Servlet+AJAX實現資料處理顯示
阿新 • • 發佈：2019-01-26
實現功能：在輸入框中輸入字元，用AJAX傳到後臺Servlet處理後加上隨機數，並返回到前臺顯示。
一、寫前臺jsp頁面index.jsp
二、寫後臺Servlet加random隨機數，關鍵程式碼如下：
一、寫前臺jsp頁面index.jsp
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%> <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title> <script type="text/javascript"> /* ajax 的幾個步驟： 1、建立XmlHttpRequest物件 2、設定回撥函式 3、使用Open方法建立與伺服器的連線 4、向伺服器傳送資料 5、在回撥函式中針對不同響應狀態進行處理 */ var xmlHttp; function createXMLHttpRequest(){ //1建立XmlHttpRequest物件 if(window.ActiveXObject){ try{ xmlHttp = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHttp"); }catch(e){ alert("Error!!!"); } }else{ xmlHttp = new XMLHttpRequest(); } } function showMes(){ //2設定回撥函式 if(xmlHttp.readyState==4){ //資料接收完成並可以使用 if(xmlHttp.status==200){ //http狀態OK //5、在回撥函式中針對不同響應狀態進行處理 document.getElementById("sp").innerHTML = xmlHttp.responseText; //伺服器的響應內容 }else{ alert("出錯："+xmlHttp.statusText); //HTTP狀態碼對應的文字 } } } /** //這是GET方法傳送 function getMes(){ createXMLHttpRequest(); var txt = document.getElementById("txt").value; var url="servlet/AjaxServlet?txt="+txt; url = encodeURI(url); //轉換碼後再傳輸 xmlHttp.open("GET",url,true); //3使用Open方法建立與伺服器的連線 xmlHttp.onreadystatechange=showMes; xmlHttp.send(null); //4向伺服器傳送資料 } */ /** *這是post方法 */ function postMes(){ createXMLHttpRequest(); var txt = document.getElementById("txt").value; var url = "servlet/AjaxServlet"; var params = "username="+txt; // alert(params); xmlHttp.open("POST",url,true); xmlHttp.setRequestHeader("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8"); xmlHttp.send(params); xmlHttp.onreadystatechange = showMes; } </script> </head> <body> <input type="text" id="txt"/> <input type="button" value="query" onclick="postMes()" /> <span id="sp"></span> </body> </html>
二、寫後臺Servlet加random隨機數，關鍵程式碼如下：
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8"); //用utf-8轉換獲得傳輸過來的碼 response.setContentType("text/html"); PrintWriter out = response.getWriter(); String txt = request.getParameter("txt"); // String tx = new String(txt.getBytes("iso-8859"),"utf-8"); out.print("txt="+txt+Math.random()); out.flush(); out.close(); } /** * The doPost method of the servlet. <br> * * This method is called when a form has its tag value method equals to post. * * @param request the request send by the client to the server * @param response the response send by the server to the client * @throws ServletException if an error occurred * @throws IOException if an error occurred */ public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8"); response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8"); PrintWriter out = response.getWriter(); String username = request.getParameter("username"); // String txt = new String(username.getBytes("ISO-8859-1"),"UTF-8"); String txt = new String(username); out.print("txt="+txt+":"+Math.random()); out.flush(); out.close(); }