1. 程式人生 > >正則表示式常見匹配案例

正則表示式常見匹配案例

匹配中文
[\u4E00-\u9FA5]
匹配空白行
\n\s*\r
匹配HTML標記
<(\S*?)[^>]*>.*?<^1>|<.*?/>
匹配URL
[a-zA-Z]+://[^\s]*
匹配國內電話(帶區號的如0668-7610110)

\d{3}-\d{8}|\d{4}-\d{7}

匹配騰訊的QQ號
[1-9][0-9]{4,}
匹配中國郵政編碼
[1-9]\d{5}(?!\d)

匹配身份證
\d{15}|\d{18}
匹配ip地址
\d+.\d+.\d+.\d+

從一個給定的字串中找到想要的字串:


public class
RegexTest { public static void main( String args[] ){ // 按指定模式在字串查詢 String line = "My name is Jianguotang。I am a Android programmer.I am 21 years old"; String pattern = "(\\D*)(\\d+)(.*)"; // 建立 Pattern 物件 Pattern r = Pattern.compile(pattern); // 現在建立 matcher 物件
Matcher m = r.matcher(line); if (m.find( )) { System.out.println("Found value: " + m.group(0) ); System.out.println("Found value: " + m.group(1) ); System.out.println("Found value: " + m.group(2) ); System.out.println("Found value: "
+ m.group(3) ); } else { System.out.println("NO MATCH"); } } }

執行結果

Found value: My name is Jianguotang。I am a Android programmer.I am 21 years old
Found value: My name is Jianguotang。I am a Android programmer.I am 
Found value: 21
Found value:  years old

假設您要替換一個字母后跟一個點或逗號的所有空格

String pattern = "(\\w)(\\s+)([\\.,])";
System.out.println(EXAMPLE_TEST.replaceAll(pattern, ""));

替換標題標籤之間的文字

pattern = "(?i)(<title.*?>)(.+?)()";
String updated = EXAMPLE_TEST.replaceAll(pattern, "$2");

Pattern 和Matcher

您首先建立一個定義正則表示式的Pattern物件。此Pattern物件允許您為給定的字串建立Matcher物件。這個Matcher物件然後允許你對String進行正則表示式操作

import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;

public class RegexTestPatternMatcher {
        public static final String EXAMPLE_TEST = "This is my small example string which I'm going to use for pattern matching.";

        public static void main(String[] args) {
                Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("\\w+");
                // 如果您想忽略大小寫敏感度,
                // 你可以使用這個語句:
                // Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("\\s+", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE);
                Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(EXAMPLE_TEST);
                // 檢查所有的結果
                while (matcher.find()) {
                        System.out.print("Start index: " + matcher.start());
                        System.out.print(" End index: " + matcher.end() + " ");
                        System.out.println(matcher.group());
                }
                // 現在建立一個新的pattern和Matcher 以用選項卡替換空格s
                Pattern replace = Pattern.compile("\\s+");
                Matcher matcher2 = replace.matcher(EXAMPLE_TEST);
                System.out.println(matcher2.replaceAll("\t"));
        }
}
Start index: 0 End index: 4 This
Start index: 5 End index: 7 is
Start index: 8 End index: 10 my
Start index: 11 End index: 16 small
Start index: 17 End index: 24 example
Start index: 25 End index: 31 string
Start index: 32 End index: 37 which
Start index: 38 End index: 39 I
Start index: 40 End index: 41 m
Start index: 42 End index: 47 going
Start index: 48 End index: 50 to
Start index: 51 End index: 54 use
Start index: 55 End index: 58 for
Start index: 59 End index: 66 pattern
Start index: 67 End index: 75 matching
This    is  my  small   example string  which   I'm going   to  use for pattern matching.

建立一個連結檢查器

從網頁中提取所有有效的連結。它不考慮以“javascript:”或“mailto:”開頭的連結。

public class LinkGetter {
        private Pattern htmltag;
        private Pattern link;

        public LinkGetter() {
                htmltag = Pattern.compile("<a\\b[^>]*href=\"[^>]*>(.*?)</a>");
                link = Pattern.compile("href=\"[^>]*\">");
        }

        public List<String> getLinks(String url) {
                List<String> links = new ArrayList<String>();
                try {
                        BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(
                                        new InputStreamReader(new URL(url).openStream()));
                        String s;
                        StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
                        while ((s = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
                                builder.append(s);
                        }

                        Matcher tagmatch = htmltag.matcher(builder.toString());
                        while (tagmatch.find()) {
                                Matcher matcher = link.matcher(tagmatch.group());
                                matcher.find();
                                String link = matcher.group().replaceFirst("href=\"", "")
                                                .replaceFirst("\">", "")
                                                .replaceFirst("\"[\\s]?target=\"[a-zA-Z_0-9]*", "");
                                if (valid(link)) {
                                        links.add(makeAbsolute(url, link));
                                }
                        }
                } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                }
                return links;
        }

        private boolean valid(String s) {
                if (s.matches("javascript:.*|mailto:.*")) {
                        return false;
                }
                return true;
        }

        private String makeAbsolute(String url, String link) {
                if (link.matches("http://.*")) {
                        return link;
                }
                if (link.matches("/.*") && url.matches(".*$[^/]")) {
                        return url + "/" + link;
                }
                if (link.matches("[^/].*") && url.matches(".*[^/]")) {
                        return url + "/" + link;
                }
                if (link.matches("/.*") && url.matches(".*[/]")) {
                        return url + link;
                }
                if (link.matches("/.*") && url.matches(".*[^/]")) {
                        return url + link;
                }
                throw new RuntimeException("Cannot make the link absolute. Url: " + url
                                + " Link " + link);
        }
}

找到重複的單詞
以下正則表示式匹配重複的單詞。

\b(\w+)\s+\1\b

\ b是一個字邊界,\ 1引用了第一個組的捕獲匹配,即第一個字。 (?! - in)\ b(\ w +)\ 1 \ b如果不以“-in”開頭,則會找到重複的單詞。 提示:新增(?s)以跨多行搜尋

尋找從新行開始的元素
以下正則表示式允許您找到“標題”單詞,以防其在新行中開始。

(\n\s*)title