Ubuntu軟體包安裝+安裝桌面軟體
阿新 • • 發佈:2019-01-23
教學視訊總結:
在虛擬機器上執行Ubuntu,(輸入使用者名稱,密碼)在根目錄下執行;
輸入cd /etc
輸入cd apt
ls命令 可以檢視有哪些檔案(sources.list檔案為軟體源的列表目錄)
cat sources.list命令 檢視檔案內容
由於檔案中多為國外地址,為避免訪問出錯,將其改為國內映象。本文多次試驗採用阿里雲!!
1.首先將sources.list進行備份,輸入命令sudo cp sources.list sources.list.bak (之後可輸入cat查詢)
2.然後刪除sources.list內容,由於sources.list是root許可權,切換到root下(輸入su root),輸入echo '' > sources.list
<注意>:切換root時遇到Authentication failure 錯誤,百度解決辦法:
- $ sudo passwd root
- Enter new UNIX password:
- Retype new UNIX password:
- passwd: password updated successfully
3.在根目錄下寫入sources.list檔案。指令:nano sources.list 。ctrl+o儲存檔案 ctrl+x退出編輯
- deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial main restricted #Added by software-properties
- deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted
- deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted multiverse universe #Added by software-properties
- deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted
- deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted multiverse universe #Added by software-properties
- deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe
- deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe
- deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial multiverse
- deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates multiverse
- deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
- deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse #Added by software-properties
- deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partner
- deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partner
- deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted
- deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted multiverse universe #Added by software-properties
- deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security universe
- deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security multiverse
4.切換回ubuntu目錄下,更新軟體源,升級
su ubuntu
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
安裝桌面軟體:
sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop
重啟系統
sudo reboot
安裝增強工具:
1.拷貝虛擬機器->重新安裝->VM...gz到Ubuntu介面,並解壓
2.開啟終端(term)
3.電源->關機->編輯虛擬機器設定