python操作文件和目錄
阿新 • • 發佈:2019-01-25
hello range mark users 文件操作 open doc 顯示 ret
python操作文件和目錄
目錄操作
# 查看當前目錄 >>> os.path.abspath(‘.‘) ‘/Users/markzhang/Documents/python/security‘ # 查看當前目錄 >>> os.getcwd() ‘/Users/markzhang/Documents/python/security‘ # 更改當前的工作目錄 >>> os.chdir(‘/Users/markzhang/‘) >>> os.getcwd() ‘/Users/markzhang‘ # 在某目錄下創建新目錄,首先顯示新目錄的完整路徑 >>> os.path.join(‘/Users/markzhang/Documents/python/security‘,‘test‘) ‘/Users/markzhang/Documents/python/security/test‘ # 創建目錄 >>> os.mkdir(‘/Users/markzhang/Documents/python/security/test‘) # 刪除目錄 >>> os.rmdir(‘/Users/markzhang/Documents/python/security/test‘)
文件操作
# 創建文件 >>> with open(‘/Users/markzhang/Documents/python/security/demo.txt‘,‘w‘) as f: ... f.write(‘hello world‘) # 寫文件 ... >>> with open(‘/Users/markzhang/Documents/python/security/demo.txt‘,‘r‘) as f: ... f.read() # 讀文件 ... ‘hello world‘ >>> os.getcwd() ‘/Users/markzhang/Documents/python/security‘ # 對文件重命名 >>> os.rename(‘demo.txt‘,‘test.txt‘) # 刪除文件 >>> os.remove(‘test.txt‘)
實例
將0-9寫入到指定文件,並以當前時間命名
import os import time def current_time(): t = time.strftime(‘%Y-%m-%d‘,time.localtime()) suffix = ".txt" fullname = t+suffix return fullname with open(‘/Users/markzhang/Desktop/io.txt‘,‘w‘) as f: for i in range(10): i = str(i) f.write(i) f.write(‘\n‘) os.chdir(‘/Users/markzhang/Desktop/‘) os.rename(‘io.txt‘,current_time())
python操作文件和目錄