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nginx常見內部引數,錯誤總結

1、日誌簡介

nginx日誌主要有兩種:訪問日誌和錯誤日誌。訪問日誌主要記錄客戶端訪問nginx的每一個請求,格式可以自定義;錯誤日誌主要記錄客戶端訪問nginx出錯時的日誌,格式不支援自定義。兩種日誌都可以選擇性關閉。

通過訪問日誌,你可以得到使用者地域來源、跳轉來源、使用終端、某個URL訪問量等相關資訊;通過錯誤日誌,你可以得到系統某個服務或server的效能瓶頸等。因此,將日誌好好利用,你可以得到很多有價值的資訊。

2、訪問日誌

[Access.log]

log_format  main  '$remote_addr $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" $http_host '

                  '$status $upstream_status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '

                  '"$http_user_agent" $ssl_protocol $ssl_cipher $upstream_addr '

                  '$request_time $upstream_response_time'; 

變數名稱

變數描述

舉例說明

$remote_addr

客戶端地址

113.140.15.90

$remote_user

客戶端使用者名稱稱

-

$time_local

訪問時間和時區

18/Jul/2012:17:00:01 +0800

$request

請求的URIHTTP協議

"GET /pa/img/home/logo-alipay-t.png HTTP/1.1"

$http_host

請求地址,即瀏覽器中你輸入的地址(IP或域名)

img.alipay.com

10.253.70.103

$status

HTTP請求狀態

200

$upstream_status

upstream狀態

200

$body_bytes_sent

傳送給客戶端檔案內容大小

547

$http_referer

跳轉來源

 "https://cashier.alipay.com.../"

$http_user_agent

使用者終端代理

"Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 5.1; Trident/4.0; SV1; GTB7.0; .NET4.0C;

$ssl_protocol

SSL協議版本

TLSv1

$ssl_cipher

交換資料中的演算法

RC4-SHA

$upstream_addr

後臺upstream的地址,即真正提供服務的主機地址

10.228.35.247:80

$request_time

整個請求的總時間

0.205

$upstream_response_time

請求過程中,upstream響應時間

0.002

線上例項:

116.9.137.90 - [02/Aug/2012:14:47:12 +0800] "GET /images/XX/20100324752729.png HTTP/1.1"img.alipay.com 200 200 2038 https://cashier.alipay.com/XX/PaymentResult.htm?payNo=XX&outBizNo=2012XX "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.1; Trident/4.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; Tablet PC 2.0; 360SE)" TLSv1 AES128-SHA 10.228.21.237:80 0.198 0.001

線下測試($http_referer):

10.14.21.197 - - [14/Aug/2012:17:28:22 +0800] "GET /spanner/watch/v1?--db=ztg-1&--mode=compare&--index=status&--option=&--cluster=whole&-F=2012%2F8%2F12-00%3A00%3A00&-T=%2B2880&-i=1&-n=0&_=1344936501292 HTTP/1.1" 200 94193 "http://spanner.alipay.net/optionFrame/history.html" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/21.0.1180.60 Safari/537.1"

clip_image001

備註:$http_referer和重定向有關。

線下測試($http_host):

clip_image002

備註:$http_host的值和你在瀏覽器裡輸入的值有關。

3、錯誤日誌

錯誤資訊

錯誤說明

"upstream prematurely(過早的) closed connection"

請求uri的時候出現的異常,是由於upstream還未返回應答給使用者時使用者斷掉連線造成的,對系統沒有影響,可以忽略

"recv() failed (104: Connection reset by peer)"

1)伺服器的併發連線數超過了其承載量,伺服器會將其中一些連線Down掉;

2)客戶關掉了瀏覽器,而伺服器還在給客戶端傳送資料;

3)瀏覽器端按了Stop

"(111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream"

使用者在連線時,若遇到後端upstream掛掉或者不通,會收到該錯誤

"(111: Connection refused) while reading response header from upstream"

使用者在連線成功後讀取資料時,若遇到後端upstream掛掉或者不通,會收到該錯誤

"(111: Connection refused) while sending request to upstream"

Nginxupstream連線成功後傳送資料時,若遇到後端upstream掛掉或者不通,會收到該錯誤

"(110: Connection timed out) while connecting to upstream"

nginx連線後面的upstream時超時

"(110: Connection timed out) while reading upstream"

nginx讀取來自upstream的響應時超時

"(110: Connection timed out) while reading response header from upstream"

nginx讀取來自upstream的響應頭時超時

"(110: Connection timed out) while reading upstream"

nginx讀取來自upstream的響應時超時

"(104: Connection reset by peer) while connecting to upstream"

upstream傳送了RST,將連線重置

"upstream sent invalid header while reading response header from upstream"

upstream傳送的響應頭無效

"upstream sent no valid HTTP/1.0 header while reading response header from upstream"

upstream傳送的響應頭無效

"client intended to send too large body"

用於設定允許接受的客戶端請求內容的最大值,預設值是1Mclient傳送的body超過了設定值

"reopening logs"

使用者傳送kill  -USR1命令

"gracefully shutting down",

使用者傳送kill  -WINCH命令

"no servers are inside upstream"

upstream下未配置server

"no live upstreams while connecting to upstream"

upstream下的server全都掛了

"SSL_do_handshake() failed"

SSL握手失敗

"SSL_write() failed (SSL:) while sending to client"

"(13: Permission denied) while reading upstream"

"(98: Address already in use) while connecting to upstream"

"(99: Cannot assign requested address) while connecting to upstream"

"ngx_slab_alloc() failed: no memory in SSL session shared cache"

ssl_session_cache大小不夠等原因造成

"could not add new SSL session to the session cache while SSL handshaking"

ssl_session_cache大小不夠等原因造成

"send() failed (111: Connection refused)"