:YES animated:YES];
}
}
else {
[self.navigationController setNavigationBarHidden:NO animated:YES];
}
}
這裡的offsetY > 64只是為了在檢視滑過navigationBar的高度之後才開始處理，防止影響展示效果。
panTranslationY是scrollView的pan手勢的手指位置的y值，可能不是太好，因為panTranslationY這個值在較小幅度上下滑動時，可能都為正或都為負，這就使得這一方式不太靈敏.效果圖:
- 9.設定導航欄透明
//方法一:設定透明度
[[[self.navigationController.navigationBar subviews]objectAtIndex:0] setAlpha:0.1];
//方法二:設定背景圖片
/**
* 設定導航欄,使其透明
*
*/
- (void)setNavigationBarColor:(UIColor *)color targetController:(UIViewController *)targetViewController
{
//導航條的顏色 以及隱藏導航條的顏色
targetViewController.navigationController.navigationBar.shadowImage = [[UIImage alloc]init];
CGRect rect=CGRectMake(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f);
UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(rect.size);
CGContextRef context = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext();
CGContextSetFillColorWithColor(context, [color CGColor]);
CGContextFillRect(context, rect);
UIImage *theImage = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext();
UIGraphicsEndImageContext();
[targetViewController.navigationController.navigationBar setBackgroundImage:theImage forBarMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
}- 10.設定字型和行間距
//字型
NSFontAttributeName
//段落格式
NSParagraphStyleAttributeName
//字型顏色
NSForegroundColorAttributeName
//背景顏色
NSBackgroundColorAttributeName
//刪除線格式
NSStrikethroughStyleAttributeName
//下劃線格式
NSUnderlineStyleAttributeName
//刪除線顏色
NSStrokeColorAttributeName
//刪除線寬度
NSStrokeWidthAttributeName
//陰影
NSShadowAttributeName
//設定字型和行間距
UILabel * lable = [[UILabel alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(50, 100, 300, 200)];
lable.text = @"大家好,我是Frank_chun,在這裡我們一起學習新的知識,總結我們遇到的那些坑,共同的學習,共同的進步,共同的努力,只為美好的明天!!!有問題一起相互的探討--438637472!!!";
lable.numberOfLines = 0;
lable.font = [UIFont systemFontOfSize:12];
lable.backgroundColor = [UIColor grayColor];
[self.view addSubview:lable];
//設定每個字型之間的間距
//NSKernAttributeName 這個物件所對應的值是一個NSNumber物件(包含小數),作用是修改預設字型之間的距離調整,值為0的話表示字距調整是禁用的;
NSMutableAttributedString * str = [[NSMutableAttributedString alloc]initWithString:lable.text attributes:@{NSKernAttributeName:@(5.0)}];
//設定某寫字型的顏色
//NSForegroundColorAttributeName 設定字型顏色
NSRange blueRange = NSMakeRange([[str string] rangeOfString:@"Frank_chun"].location, [[str string] rangeOfString:@"Frank_chun"].length);
[str addAttribute:NSForegroundColorAttributeName value:[UIColor redColor] range:blueRange];
NSRange blueRange1 = NSMakeRange([[str string] rangeOfString:@"438637472"].location, [[str string] rangeOfString:@"438637472"].length);
[str addAttribute:NSForegroundColorAttributeName value:[UIColor redColor] range:blueRange1];
//設定每行之間的間距
//NSParagraphStyleAttributeName 設定段落的樣式
NSMutableParagraphStyle * par = [[NSMutableParagraphStyle alloc]init];
[par setLineSpacing:20];
//為某一範圍內文字新增某個屬性
//NSMakeRange表示所要的範圍,從0到整個文字的長度
[str addAttribute:NSParagraphStyleAttributeName value:par range:NSMakeRange(0, lable.text.length)];
[lable setAttributedText:str];效果圖:
- 11.點選button倒計時
//第一種方法
//點選button倒計時
#import "ViewController.h"
@interface ViewController ()
@property (nonatomic, strong) UIButton * timeButton;
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSTimer * timer;
@property (nonatomic, strong)UIButton * btn;
@end
@implementation ViewController
{
NSInteger _time;
}
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
_time = 5;
self.btn = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom];
_btn.backgroundColor = [UIColor orangeColor];
[_btn setTitle:@"獲取驗證碼" forState:UIControlStateNormal];
_btn.titleLabel.font = [UIFont systemFontOfSize:15];
[_timeButton setTitleColor:[UIColor blackColor] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
[_btn addTarget:self action:@selector(btnAction:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
[self refreshButtonWidth];
[self.view addSubview:self.btn];
}
- (void)refreshButtonWidth
{
CGFloat width = 0;
if (_btn.enabled) {
width = 100;
}
else {
width = 200;
}
_btn.center = CGPointMake(self.view.frame.size.width/2, 200);
_btn.bounds = CGRectMake(0, 0, width, 40);
//每次重新整理，保證區域正確
[_btn setBackgroundImage:[self imageWithColor:[UIColor orangeColor] andSize:_btn.frame.size] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
[_btn setBackgroundImage:[self imageWithColor:[UIColor lightGrayColor] andSize:_btn.frame.size] forState:UIControlStateDisabled];
}
- (UIImage *)imageWithColor:(UIColor *)color andSize:(CGSize)aSize
{
CGRect rect = CGRectMake(0.0f, 0.0f, aSize.width, aSize.height);
UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(rect.size);
CGContextRef context = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext();
CGContextSetFillColorWithColor(context, [color CGColor]);
CGContextFillRect(context, rect);
UIImage *image = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext();
UIGraphicsEndImageContext();
return image;
}
- (void)btnAction:(UIButton *)sender
{
sender.enabled = NO;
[self refreshButtonWidth];
[sender setTitle:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"獲取驗證碼(%zi)", _time] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
_timer = [NSTimer scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval:0.1 target:self selector:@selector(timeDown) userInfo:nil repeats:YES];
}
- (void)timeDown
{
_time --;
if (_time == 0) {
[_btn setTitle:@"重新獲取" forState:UIControlStateNormal];
_btn.enabled = YES;
[self refreshButtonWidth];
[_timer invalidate];
_timer = nil;
_time = 5 ;
return;
}
[_btn setTitle:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"獲取驗證碼(%zi)", _time] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
}//第二種方法
#pragma mark -點擊發送驗證碼
- (void)sendMessage:(UIButton *)btn
{
if (self.phoneField.text.length == 0) {
[self remindMessage:@"請輸入正確的手機號"];
}else{
__block int timeout=60; //倒計時時間
dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0);
dispatch_source_t _timer = dispatch_source_create(DISPATCH_SOURCE_TYPE_TIMER, 0, 0,queue);
dispatch_source_set_timer(_timer,dispatch_walltime(NULL, 0),1.0*NSEC_PER_SEC, 0); //每秒執行
dispatch_source_set_event_handler(_timer, ^{
if(timeout<=0){ //倒計時結束，關閉
dispatch_source_cancel(_timer);
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
// 設定介面的按鈕顯示 根據自己需求設定
[btn setTitle:@"傳送驗證碼" forState:UIControlStateNormal];
btn.userInteractionEnabled = YES;
});
}else{
int seconds = timeout % 60;
NSString *strTime = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d", seconds];
if ([strTime isEqualToString:@"0"]) {
strTime = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d",60];
}
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
//設定介面的按鈕顯示 根據自己需求設定
//NSLog(@"____%@",strTime);
[UIView beginAnimations:nil context:nil];
[UIView setAnimationDuration:1];
[btn setTitle:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@秒後重新發送",strTime] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
[UIView commitAnimations];
btn.userInteractionEnabled = NO;
});
timeout--;
}
});
dispatch_resume(_timer);
}效果圖:
- UITextField預設佔位符是居中顯示,讓其居上顯示
textField.contentVerticalAlignment = UIControlContentVerticalAlignmentTop;- 13.拍照,獲取相機的相簿,並自定義相機介面
#import "ViewController.h"
@interface ViewController ()<UIImagePickerControllerDelegate,UINavigationControllerDelegate>
@property (nonatomic, strong)UIImagePickerController * picker;
@property (nonatomic, strong)UIImageView * imageView;
@end
@implementation ViewController
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
// Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.
self.imageView = [[UIImageView alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(50, 50, 250, 250)];
_imageView.backgroundColor = [UIColor grayColor];
[self.view addSubview:self.imageView];
UIButton * btn = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom];
btn.frame = CGRectMake(100, 350, 100, 50);
btn.backgroundColor = [UIColor greenColor];
[btn setTitle:@"儲存圖片" forState:UIControlStateNormal];
[btn addTarget:self action:@selector(doClick:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
[self.view addSubview:btn];
}
- (void)doClick:(UIButton *)sender
{
//建立圖片選擇控制器物件
self.picker = [[UIImagePickerController alloc]init];
//設定代理
_picker.delegate = self;
//設定樣式
/**
* UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypePhotoLibrary,//從相簿開啟照片
UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeCamera,//啟動攝像頭拍照
UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeSavedPhotosAlbum//直接開啟儲存的照片列表,如果有攝像頭,則開啟相簿
*/
UIImagePickerControllerSourceType type = UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeCamera;
_picker.sourceType = type;
//允許編輯(選擇好圖片或者拍攝好之後允許使用者拖動縮放等操作)
_picker.allowsEditing = YES;
//彈出相機
[self presentViewController:self.picker animated:YES completion:^{
}];
//自定義相機介面
_picker.showsCameraControls = NO;
UIToolbar * tool = [[UIToolbar alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, self.view.frame.size.height - 40, self.view.frame.size.width, 40)];
tool.barStyle = UIBarStyleBlackTranslucent;
tool.barTintColor = [UIColor greenColor];
UIBarButtonItem * cancel = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc]initWithTitle:@"取消" style:UIBarButtonItemStylePlain target:self action:@selector(touchCancel)];
cancel.width = self.view.frame.size.width/2;
UIBarButtonItem * ok = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc]initWithTitle:@"確定" style:UIBarButtonItemStylePlain target:self action:@selector(touchOk)];
ok.width = self.view.frame.size.width/2;
[tool setItems:@[cancel,ok]];
//把自定義的view新增到UIImagePickerController的layView上
_picker.cameraOverlayView = tool;
}
#pragma mark - UIImagePickerControllerDelegate
- (void)imagePickerController:(UIImagePickerController *)picker didFinishPickingMediaWithInfo:(NSDictionary<NSString *,id> *)info
{
//從字典中取出照片
/*
UIImagePickerControllerEditedImage 編輯之後的圖片
UIImagePickerControllerOriginalImage 原來的圖片
*/
UIImage * image = [info objectForKey:UIImagePickerControllerOriginalImage];
self.imageView.image = image;
//相機消失
[self dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:^{
}];
}
#pragma mark - 取消按鈕和確定按鈕
- (void)touchCancel
{
[self.picker dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:^{
}];
}
- (void)touchOk
{
[self.picker takePicture];
}- 14.Xcode 7.3版本編譯不提示自定義類名
- 15.Xcode檔案路徑
//外掛的安裝路徑
~/Library/Application Support/Developer/Shared/Xcode/Plug-ins
//描述檔案的安裝路徑
~/Library/MobileDevice/Provisioning Profiles
//模擬器的位置
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/iPhoneSimulator.platform/Developer/SDKs
//文件安裝位置
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Documentation/DocSets
//自定義程式碼段的儲存路徑
~/Library/Developer/Xcode/UserData/CodeSnippets/
如果找不到CodeSnippets資料夾，可以自己新建一個CodeSnippets資料夾。
//獲取家目錄路徑的函式
NSString *homeDir = NSHomeDirectory();
//獲取Documents目錄路徑的方法
NSArray *paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);
NSString *docDir = [paths objectAtIndex:0];
//獲取Documents目錄路徑的方法
NSArray *paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSCachesDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);
NSString *cachesDir = [paths objectAtIndex:0];
//獲取tmp目錄路徑的方法
NSString *tmpDir = NSTemporaryDirectory();- 16.點選cell上面的button,直接刪除cell;
- (void)doDeleteBtn:(UIButton *)sender
{
SSTableViewCell *cell = (SSCTouZhuTableViewCell *)[[[sender superview] superview]superview];
NSIndexPath *indexPath1 = [self.tableView indexPathForCell:cell];
[self.dataAry removeObjectAtIndex:indexPath1.row];
[self.tableView deleteRowsAtIndexPaths:[NSArray arrayWithObjects:[NSIndexPath indexPathForRow:indexPath1.row inSection:0], nil] withRowAnimation:UITableViewRowAnimationFade];
}